Matenda a tsabola wokoma ndikumenyana nawo

Chibulgaria lokoma tsabola ndi otchuka kwambiri ndi wamaluwa. Iye, monga masamba ambiri, amakhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Kuti musaphonye siteji yoyamba ndikukhala ndi nthawi yopewera matenda a zomera zambiri, muyenera kudziwa zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a tsabola komanso njira zolimbana nazo.

Matenda a tsabola wokoma ndi mankhwala

Matenda onse angathe kugawidwa m'magulu awiri, malinga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda.

Matenda a masamba ndi tsinde la tsabola

  1. Verticillium wilt.
  2. Fusarium wilt.
  3. Msolo wakuda.
  4. Kuwonongeka kochedwa.
  5. Powdery mildew.
  6. Cercosporosis.
  7. Mabakiteriya amawoneka.
  8. Chipatso cha tsamba la Ferniness kapena tsamba.
  9. Stolbur.

Zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimawoneka kuti matendawa akuwonekera ndi kubzala kwambiri, nyengo yozizira ndi kuthirira mochuluka. Ndicho chifukwa chake zimalimbikitsa, pamene zizindikiro zoyamba zimawonekera, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi, kupopera ndi kutsuka mabedi. Zokhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zomerazi ziyenera kuwonongedwa, ndipo ena onse amachizidwa ndi mankhwala. Pa matenda aliwonse amalangiza kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino kwambiri: Ndizomwe zimakhala zofiira - "Sewero", ndi zovuta zowonongeka - "Mzere", "Oxihom", 1% njira ya Bordeaux, yomwe ili ndi mabala - "Fundazol" , ndi powdery mildew - "Radomil Gold" .

Matenda a zipatso za tsabola

  1. Alternaria . Kuchokera kunja, zimatha kudziwika ndi maonekedwe a madontho aang'ono, koma makamaka matendawa amakhudza chipatso cha mkati. Tsabola omwe ali ndi matendawa ayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo zomera zokhazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi yankho la Bordeaux madzi (10 g pa 1 lita imodzi) kapena mkuwa chlorooxide (4 g pa lita imodzi).
  2. Grey kuvunda . KaƔirikaƔiri zimawonekera m'mabotchi chifukwa cha kutentha kwapamwamba. Zipatso zomwe zimakhudzidwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo chomerachocho chiyenera kuchiritsidwa ndi fungicide (Barrier, Rovral) kapena kuwaza phulusa.
  3. Vuto loyera . Pomwe zikuwoneka, ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndikuzithirira madzi okha ofunda. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti zipatso sizigwa pansi, mwinamwake dothi lidzatenga kachilombo, ndiyeno otsala otsala.
  4. Vertex zowola . Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino. Tsabola ndi zowola ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi kuchiritsidwa ndi shrub yankho calcium nitrate kapena mkaka wa laimu.

Kuwonjezera pa matenda omwe adatchulidwa, tsabola wa Chibulgaria ingakhudzidwe ndi tizirombo. Izi ndi izi:

Pofuna kuthana ndi tsabola, ndizofunika kuti musabzalidwe kuti muzitsatira: kuvaliranso mbeu ndikusamalira nthaka ndi njira yothetsera mankhwala.