Pansi pa mtima wa pulmonary mumamvetsetsa zizindikiro zovuta zomwe zimapezeka m'thupi labwino la mtima. Mpweya wotchedwa "ventricle" ndi atrium umakula ndi kukulitsidwa chifukwa cha kuchulukitsidwa kwachangu m'magawo ang'onoang'ono a makope, omwe amachititsidwa ndi matenda a mapapo ndi bronchi.
Mitundu yamtima yokonda
Malingana ndi momwe mawonetseredwe a chipatalachi amadziwonetsera mwamsanga, ndizozoloŵera kuzigawa:
- zovuta - zikumveka mwadzidzidzi, kwenikweni m'maola pang'ono;
- subacute - kuwonjezeka kwa zizindikiro za kuwonjezeka kwa ventricle yoyenera ndi atrium kumachitika mkati mwa masabata angapo;
- osachiritsika - zimachitika motsutsana ndi matenda akuluakulu a mpweya wozizira ndipo zimadzipangitsa kukhala m'miyezi ingapo kapena zaka zingapo.
Matenda a mtima opuma
Komanso, mawonekedwe osatha a etiology amagawidwa motere:
- Bronchopulmonary mawonekedwe. Zimayambira motsutsana ndi misomali yoyamba ya kupuma (emphysema, mphumu yowonongeka , obstructive bronchitis, pneumoconiosis, chifuwa chachikulu, etc.).
- Mawonekedwe amphamvu. Zimayamba chifukwa cha zotupa zamapirmoni (zotupa za m'mimba, mapuloteni a pulmonary, atherosclerosis ya mitsempha ya pulmonary, etc.).
- Thoracodiaphragmatic mawonekedwe. Zimayambitsa zilonda zapiritsi kapena chifuwa, zomwe zimasokoneza mpweya wabwino (kyphoscoliosis, poliomyelitis, kunenepa kwambiri, pneumosclerosis, etc.).
Posachedwapa, madokotala apeza kuti matenda odwala m'mimba mwabwino chifukwa cha pulmonary embolism (PE) akhala ochulukirapo, komanso odwala matenda a ischemic, vuto la mtima chifukwa cha rheumatism ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri ali pangozi.
Mtima wamapuloni wambiri
Kuwonjezereka kwadzidzidzi kumabweretsa:
- kupweteka kwakukulu kwa mphumu;
- valve pneumothorax;
- mkulu;
- chibayo chachikulu.
Mtima wamapulmoni umayamba mu mawonekedwe opatsirana, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kwa magulu ang'onoang'ono a nthambi za pulmonary chifukwa cha myasthenia gravis, botulism, lymphangitis, majeremusi, ndi zina zotero.
Zizindikiro za mtima wamapulumu zimayamba mwadzidzidzi mwa wodwala amene sanadandaulepo kale. Mu chifuwa, pali ululu, pali khungu lamoto, mpweya wochepa komanso wokondwa kwambiri. Mu mphindi zochepa kapena theka la ora, edema yamapine ndi vuto loopsya likuyamba. Pomwe wodwalayo akudwala, wodwalayo amamva kupweteka, mitsempha ya chiberekero imakula. Ngati wodwalayo sakuthandiza mwamsanga, matendawa amatha kupweteka. Wodwala amayamba kutsokomola ndi kupatukana kwa mimba ndi magazi, kuthamanga kwa mtima kukuwonjezeka, phokoso lakumveka limamveka pamapapo okhudzidwa.
Zisonyezero za mtima wokhudzana ndi mpweya zimakhala ndi kutaya, hemoptysis, kupuma kwafupipafupi, kutuluka kwafupipafupi.
Matenda a mtima opuma
Chizindikiro cha mawonekedwewa chikukula m'magawo awiri: kulipira ndi malipiro.
Pachiyambi choyamba, wodwala amanjenjemera ndi zizindikiro za matenda, ndipo pang'onopang'ono mbali yowongoka ya mtima ikuwonjezeka, yomwe imaphatikizapo kutuluka pamwamba pa mimba, kupuma pang'ono.
Pakati pa chiwonongeko cha mtima wam'mimba amamva kupweteka mu chifuwa, cyanosis (cyanosis), kutupa kwa mitsempha ya chiberekero, osati kutulutsa mpweya wokha, koma komanso kudzoza, kukulitsa chiwindi, palimodzi la edema.
Kuchiza kwa matenda a mtima wam'mimba
Mwachiwonekedwe chachikulu cha matenda a wodwalayo, nkofunikira kubwezeretsa ndi kuyambitsa minofu ya mtima, kutulutsa mpweya kapena kutulutsa mpweya. Pambuyo pake, opaleshoni kuchotsa thrombus, yomwe inatsegula mitsempha.
Pochiza matenda ammapirinati, amayesedwa pa chithandizo cha matendawa, komanso amatsutsana ndi zizindikiro pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opweteka, opaleshoni ya kupuma, glucocorticoids (ngati kulipira malipiro). Ndi kulephera kwa mtima kumapereka diuretics ndi glycosides.