Chifukwa chiyani nkhaka masamba amafuna?

Nkhaka ndi imodzi mwa masamba otchuka kwambiri omwe amadyedwa chaka chonse, choncho amakula ponseponse m'mphepete mwa greenhouses ndi pamtunda pafupifupi munda uliwonse. Koma nthawi zina, ngakhale kuti wolima munda akutsatira malangizowo onse, nkhakazo zimachoka. Tiyeni tione zifukwa zazikulu za vuto ili.

N'chifukwa chiyani masamba amafalikira mu nkhaka?

Olima munda apeza zifukwa zazikuluzikuluzikulu zomwe masamba a nkhaka amafunira:

1. Kusasamala kwa mikhalidwe ikukula:

• kuthirira - kusakwanira koyambitsa kumapangitsa kuti masamba ayambe kuuma kuchokera pamphepete mpaka pakati, komanso kupewa kupewa chinyezi pa iwo;
• mtunda waung'ono pakati pa zomera;
• malo osankhidwa bwino - ngati masamba a nkhaka adzawululidwa kuti atsogolere dzuwa, ndiye, mwinamwake, adzafulumira kwambiri. Chofunika kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a mabedi omwe mbewuyi yabzalidwa - ndi yopapatiza komanso yapamwamba kwambiri yomwe imayambitsa kutaya kwa chinyontho chofunikira, chomwe chimayambitsa kufota kwa masamba ndi zimayambira;
• overasaturation kapena kusowa kwa feteleza ;
• hit herbicides - popeza chomera sichimaloleza iwo konse;
• malo osayenera, omwe amafesedwa pafupi ndi tomato, popeza zomerazi zimafuna mosiyana ndi chinyezi.

• fungal matenda - fusarium akufuna nkhaka, yokhudza zomera zobiriwira. Mutha kusiyanitsa ndi mtsempha wouma, kuphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa tsinde mu chigawo cha mizu;
• zovunda zoyera - masamba amataya turgor, amakhala ofewa kwambiri, kenako amatha kugwa, mawanga a bulauni amawoneka mozungulira;
• Mzu wa zowola ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe nkhaka zimawomba ndi kufota masamba apansi, ngati osakonzedwa pa nthawiyo, chikwapu chonse chimamwalira;
• nsabwe za m'masamba - mukhoza kuzipeza kumbuyo kwa mapepala;
• nthata.

Atatsimikiza chifukwa chake nkhakayi imasiya masamba, ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zisungidwe chomera, popeza chikhalidwe choterocho chingawononge imfa yake.

Ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati masamba obiriwira akufalikira ku nkhaka?

Ngati chifukwa chake sichikwanira, ndiye kuti nkofunika kuyamba kuthirira tchire nthawi zambiri komanso nthawi zambiri, kuti chinyezi chifike pamzuwu. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti madzi samwazika, koma amakhala pafupi ndi tsinde. Pachifukwachi, bedi liyenera kukhala ngakhale kapena mungathe kulipanga ndodo yaing'ono.

Pamene mankhwala ophera tizilombo amafika pamasamba, ayenera kutsukidwa mwamsanga, ndipo madziwo adzalowa pansi kwambiri ndipo sizidzakhala zoopsa kwa nkhaka.

Masamba akafota chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mbeu ndi matenda, bowa kapena tizilombo toononga, ndikofunika kuti tiwone mwamsanga mwamsanga ndikuchichita ndi njira yapadera:

• Muzu zowola - sprayed ndi mankhwala "Trichodermin", yomwe ndi oat tirigu, yokutidwa ndi youma wobiriwira nkhungu. Iwo ali oviikidwa ndipo chomera cha matenda chimachiritsidwa ndi zotsatira zake;
• Nsabwe za m'masamba - njira ya soapy imathandiza kwambiri kapena mungagule mankhwala apadera, mwachitsanzo, "Iskra";
• Matenda a fungal (fusarium amapanga nkhaka kapena kuvunda koyera) - nkofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga "Fotosporin", "Kornevin", "Gitrauxin";
• Nkhupakupa - kuwaza ndi kulowetsedwa kwa mankhusu anyezi.

Kuti mupewe mavutowa, nkofunika kuvala mbewu musanayambe kubzala, kusamalira nthaka musanadzalemo, komanso nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muzitha kutsuka ndondomeko ya nkhaka kuchokera ku spray ndi potsimikiza potassium permanganate. Musanabzala nkhaka m'munda wanu, muyenera kudzidziwitsa nokha ndi mavuto omwe mukukula nawo komanso njira zowonongolera.