Matenda oterewa, monga arthrosis a mawondo a bondo, amatsogoleredwa pakati pa ziwalo zina zowonjezera pafupipafupi za zochitika, ndipo ambiri odwala amakhala amayi. M'magulu azachipatala, arthrosis wa malo awa akutchedwa gonarthrosis. Taganizirani chifukwa chake matendawa amayamba, momwe amadziwonetsera komanso amachiritsidwa.
Osteoarthritis - zimayambitsa
Kuti timvetse chikhalidwe ndi zifukwa za arthrosis, tiyeni tipeze kutengera. Bondo limodzi limayimilidwa ndi zovuta zonse - mafupa, tendon, ligament, vascular, mantha. Kumtunda kwa mgwirizano ndi mapeto a kutalika kwa ntchafu, malire apansi amaimiridwa ndi gawo lapamwamba la tibia, kutsogolo kuli kochepa ndi apella, ndi kumbuyo - ndi minofu.
Malo ozungulira akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi minofu yambiri, yomwe makulidwe ake ndi 5-6 mm. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapanga ntchito zowonongeka ndi kuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwa kayendedwe kake. Katemera woterewu amaperekedwa ndi madzi amadzimadzi omwe amapangidwa ndi synovial membrane. Pokhala ndi kusowa kwa chakudya, minofu yotchedwa cartilaginous imakhala yochepa kwambiri, imataya, imatuluka ndipo imayamba kuchepa, kutayika kwake.
Cartilage yosagwira ntchito imayambitsa kuchuluka kwa katundu pa mafupa a mafupa, omwe amayamba kufooka ndi kukula ngati chitetezo chokhala ngati mankhwala otsekemera. Ndondomeko zowonongeka zimakhudzanso chithunzithunzi cha synovial, ligaments, muscle fibers. Zonsezi zimabweretsa mavuto pakuyenda kwa mgwirizano ndi kupotoka kwa chiwalo chomwe chimachokera ku malo abwino. Ichi ndi chitukuko cha arthrosis ya mawondo a mawondo.
Nthawi zambiri matenda a Arthrosis amayamba chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, zomwe zimachititsa kuti kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha yambiri, yomwe ili yaikulu ndi iyi:
- ziwalo zosiyana siyana ( joint dysplasia );
- kuwonongeka kwa mgwirizano wokhudzana ndi kapangidwe ka mafupa, mitsempha, minofu, minofu yamatenda (mikwingwirima, kuvulaza, kupweteka, kupopera);
- Matenda a minofu, yomwe mtolo umagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwirizana ( scoliosis , kyphosis , flat feet);
- ntchito yosamutsidwa pa bondo (mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa meniscus );
- katundu wolemera kwambiri m'magulu apansi ogwirizana ndi masewera kapena ntchito;
- ntchito yochepa kwambiri, yosasunthika;
- kunenepa kwambiri;
- matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi minofu yaitali ya minofu kapena ziwiya za miyendo;
- Kutupa m'matumbo amodzi (chifukwa cha nyamakazi ya nyamakazi , nyamakazi yodwala ndi machitidwe a lupus erythematosus, matenda a purulent);
- Kuphwanya kagayidwe kachakudya m'thupi, endocrine pathologies;
- kukalamba kwa thupi.
Osteoarthritis wa bondo - zizindikiro
Matendawa amakula pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono, poyamba sichimvetsetsa kwa wodwalayo, kenako amachititsa kuti pang'onopang'ono kudwala, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zizindikiro zoopsa, ndipo nthawi zina - kulemala. Mosasamala kanthu za zomwe zimayambitsa arthrosis za mawondo a bondo, poganizira kukula kwa matenda opatsirana mu makoswe, madigiri atatu a gonarthrosis amadziwika, omwe aliwonse amatha kudziwika ndi chithunzi chapadera.
Osteoarthritis wa mawondo a mawondo amasiyana ndi zovuta zina zochititsa manyazi ndi kukhalapo kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ululu:
- "Yambani kupweteka" , yomwe imachitika mutakhala nthawi yaitali mu nthawi ya mpumulo kumayambiriro kwa kayendetsedwe ka madzi, ndiyeno mufewetseni kapena musatulukire kumbuyo kwa magalimoto opanga (pambuyo pa kotala la ora). Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukangana kwa malo opangira, omwe zidutswa zazing'ono za kugwa kwa mafupa ndi cartilage zimakhazikika. Kuthamanga kwa mgwirizano kumapangitsa kuchotsedwa kwa tizigawo timene timayipitsa mu thumba loponyera, lomwe likugwedezeka.
- "Kutetezedwa kwa mgwirizano" - matenda opweteka mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha kuoneka kwa "mbewa yamapiko", yomwe ili ndi khungu lakuda kapena fupa. Chidutswa chophwanyikacho chimaphatikizidwa pakati pa malo opangirapo kapena kupangidwa m'ziwalo zofewa, zomwe zimapangitsa kupweteka kosavuta komanso kusakhoza kuyenda ngakhale pang'ono.
