Actinidia ndi mtundu wonse wa lianas osatha wa banja Actinidiae wochokera ku Asia. Pafupifupi, pali mitundu pafupifupi 40 ya zomera izi m'chilengedwe. Zipatso za zina mwazo zimadya komanso zimakhala zofala. Monga, mwachitsanzo, nthumwi yotchuka kwambiri ya actinidia ndi Chitchaina, yomwe imadziwika bwino padziko lonse ngati kiwi .
Kukula pamunda wanu wa munda wotchedwa actinidia ayenera kutsatira mozama malamulo odzala ndi kusamalira. Tidzakambirana za zomwe tiyenera kuziganizira posankha ndikukula chomera ichi m'nkhaniyi.
Kugula mbande
Mitengo yamitengo imatha kugulidwa muzipinda zapadera kapena m'misika yamaluwa. Mukamagula, muyenera kumvetsera mfundo zina.
Pezani zokolola, zomwe mizu yake imatetezedwa ndi nthaka kapena kutsekedwa ndi chidebe. Mizu ya actinidia, yokhala panja, ikhoza kuwonongeka mu mphindi zingapo chabe.
Chomera ndi dioecious. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pa chikhalidwe muyenera kupeza actinidia mwamuna ndi mkazi. Kawirikawiri mbewu imodzi yamphongo ndi yokwanira kwa ma liana angapo aakazi. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti zomera zina zimachokera mungu pamtundu wawo. Pamaso a actinidia ayamba kuphuka, simungadziwe kugonana kwake, choncho ndi bwino kugula zomera kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ogulitsa.
Kusankha malo otsetserekera
Mu chilengedwe, maseiniya a actinidia amabisika mu penumbra ya zomera zapamwamba, choncho malo omwewo ayenera kusankhidwa kuti azilima bwino. Pa mitengoyo, yomwe ingasokoneze mpesa, mukhoza kumanga mpanda kuzungulira kumunda kwa munda kapena pakhomo. Malo abwino kwambiri obzalidwa ndi actinidia akhoza kukhala khoma lazithunzi zazithunzi kapena piritsi lotseguka.
Ngakhale kuti actinidia ndi mthunzi wolekerera, dzuwa ndilofunikirabe. Zimathandiza kwambiri pakupanga ndi kusasitsa zipatso. Choncho, ndi bwino kuyika mipesa ikuyang'ana kumadzulo kapena kummawa.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Nthaŵi yoyenera yobzala ndiyo kutha kwa kasupe kapena masiku oyambirira a chilimwe. Masabata angapo musanadzalemo mbande, m'pofunika kukonzekera chingwe chodzala pafupi ndi theka la mita ndi kuya. Pansi pa dzenje muyenera kuika zowonongeka , ndi pamwamba pa nthaka, opindula ndi feteleza mchere. Musanafike pamtunda, muyenera kuika masentimita angapo pamtunda wamba popanda feteleza kuti muteteze mizu yachangu. Asanakhale ndi pambuyo pake ndikuika kuchokera ku chidebe, actinidia ayenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka.
Kulima moyenera kwa actinidia kumafuna chidwi kwambiri ndi mbande mu masabata awiri oyambirira, mpaka mbewuyo itatha mizu m'malo atsopano. Panthawi imeneyi, actinidia yachinyamatayo iyenera kutengedwa kuchokera ku kuwala kowala ndi nsalu kapena pepala.
Mitambo ya Actinidia
Odziwika kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa ndi wosakanizidwa actinidia kudzimanga feteleza , kubzala ndi kusamalira zomwe zikuchitika mogwirizana ndi malamulo omwewo monga zomera zowonongeka. Zokolola zimakula pakati pa mwezi wa September. Zipatso zabwino zimatha kulemera kwa 18 g. Perekani - 8 kg pa chitsamba.
Actinidium colomicta ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chisanu. Zipatsozo ndizochepa, zosawawa-zokoma ndi kucha pang'onopang'ono. Kawirikawiri, chitsamba chimodzi chingakhale pafupifupi makilogalamu 7.
Actinidia ndi mkangano - wamphamvu dioecious liana. Zipatso ndizowawa-zokoma, zazikulu, pafupifupi 5-6 g, okhwima pa nthawi imodzi kumapeto kwa September. Kukonzekera - mpaka 15-18 makilogalamu pa chitsamba.
Wina wosakanizidwa ndi actinidia wa Kiev lalikulu-fruited , kubzala ndi kusamalira izo sizimasiyana ndi malamulo ofunika. Zipatso zazikulu ndi zokoma zimatha kulemera kwa 20 g, ndipo zokolola zabwino za mtunduwo zimalola kuti kukolola makilogalamu makumi asanu ndi awiri kuchokera ku chitsamba.