Painkillers

Anesthetics amalembetsa mndandanda wa mankhwala omwe amasungidwa mu ndondomeko iliyonse ya mankhwala. Masiku ano, ambiri mwa iwo amagulitsidwa popanda mankhwala, choncho nthawi zambiri pamakhala mankhwala osamva komanso osalondola, omwe angabweretse mavuto aakulu. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti matenda opweteka ndi chizindikiro chokhudza thupi lililonse. Choncho, kungoletsa kupweteka, sikutheka kuchotsa chifukwa cha matenda, ndipo posachedwapa ikhoza kudziwonetsanso.

Chizindikiro cha mankhwala opweteka

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amasiyana m'magulu komanso mankhwala. Iwo akhoza kuperekedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kukhala ndi zochita zowonongeka:

• mapiritsi;
• capsules;
• makandulo;
• zothetsera jekeseni;
• mafuta;
• mazira, ndi zina zotero.

Ndi chikhalidwe cha mankhwala ndi mankhwala, zopweteka zopweteka zimagawidwa m'magulu akulu awiri.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mankhwala, omwe zochita zawo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kulepheretsa mbali zina zapakatikatikati zamanjenje. Monga lamulo, mankhwala opwetekawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pochita opaleshoni yaikulu, kuvulala kwakukulu, kupsyinjika kwakukulu, kopweteka. Mwa kuletsa kufalitsa kwa maganizo mu ubongo ndi msana, amathandizanso kuthetsa nkhawa.

Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa akugwirizanitsa bwino ululuwo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha komanso mosamala. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti mankhwala oterowo amathamanga mofulumira kwambiri, kumadalira thupi ndi maganizo, komanso kumayambitsa mavuto ena ambiri. Mankhwala oledzeretsa amagawidwa mwa:

1. Zopatsa mphamvu za opioid receptors:

• morphine;
• fentanyl;
• promedol).

2. Agonist-otsutsa opioid receptors:

• butorphanol;
• buprenorphine;
• pentazocine;
• nalbufin.

Osati mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Izi ndi njira, zogwira mtima pakumva kupweteka kwa chiwerengero ndi kufooka. Ndalamazi sizimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kayendedwe kabwino ka mitsempha, osasintha maganizo, osayambitsa chiwerewere. Choncho, kupweteka kotereku kumayesedwa kuti ndi kotetezeka. Iwo agawidwa mu:

1. Mankhwala otsutsana ndi zotupa - ali ndi anti-inflammatory, analgesic effect, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi.
2. Analgesics-antipyretics - ali ndi antipyretic ndi analgesic kwenikweni.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo akuphatikizapo kukonzekera pogwiritsa ntchito:

• mankhwala ochokera ku salicylic acid (sodium salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid);
• mankhwala a aniline (paracetamol, phenacetin);
• mankhwala a anthranilic acid (fluphenamic acid, mefenamic acid);
• zochokera ku alkanoic acid (ibuprofen, diclofenac sodium, flurbiprofen);
• zochokera ku pyrazolone (analgin, amidopyrine, butadione), ndi zina zotero.

Anesthetics ali ndi Dzino la Dzino

Painkillers ayenera kutengedwa ndi dzino ladzidzidzi, pamene palibe njira yothetsera dokotala msanga. Ganizirani zida ziti zomwe zingakhale zogwira mtima pa nkhani iyi:

1. Kukonzekera pogwiritsa ntchito acetylsalicylic acid - mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala mukakhala ndi vuto la kugaya:

• Asphen;
• Acelesin;
• Citramoni.

2. Njira zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nimesulide - Zochita zokhazikika komanso zofulumira.

• Actasulide;
• Nimesil;
• Nyz.

3. Mankhwala a Ketorolac ndi othandiza omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati akumva kupweteka kwambiri, kusamalira:

• Ketanov;
• Ketorol;
• Ketalgin.

Anesthetics kwa osteochondrosis

Thandizo lachidziwitso la osteochondrosis nthawi zambiri limaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opweteka. Monga lamulo, izi zikukonzekera ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• diclofenac sodium;
• chodabwitsa;
• ibuprofen;
• nimesulide;
• ketoprofen ndi ena.

Pa milandu yoopsa, kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo amasonyezedwa, mowala kwambiri - mawonekedwe akunja (mafuta, mafuta, creams).