Gonarthrosis 1 digiri
Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, bondo silosiyana ndi thanzi labwino, palibe kupunduka. Gonarthrosis wa bondo limodzi la digiri yoyamba limakhala ndi vuto la kusakaza magazi m'mabotolo aang'ono omwe amatha kudya kagawoti, kotero amayamba kuwuma ndi kutuluka kunja. Izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kupweteka kwa nthawi ndi nthawi pambuyo pa ntchito yamagalimoto, kukweza zolemera kapena kukhala pamalo oima kwa nthawi yaitali. Komanso, pangakhale kutupa pang'ono mu patella.
Gonarthrosis wa 2 digiri
Pamene matendawa amakula, mafupa, synovial membrane, amakhudzidwa, ndipo kufooka kwa zakudya zam'mimba kumawonjezereka. Pali kuwonongeka kwa capsule ya mgwirizano, maonekedwe a mafinya. Gonarthrosis wa mawondo a bedi lachiwiri amadziwika ndi kuwonjezereka kwa chizindikiro, ndi ululu kuwonekera mobwerezabwereza, kumakhala nthawi yayitali, kumverera ndi zinthu zosafunikira. Odwala amatha kuona kuuma kwa kayendetsedwe kake, maonekedwe a kuphulika. Osteoarthritis wa mawondo a mawondo a digiri ya 2 nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ndi maonekedwe a edema ndi kuwonongeka kwa bondo.
Gonarthrosis wa digiri ya 3
Pamene arthrosis ya bondo imayamba, zizindikiro zimasiya mosakayikitsa pa matendawa. Panthawi imeneyi, mtembo ulibe ponseponse, mitsempha ndi minofu zimasokonezeka, mgwirizano ndi miyendo imakhala yofooka kwambiri (mwendo wokhudzidwa umakhala wofanana ndi W kapena wofanana ndi X). Zowawa zimasokoneza wodwalayo nthawi zonse, pali kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kuyenda pamadzulo. Gawo likudziwika ndi kusakhazikika, kupitirira, odwala amafunika ndodo kapena zibonga.
Bilateral gonarthrosis
Kawirikawiri matendawa amayamba ndi mawondo amodzi, koma kenako kachiwiri, kuwonjezeka katundu, kumakhudzidwa ndi njira zowonongeka. Nthaŵi zina, arthrosis yomwe imawonongeka mwadongosolo imagwirizanitsa ndi khalidwe lachibadwa, ndiye zotupa zimakhala zofanana. Ndi chiwerengero chokwanira cha gonarthrosis, zizindikiro zomwe zimakhudza makamaka anthu okalamba, zingachititse kuti athe kusuntha kwathunthu.
Osteoarthritis - matenda
Odwala omwe amapanga mawondo a gonarthrosis amapatsidwa mayeso osiyanasiyana kuti athe kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi vutoli, kuti adziwitse zomwe zingayambitse matendawa komanso kuopsa kwake.
- Chithunzi chojambula X - chimasonyeza mkhalidwe wa menisci ndi cartilage (kuphatikizapo kusiyana kwa kusiyana kwa phokoso), kupezeka kapena kupezeka kwa kukula kwa mafupa, zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa mafupa;
- Ultrasound ndi MRI ya ziwalo za mawondo - kuti azindikire kusintha kwa mapangidwe ofooketsa, kuchuluka kwa intra-articular madzi;
- CT yothandizira mawondo - kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza kusintha kwa mafupa;
- Kusanthula kwa synovial madzi - kumaperekedwa kuti kutupa kwa mgwirizano kuti uone kukula kwa zotupa ndi zowonongeka;
- zojambulajambula - njira yowonetsera kafukufuku wamakono, yomwe kanema kanema imalowetsedwa pamtanda;
- mayeso a magazi ndi mkodzo.
Osteoarthritis wa mgwirizano wa mawondo
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito arthrosis ya bondo pambali iliyonse, dokotala ayenera kunena pambuyo pochita zochitika zogonana. Mulimonsemo, muyenera kuyendetsa chithandizo chautali ndi kutsata kwathunthu ndi ndondomeko zamankhwala - mwa njira iyi mungathe kupeza zotsatira zabwino. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zamankhwala ndizo:
- zochizira;
- kusamba;
- Mankhwala a physiotherapy (UHF, electrophoresis, phonophoresis , mazira a diadynamic, magneto- ndi laser therapy);
- mankhwala;
- kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mapangidwe a mafupa.
Kuonjezerapo, zingakhale zofunikira kuti zithetse mankhwala akuluakulu omwe amabweretsa arthrosis wa bondo, kuwerengera thupi, kupangira nsapato zabwino. Odwala ayenera kukonzekera bwino kayendedwe kake ka tsiku ndi tsiku, kusinthasintha maseŵera olimbitsa thupi ndi kupumula, kotero kuti katundu pamalumiki adayikidwa. Ndi kutchula kusintha kosakaza, pamene mankhwala osamalidwa bwino sagwira bwino ntchito, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni - knee arthroplasty.
Kodi kuchotsa kutupa kwa bondo ndi arthrosis?
