Penstemon - maluwa okhala ku North America, koma posachedwapa maluwa amtunduwu amakhazikitsidwa bwino pa euro-Asia continent. Chomeracho ndi kukongoletsera: chitsamba chamtali ndi peduncles, pamapeto pake pali maluwa okongola omwe amasonkhanitsidwa ndi burashi. Amaluwa onse okonda masewera omwe awona maluwa okongola modabwitsa angafune kulima zomera m'munda wawo. Iwo ali ndi chidwi ndi funso: momwe angakulire penstemon?
Penstemon: kubzala ndi kusamalira
Chodziwika kwambiri ndi penstemon kwa zaka zambiri. Kukula penstemon kuchokera ku mbewu kumafuna khama lalikulu ndi kuleza mtima.
Pofuna kuonjezera kumera, mbewu zimalimbikitsidwa kusungidwa pamalo ozizira kwa mwezi umodzi musanadzalemo. Kusunga mbewu ya penstemon kumachitika kumapeto kwa February - kumayambiriro kwa March. Mbewu zowalidwa pafupifupi pamwamba pa nthaka, kotero kuti zomera zomwe zikukula zimalandira kuwala kwa dzuwa. Pamwamba pa zofesedwa zimadetsedwa ndi mchenga pang'ono, wothira komanso wokutidwa ndi cellophane kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha. Malo opangira kubzala ayenera kukhala ofunda (pafupifupi 22 ... + 25 madigiri) ndi kuwala, ndiye mphukira zoyamba zakhala zikuyambidwa pamapeto a sabata yachiwiri.
Pakubwera mphukira, filimuyo ikhoza kuchotsedwa ndipo patatha masiku angapo ndikuwongolera mbeu mu peti. Tsopano kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala kotsika, makamaka +14 ... +17 madigiri. Ngati izi zitsatiridwa, tingayembekezere maluwa oyambirirawo. Pambuyo pakuonekera kwa masamba awiri enieni, kubzala kumamera. Kumalo otseguka obzalidwa, malingana ndi chigawo cha nyengo: kuchokera pakati pa mwezi wa May mpaka mochedwa May. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuti tipeze mtunda pakati pa tchire pafupifupi masentimita 35. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zapenti zam'mphepete mwa mphepo ndi nyengo kusintha, ndi bwino kuti chomera chisankhe malo abwino, otetezedwa kumbali zonse. Nthaka sayenera kulowerera ndale, yolemera mu humus. Kuti ukhale wokula bwino mu nthaka, ukhoza kupanga mchenga kapena miyala yayikulu, chifukwa chomera sichimalola kusamba kwa chinyontho mu mizu.
Kusamalira kumaphatikizapo kumwetsa nthawi zonse, kupalira ndi kukulumikiza , kuteteza chomera kuti chisawonongeke nthawi yotentha. Pafupifupi kawiri pamwezi m'pofunika kupanga feteleza wambiri ndi zovuta feteleza. Kuti musunge mawonekedwe okongoletsera, nthawi zonse chotsani zakufa. Kaŵirikaŵiri pali chodabwitsa pamene pamwamba pa chomera chikufota. Pofuna kupewa imfa ya chitsamba, nkofunika kuthetsa mbali ya matenda kapena kutsitsa mbewu zonse kuti mphukira zowoneka bwino ziwonekere. Koma kugwa kwa maluwa mvula ndi nyengo yamphepo - chinthu chachilendo. Pa malo ogwa mitengo nthawi zonse amalima maluwa atsopano.
Penstemon kufalitsa ndi cuttings. Mu August, adadulidwa, ndipo mizu yozulidwa mizu imasungidwa kutentha kwa +3 ... + madigiri 7. Mu kasupe mbewu imabzalidwa. Penstemon ya cuttings imafalikira pafupifupi mwezi kale kuposa maluwa akukula kuchokera ku mbewu.
Kukonzekera kwa penstemons kwa wintering
Mitundu yambiri ya penstems silingalole kutentha pansipa -10
Ntchito ya penstemons
Chomera limamasula, kuyambira July ndi mpaka m'dzinja frosts, zokongoletsa ndi yaitali yaitali inflorescences akukula malo. Mukhoza kuyika pazitsulo mu rabatkah , kutentha ndi maluwa otsika (marigolds, ageratum, etc.), kapena magulu osakaniza. Dulani pentemmers kuyang'ana bwino mu mono-bouquets, ndi kuphatikiza ndi mitundu ina.