Lyell's Syndrome

Matenda a Lyell (dzina lachiwiri ndi matenda a Stevens-Johnson) ndi oopsa kwambiri, omwe amawonetseredwa muchitetezo ndi imfa ya khungu lapamwamba, komanso kuledzera kwa thupi lonse chifukwa cha zomwe zikuchitika. Matenda a Lyell akuonedwa kuti ndi ovuta kwambiri pambuyo pa anaphylactic chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chochokera ku hypersensitivity ya munthu ku zinthu zina. Matenda a Lyell, omwe amatchedwa "poizoni epidermal necrolysis", anayamba kufotokozedwa mu 1956, koma mpaka pano palibe mgwirizano pakati pa zamankhwala ponena za kuyamba kwa matendawa.

Zifukwa za Lyell's Syndrome

Nthaŵi zambiri, matenda a Lyell amayamba ngati zovuta:

• mutatha kumwa mankhwala (antibiotics, sulfonamides, etc.), zakudya zowonjezera zakudya komanso mavitamini okonzekera;
• ndi matenda a staplocloccal;
• chifukwa cha kusintha kwa machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi pamene chamoyo chimalimbikitsidwa ndi matenda kuphatikizapo zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Nthawi zina sizingatheke kukhazikitsa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli, koma, monga momwe akatswiri amanenera, gulu loopsya likuphatikizapo anthu akuvutika:

• dermatitis;
• pollinoses;
• chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu .

Zizindikiro za Lyell's Syndrome

Nthendayi imayambira kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 40 kapena kuposa. Pachifukwa ichi, wodwalayo akudwala ululu waukulu ndi ululu wa diso. Kuthamanga ndi kutsegula m'mimba kumatchulidwa. Pakapita kanthawi, mphutsi imapezeka pakhungu, mofanana ndi chimfine cha chikuku ndi chofiira, limodzi ndi kuyabwa kapena zowawa. Choyamba, madontho ochititsa chidwi kwambiri amapezeka m'madera omwe amapezeka m'magulu a inguinal komanso m'mbali mwa mapepala a axillary, kenaka amayamba kugwira ntchito yonse ya thupi.

Mbali yeniyeni ya matenda a Lyell ndikuteteza khungu la khungu ngakhale ngakhale pang'ono pang'ono ndi khungu la wodwalayo. Izi zimatsegula maonekedwe a magazi ambiri. M'malo a kanyengo, kumapangika mavuvu, omwe atseguka, amasonyeza malo akuluakulu ndi serous exudate. Matenda achiwiri omwe amayenda amachititsa kuti kutuluka kwa nthaka kutuluke, komwe kumapangitsa fungo losasangalatsa la thupi. Mphuno ya m'kamwa, maso ndi ziwalo zimayambanso kusintha. Choopsa chachikulu ku thanzi ndi moyo chikuyimiridwa ndi:

• kuperewera kwa madzi m'thupi;
• chowopsa toxicosis;
• kutentha kwa thupi;
• kuphwanya kwa mtima;
• leukocytosis ndi zotheka kukula kwa agranulocytosis ndi pancytopenia;
• kugwa mu coma.

Kuchiza kwa Lyell's Syndrome

Ngati pali zizindikiro za matenda, muyenera kutchula ambulansi yomweyo. Wodwala akuyikidwa mu chipinda cholandirira kwambiri kapena chipangizo chodziletsa kwambiri. Zomwe zimakhala panthawi yomweyo zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe zimapangidwa kwa odwala omwe amawotcha ndi chisanu. Chofunikira chachikulu cha chisamaliro ndi chithandizo ndizochepa. Gulu la mankhwala mu Lyell matenda ndi awa:

1. Kuthetsedwa kwa mankhwala onse ogwiritsidwa ntchito musanafike chitukuko cha matenda.
2. Glucocorticosteroids akulamulidwa.
3. Kuwopsa kwa mazira kumapangidwa ndi mafuta a masamba ndi vitamini A.
4. Saline ndi colloidal solutions akulimbikitsidwa kuti abweretse madzi omwe ataya thupi.
5. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
6. Pogwirizana ndi matenda achiwiri, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi antibiotics amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Panthaŵi yake komanso molondola chithandizo cha mankhwala amathandizira mwamsanga kuti kuchira kwa wodwala ali ndi matenda a Lyell.