Popeza kupunduka kwa arthrosis ya bondo kumaphatikizapo kutukumula kwa bondo, ndikofunika kuphunzira kuthetsa chizindikiro ichi, chomwe chimaletsa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Odwala, choyamba, ayenera kusintha zakudya kuti thupi lisamawonongeke. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuchepetsa kumwa mchere, shuga, mankhwala omaliza, nyama, mafuta.
Mwachindunji kuti kuchotsedwa kwa akatswiri a edema nthawi zambiri amalangiza kuti apange compresses ndi Dimexide, yomwe imachita chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa kusintha kachipangizo kamene kamayambitsa matendawa. Ndikofunika kusakaniza chidutswa cha gauze, kupakidwa kangapo, mu Dimexide yothetsera madzi yomwe imadzipukutira m'madzi ndi madzi, finyani pang'ono ndikugwirizanitsa ndi bondo lakudwala. Kuphimba pamwamba ndi pepala la pulasitiki, gwirani mphindi 20-40. Njirazi zikhoza kuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku usiku ndi maphunziro a 10-15 magawo.
Mafuta a arthrosis a mawondo a bondo
Pamene arthrosis wa bondo amapezeka, mankhwala am'nyumba amapezeka nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mavitamini, mazira, mafuta. Ndalama zimenezi zingagawidwe m'magulu angapo:
- mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (Diclofenac, Naise, Ketonal, Indomethacin, Voltaren, Dolobene) - kuchepetsa kutupa, kudyetsa;
- Kutentha (Apizartron, Gavkamen, Espol, Viprosal, Kapsikam, Finalgon) - Zimakhala ndi zotsatira zowonongeka kwa magazi, zimapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiziyenda bwino;
- chondroprotectors (Chondroxide, Chondroart, Aflutop, Teraflex) - kubwezeretsanso mitsempha yothandizira, kuyambitsa kusakanikirana kwa madzi amkati, kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa zizindikiro.
Majekeseni mu bondo limodzi ndi arthrosis - mankhwala
Nthawi zina, ngati zowonongeka zilipo kapena kupweteka kwambili zimatchulidwa, jekeseni amaperekedwa pa bondo chifukwa cha arthrosis ya bondo. Kukonzekera kwapadera kwa magulu otsatirawa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa jekeseni:
- corticosteroids (Diprospan, Hydrocortisone, Triamcinolone);
- Kukonzekera kwa hyaluronic acid (Hyalurum, Synocrome, Fermatron);
- olemba chondroprotectors (Aflutop, Dona, Hondrolon);
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo Novocaine.
Mapiritsi a Gonarthrosis
Tiyeni tione zomwe mapiritsi angaperekedwe kwa odwala omwe ali ndi arthrosis wa bondo:
- mankhwala osakanikirana ndi othandizira (Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Analgin);
- chondroprotectors (Glucosamine, Chondroitin sulfate, Dona, Teraflex, Piascladin).
Osteoarthritis wa mawondo a mawondo - mankhwala ndi mankhwala ochiritsira
Ngati chiyambi cha gonarthrosis chikupezeka, mankhwala akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndi njira zomwe si zachikhalidwe, zomwe zambiri zimasonyeza bwino kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, adyoyo amagaya kumathandiza kuyendetsa magazi m'magazi ozungulira, kuonetsetsa kuti zakudya zamagulu zimapatsa thanzi, kuchepetsa kupweteka ndi kutupa.
Malemba amatanthauza
Zosakaniza:
- adyo - mutu 1;
- mafuta a masamba - 200 mg.
Kukonzekera ndi ntchito
- Garlic kuwaza, kutsanulira mafuta.
- Ikani chidebecho ndi mafuta tincture m'malo amdima kwa sabata, nthawi zonse kugwedezeka.
- Tsukani mgwirizano wodwala usiku.
Gymnastics for arthrosis ya bondo limodzi
LFK ndi arthrosis ya mawondo a bondo amachitika pambuyo pochotsa kutupa kwakukulu ndi kuthetsa ululu waukulu. Masewera olimbitsa thupi ayenera kuchitidwa nthawi zonse, ndi tsiku liyenera kupatsidwa kwa mphindi 30-40, kugawa nthawiyi mu mphindi khumi. Machitidwe osankhidwa bwino a arthrosis a mawondo a bondo amathandiza kubwezeretsa kugawidwa kwa magazi, kulimbitsa minofu ndi mitsempha, kuimiritsa ntchito zogwirizana. Komanso, odwala ndi othandiza kuyenda, kusambira, njinga zamoto, pilates.
Bandage pa bondo ndi arthrosis
Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuvala malipiro apadera a mawondo a knee arthrosis, omwe amathandiza kutsimikizira malo oyenera a anatomical, kutsogolera kuyenda, kuteteza kutupa. Kuvala zinthu zoterezi ziyenera kukhala maola awiri mpaka 8 pa tsiku, kuvala musanachite masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungasankhire maondo a knee ya arthrosis ya bondo molondola, zomwe muyenera kufunsa katswiri. Mitundu ikhoza kukhala yotseguka, yotsekedwa ndi yosakanizidwa, yopangidwa ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, ali ndi kusiyana kosiyana.