Tucume


Dziko la Peru la South America timadziwika kuti ndife chikhalidwe cha anthu akale, makamaka a Incas. Polankhula za iwo, n'zosatheka kunena za mzinda wa Tukume ku "Valley of the Pyramids" ku Peru.

Chipangizo chodabwitsa kwambiri cha zofukulidwa pansi ndi chachilendo kwambiri komanso chosiyana ndi nyumba zachikhalidwe zakale. Nyumba yaikulu kwambiri ndi Ukaak-Larga (kutalika - mamita 700, m'lifupi - 280m, kutalika - mamita 30). Kumanga kwa mapiramidi oyambirira a zovuta zaka 700-800. AD, pamene Amwenye a chikhalidwe cha Lambayeque ankalamulira m'chigwacho.

Pakafukufuku wamatabwinja a Tucume ku Peru pali nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale komwe mungathe kuona zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'manda: zojambula, zokongoletsera zamtengo wapatali. Nyumba yosungiramo zojambulazo imamangidwanso mumayendedwe akale - "uakas".

Pyramids ya Tukume - chiyambi ndi zochitika

Nyumba zopanda zachilendozi zinapezeka ndi "akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale zakuda", omwe anafunafuna golide wamtengo wapatali wa Incas. Poyamba ankakhulupirira kuti mapiramidiwo ndi achilengedwe, koma kenako asayansi anatsimikizira kuti anamangidwa ndi anthu. Zomangamanga zinali njerwa ku matope, zouma padzuwa. Panalibe nyumba zazikulu mkati mwa mapiramidi, kupatulapo vosi angapo omwe ankakhala ngati malo ogona komanso makilomita. Chifukwa cha ichi, ofufuza, omwe amatsogoleredwa ndi ethnographer wodziwika bwino, Thor Heyerdahl, adatsimikiza kuti mapiramidi sanatanthauzidwe kuikidwa m'manda, monga Aigupto, Mayan, kapena Aztec. Mzinda wakale wa Tukume, womwe unali ndi mapiramidi akuluakulu 26, unkatengedwa kukhala malo a milungu yopembedzedwa ndi fuko lino. Pamwamba pa piramidi munali olamulira a Chigwa cha Lambayeque.

Kwa nthawi yaitali asayansi anadabwa chifukwa chake oimira chikhalidwe cha Lambayeque anafunikira mapiramidi ambiri. Njira yothetsera vutoli inali yosavuta: panthawi ya masoka achilengedwe, omwe anthu okhala m'chigwachi amawaona ngati mkwiyo wa milungu, mapiramidi omwe adayimilira pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, ankawotchedwa ngati osokonezeka, ndipo ntchito yomanga nyumbayo inayamba.

Okopa alendo amakopeka pano osati kukongola kwakukulu kwa nyumba zakale zapamwamba, komanso mbiri yawo yoipa. Piramidi yotsiriza sichinawotchedwe. Kuphatikiza pa moto woyeretsa, ansembe adayesa kutetezera milungu mothandizidwa ndi zopereka. Pansi pa piramidi anaperekedwa anthu 119 (makamaka akazi ndi ana), pambuyo pake otsala onse adachoka mumzinda wa Tukume.

Lero, ammudzi amapewa chigwachi, akuchiwona malo otembereredwa ndikuwutcha "Purigatoriyo". Mwinamwake, chifukwa cha izi ndi nsembe yaumunthu, yomwe yapangidwa kuno kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Koma amwenye achi Peru, mmalo mwake, amathera miyambo yawo yamatsenga pano sabata iliyonse.

Kodi mungapeze bwanji ku Tucuma?

Phiri la La Raya, lomwe limakhala ndi mapiramidi osadziwika bwino, lili kumpoto kwa Peru, pafupi ndi tauni ya Chiclayo . Kuchokera pano kupita ku mapiramidi nthawi zonse mumayenda basi, mukhoza kukhala mumsewu ku Manuel Pardo. Komanso ku Tukuma mungayende pamsewu waukulu wa Pan-American kuchokera ku Lima (maola 10 pa basi) kapena Trujillo (maola atatu). Komabe, alendo ambiri amakonda njira yowendetsa ndege: ndi ndege kuchokera ku Lima mudzalowa m'chigwacho pamphindi 50, ndipo kuchokera ku Trujillo - mu mphindi 15. Kuphatikiza pa kafukufuku wodziimira pazomwe akupeza m'mabwinja, mungathe kupeza ulendo wopita ku Tucuma.