Nthawi zina pamakhala zochitika ngati pakufunika kubzala chitsamba chachikulire cha mphesa kupita kumalo atsopano kapena ngakhale kutumiza kumalo ena. Zonsezi zimakhudza kwambiri zomera ndi momwe zimakhalira mutchire mutatha kutumizidwa ndi 50%.
Poonjezera mwayi wa mphesa kuti uzuke m'malo atsopano, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mphesa zazikulu mu kugwa kumalo ena. Ntchito yowonongeka yowonongeka imakhala yowonjezera kuchuluka kwa zamoyo za tchire.
Ndi mwezi uti umene ndiyenera kuika mphesa mu kugwa?
Ngati kalendalayi yatha kale mwezi wa September ndi autumn, ndiye kuti izi sizikutanthauza kuti mungayambe kukulitsa tchire la mphesa. Muyenera kuyembekezera kugwa kwa masamba, ndiko kuti, kuchepetsa kutaya kwa madzi mkati mwa chomera, ndipo atangoyamba kumene ntchitoyi.
Kawirikawiri kuziika mphesa za mphesa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October - kumayambiriro kwa November, koma ku madera osiyanasiyana ndi masiku osiyana zidzakhala zosiyana, chifukwa nyengo za nyengo sizili zofanana kulikonse. Nkofunika kuti asanayambe chisanu kumeneko, osachepera masabata atatu, ndiye kuti chitsamba chidzapulumuka nyengo yake yoyamba yozizira.
Kodi kusinthanitsa mphesa mu kugwa?
Pogwiritsa ntchito tcheru kwambiri, tiyenera kuika tchire zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri (5-7). Zitsamba pambuyo pa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri ziri bwino kuti zisayambe kusinthidwa chifukwa ziribe mwayi uliwonse wa moyo mutatha kuika. Potero, mu zomera zazing'ono, zinthu ziri bwinoko.
Chinthu choyamba kuchita ndi kukonzekera dzenje la mizu. Popeza iwo akukula ndi kukhala ndi dera lalikulu, kukula kwa dzenje kuyenera kukhala pafupi mita imodzi, ndipo kuya kwake kuli pafupi.
Pansi pa dzenje muyenera kuthira ndowe zingapo za ndowe ndi kuziphimba ndi nthaka kapena manyowa ndi humus. Kuonjezerapo, superphosphate (200 g), ammonium sulphate (100 g) ndi potaziyamu mchere (30 g) zimaphatikizidwa monga zinthu zowonjezera zitsamba. Mmalo mwa potaziyamu mchere, phulusa (200 g) lingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Manyowa onse amasakanizidwa ndi nthaka, yomwe idzadzazidwa ndi dzenje. Pamene manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mmalo mwa humus, mlingo wa mankhwala umachepetsedwa ndi theka.
Mukhoza kukumba mphesa ndi dothi la pansi kapena pang'onopang'ono ndi dothi, koma izi ndi zovuta mwakuthupi, ngakhale kuti chomera chotero sichisokoneza kwambiri. Kaŵirikaŵiri, nthaka imagwedezeka ndipo nthawi yomweyo imamvikira muzitsulo zopangidwa ndi dothi, mullein ndi manganese. Ngati chitsamba chiyenera kutengedwera, amakhalanso atakulungidwa mwamphamvu mu cellophane. Mizu yatsala zaka ziwiri 2-4, komanso mizu ya chaka chino,
Mizu imatsikira kudzenje, pang'onong'ono pang'ono, ndipo mizu yaying'ono ya chaka chino ili pafupi ndi pamwamba - monga momwe zilili m'chilengedwe. Nthaka yadzaza ndi magawo osiyana ndi nthawi yomweyo. Kwa kubzala kwadzinja, kuthirira sikufunika.
Pamwambapo, chitsamba chodzala kumene chatsopano chimadzazidwa ndi mtunda wa nthaka 20 cm, yomwe imateteza mizu ku kuzizira. Kumpoto, zida zowonjezera zingafunike. Nyengo ziwiri zotsatirazi sizingapereke chipatso kwa mphesa - ma inflorescences onse ayenera kudulidwa kuti mphamvu ifike pa rooting.