Lidocaine ndi mankhwala a anesthesia akumeneko. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita maopaleshoni, othandizira komanso opatsirana pogonana, ndipo monga maziko a maantibayotiki, mwachitsanzo lidocaine akhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi cefazolin. Kukonzekera kumapangidwa mu maulendo angapo, koma nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yothetsera.
Chizindikiro ndi mankhwala a lidocaine
Lidocaine kwa jekeseni amagulitsidwa mu ampoules. Zimathandiza poletsa kutsekemera kwa mitsempha, kutseka njira za sodium m'mitsempha ndi mitsempha, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa jekeseni ya subcutaneous kapena intramuscular, instiation into sac conjunctival kapena mankhwala mucosal.
Pogwiritsa ntchito lidocaine, mukhoza kumakhala ndi ziwalo za thupi kwa maminitsi 75, ndipo kuphatikizapo epinephrine anesthesia akhoza kukhala oposa maora awiri. Lidocaine ndi mapulogalamu am'deralo amatsitsa ziwiyazo, koma sizikukhumudwitsa zotsatira zake.
Kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni, mano opanga ma mano, urology, ophthalmology, gynecology ndi otolaryngology. Kusakaniza lidocaine ndi madzi a jekeseni, mungachite:
- Mankhwala otchedwa anesthesia a mucous membrane (mwachitsanzo, bronchoscopy );
- kupweteka kwachisawawa panthawi ya opaleshoni;
- anesthesia wa mitsempha yambiri (mwachitsanzo, ndi opaleshoni ya nthambi);
- Kutsekedwa kwa mitsempha ya mitsempha (lumbar, shoulder, etc.);
- nthendayi yamphongo komanso yamphongo.
Mlingo ndi lidocaine
Mababu a lidocaine ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Mlingo wa mankhwalawa ndiwodziwika, koma kwenikweni osapitirira 200 mg ya 2% yothetsera vutoli amatengedwa kuti apitirize kupweteka kwambiri, osapitirira 60 mg kupweteka kwa makutu, mphuno ndi zala - osapitirira 6 madontho kuti athandizidwe.
Ngati anesthesia ndi yofunika kwa mwana, mlingo wake wonse usadutse 3 mg wa lidocaine pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwake kwa mwana. Ngati mukufuna kulowa mlingo waukulu wa mankhwala, musanalole kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwala.
Kodi mungamange bwanji maantibayotiki ndi lidocaine?
Mankhwala ena, ngakhale ndi mitundu yochepa ya matendawa, ayenera kuperekedwa mwakabisira kunyumba kapena kuchipatala. Mankhwalawa akuphatikizapo cefotaxime, ndipo ayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi lidocaine musanagwiritsidwe ntchito. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti jekeseni la mankhwala osokoneza bongo la mankhwalawa limapweteka kwambiri. Pa cholinga chomwecho, lidocaine amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza leftriaxone . Madzi a jekeseni amagwiritsidwa ntchito poswana, popeza mankhwala osachiritsika popanda iwo akhoza kutaya katundu wawo pang'ono. Mankhwala amodzi amatsitsidwa muyezo woyenera waumunthu nthawi yomweyo asanayambe ntchito.
Zotsutsana ndi ntchito ya lidocaine
Musanayambe kumwa mankhwala opha tizilombo kapena jekeseni lidocaine, muyenera kuyesa kuti mumvetsetse mankhwala. Odwala omwe amapanga edema kapena matendawa amaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Lidocaine amatsutsananso pamene:
- atrioventricular block 2 ndi madigiri 3;
- choyimitsa;
- kulephera kwa mtima kwa madigiri 2 ndi 3;
- kusokonezeka kwa mtima;
- chowopsa;
- choyimitsa chamkati cha mtima;
- myasthenia gravis;
- porphyria;
- mimba;
- anafotokozera ziwalo zonyansa kapena zozizwitsa;
- glaucoma;
- hypovolemia.
Lidocaine mu ampoules sizothandiza kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi phenytoin ndi rifampicin, monga mankhwalawa amachepetsa mphamvu zake. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi cimetidine, aymalin, verapamil, amiodarone ndi procainamide, chifukwa amachulukitsa chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo.