Kuyambira kalelo, chifuwa chazimayi chimaonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha kubala ndi kubereka, ndipo izi ndizodabwitsa kwambiri, chifukwa cha cholinga chachikulu cha thupi - kupanga mkaka komanso kudyetsa mwana wakhanda.
Kusamala kwakukulu kumaperekedwa kwa mammary gland mu anthu amasiku ano, koma osati poona momwe ntchito yake ikuyendera, komanso pokhudzana ndi kulingalira mwachidwi ndi moyo wogonana. Gawo lomaliza la chidwi cha anthu omwe si amuna kapena akazi anzawo, tidzasowa, ndipo tidzakambirana za momwe chikhalidwe cha amayi chiliri ndi ntchito zake.
Maonekedwe a m'mawere
Gulu la mammary ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zolimbitsa thupi za ukazi ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zobwereza zachiwerewere. Chiwalocho chiri patsogolo pa chifuwa m'dera la nthiti yachitatu ndi yachisanu ndi chiwiri. Maonekedwe ake ndi kukula kwake ndizokha kwa mkazi aliyense, komabe, mkati mwake ndi mchitidwe wake wa chifuwa ndi chimodzimodzi kwa onse, kuphatikizapo amuna.
Cholinga chachikulu cha chifuwa cha mayi ndi alveolus, chomwe chimayambitsa mkaka. Maonekedwe ake, alveolus amafanana ndi chovala mkati mwake chomwe chimayikidwa ndi lactocyte - maselo osakanikirana, kunja ali ozunguzidwa ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha ndi mitsempha yopereka.
Kupeza alveoli mu zidutswa 30 mpaka 80 kupanga mawonekedwe, omwe amapanga ndi kupanga ma lobes. Monga lamulo, pali magawo pafupifupi 20 mu kapangidwe ka chifuwa chachikazi, chomwe chili pafupi ndi msomali. Zigawo zochepa zogonana zimaperekedwa pakati pa ma lobes ndi zigawo. Gawo lirilonse liri ndi kayendedwe kake, ena a iwo akuphatikizidwa kukhala amodzi ndipo amalumikizana mwachindunji ku pore ya mkaka yomwe ili mu nkhono.
Nkhumbayi ndi kachilombo kakang'ono kozungulira, kamene kakunguliridwa ndi asola ndi madigiri asanu mpaka asanu. Mbali izi za m'mawerezi zawonjezera khungu lamatenda. Nkhuku imathandiza kwambiri popereka mwana.
Maonekedwe ndi kukula kwa chiberekero cha mammary ndi chiŵerengero cha kugwirizanitsa ndi minofu yonyamulira, imene imakhalanso ndi dongosolo lake. Izi zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri, motero malinga ndi zifukwa zambiri, maonekedwe a m'mawere amatha kusintha. Zigawo zimatha kudalira zaka, mahomoni, maonekedwe, chiwerengero cha kubadwa koyamba ndi mimba, komanso nthawi yopatsa.
Mbali za chitukuko cha m'mawere
Anakhazikitsa mfundo yakuti kuika liwalo kumachitika pothandizira intrauterine . Poyambirira, mtundu wa mawere ndi wofanana kwa amuna ndi akazi. Komabe, pokhudzana ndi malamulo athunthu omwe amapezeka m'mawere ndi mahomoni, kukula kwake mu theka lolimba kuli koletsedwa, ndipo atsikana, atatha msinkhu wina, chitukuko choyamba chikuyamba. Zowonjezereka, chiberekero cha mammary mwa amayi chimayamba kukula mwamsanga paunyamata:
- pali nthambi za mkaka wa mkaka;
- lactocytes akukula;
- chiwerengero cha malembo ndi lobes chimawonjezeka;
- minofu yodziwika bwino ndi mafuta owonjezera;
- zikopa za mbozi ndi asola zimatchulidwa kwambiri.
Pakatha nthawiyi, mawere a msungwanawo amakhala okonzeka ndipo amakonzekera kukwaniritsa cholinga chawo.
Chiberekero mimba
Kawirikawiri, kusintha kumeneku kumachitika pachifuwa, choyamba dziwitsani mayi wamtsogolo za vuto lake. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa mammary gland mpaka pang'ono kusintha kwa mahomoni, zomwe zimayambitsa njira yokonzekera kupanga mkaka.
Gulu la mammary ndilo lovuta kwambiri la chiberekero cha amayi, lokhala ndi chikhalidwe chosiyana, limalimbikitsa mkazi aliyense kuti amvetsetse kusintha komwe kumachitika mmenemo.