Kupewa matenda opatsirana - mitundu yonse ndi njira zotetezera ku matenda

Kupewa matenda opatsirana, monga lamulo, ndi kosavuta. Komabe, njira zosavuta zochepetsera zimathandiza kupewa mavuto aakulu, chifukwa matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi ovuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza.

Mitundu ya matenda opatsirana

Mu mankhwala, mtundu wa matenda opatsirana umapangidwa ndi mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuchokera ku izi, matenda amapezeka:

1. Viral. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timatha kuyambitsa matenda aakulu. Zimayambitsa chimfine ndipo nthawi zina zimawongolera kukula kwa zotupa.
2. Bakiteriya. Mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya ndi ofunikira kuti thupi liziyenda bwino, koma palinso mitundu yoopsa. Zotsatirazi zimayambitsa matenda a malo osiyana ndi okhwima kwambiri. Chifukwa cha iwo, mwachitsanzo, zingakhale zofunikira kuteteza matenda a meningococcal.
3. Chlamydia. Izi ndi mabakiteriya omwe angathe kuyamba kukana mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zimayambitsa kutupa kwa njira ya urogenital, mapapo, trachoma.
4. Mycoplasmal. Mabakiteriya oterewa alibe makoma, koma akhoza kuwononga kwambiri kupuma kapena urogenital.
5. Rickettsial. Pali mitundu yambiri ndipo imayambitsa matenda aakulu.
6. Matenda. Mabakiteriya othamanga kwambiri omwe ali mbali ya zomera zamtundu wathanzi, koma amatha kupanga syphilis, typhoid, leptospirosis.
7. Mycosis. Matenda oterewa amachititsa bowa.
8. Prototic. Zapangidwira chifukwa cha ntchito yofunikira ya majeremusi amtunduwu - amoebae, lamblia, balantidium.
9. Helminthic. Matenda oterewa amapezeka chifukwa cha mphutsi zomwe zimakhala m'mimba, koma zimakhudzanso mapapo, ubongo, chiwindi.

Njira zothetsera matenda opatsirana

Alipo ambiri mwa iwo. Njira zazikulu zopewa matenda opatsirana ndi awa:

1. Katemera. Pambuyo poyambitsa mankhwala a antigenic mu thupi, kukana kwake tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumakula.
2. Katemera. Izi ndiziteteza ku matenda onse opatsirana. Zimathandizira kulimbikitsa chitetezo chokwanira komanso kumayambitsa kudya kwa vitamini complexes, zakudya zathanzi, kutsatira malamulo ofunika.
3. Kusungulumwa kwa odwala.
4. Chemoprophylaxis. Kupewa matenda oterewa kumachitika kuti athetse kubereka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikupewa kubwereza kapena zovuta za matendawa.

Kupewa kwenikweni matenda

Chofunika kwambiri cha njirayi ndi kulenga chitetezo cha thupi. Miyeso yeniyeni yopewa matendawa imaphatikizapo kuberekana kwa masoka omwe amayambitsa thupi pamene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tilowa mmenemo. Iwo amabwera mu mitundu itatu:

1. Ogwira ntchito. Kupewa kotereku kumaphatikizapo kumayambitsa katemera ndi amoyo, koma ofooka kapena ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chifukwa cha izi, chitetezo chimayamba kutulutsa antibodies. Kukula kwa kukana kwa zamoyo kungatenge masabata 3 mpaka 4.
2. Osasamala. Kawirikawiri imachitika pa matenda, pamene palibe nthawi yodikirira zotsatira za katemera. Kutsekemera kwachangu kukonza matenda opatsirana poyambirira mu chiwalo cha ma antibodies okonzeka kale.
3. Zochita-zosasintha. Kusakaniza kwa mitundu iwiri ya njira zothandizira zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa. Thupi la wodwalayo limayambitsidwa ndi katemera, ndi seramu yomwe imakhala ndi ma antibodies. Otsatira samakhala nthawi yayitali, koma masabata ochepa amatha kuyamba kupanga chitetezo cha chitetezo.

Kupewa kwambiri matenda

Ndizovuta zochitika zomwe zimakhudza kufala kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kupewa kwambiri matenda opatsirana ndi awa:

• kuyendetsa nthawi zonse malo;
• kusamba manja;
• kupewa malo a makamu ambiri;
• kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoteteza;
• kuumitsa ;
• kuwonjezeka kwa chitetezo chonse.

Kupewa matenda ovuta opatsirana kumaphatikizanso ndikupatulira - ndondomeko yowonetsera kuchepetsa kukhudzana kwa anthu odwala ndi odwala. Kuchuluka kwake ndi nthawi yake kumasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa matenda, kuchuluka kwake. Malamulo okhawo omwe amachititsa matenda onsewa ndi quarantine pokhapokha patatha nthawi yaitali kuti matendawa athake pambuyo poti wodwala wotsirizayo adatha.

Kupewa koopsa kwa matenda

Njira yotetezera imeneyi ndi zovuta zamankhwala zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV. Kupewa kwadzidzidzi kusamalidwa kwa matenda opatsirana kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha mutangoyambira mkati mwa woyambitsa mu thupi ndi cholinga chochenjeza chitukuko chake. Zichitika:

• ambiri (osasamala);
• enieni.

Chotsatiracho chimachitika pambuyo pa mtundu wa matenda omwe atha kukhazikitsidwa ndipo kumvetsetsa kwa mankhwala kumatsimikiziridwa. Mofananamo ndi mankhwala enaake, odwala nthawi zambiri amalembedwa antihistamines ndi immunomodulators . Kupewa kwadzidzidzi kosavuta, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga:

• Rifampicin;
• Tetracycline;
• Doxycycline;
• Sulfaton.

Matenda akuluakulu opatsirana komanso kupewa

Malingana ndi njira zothandizira anthu, ndizozoloŵera kuzindikira magulu oterewa:

• kufalitsidwa ndi njira yamakamwa;
• m'malovu;
• kupyolera mu vector;
• mwa kukhudzana ndi magazi oipitsidwa;
• njira yothandizira.

Magulu akuluakulu opatsirana - machitidwe awo ndi kupewa - amalamulidwa pa msinkhu wa boma. Ngati ndizofunikira, pakadwala matenda, katemera amaperekedwa kwa anthu, chitetezo ndi kuteteza chilengedwe chimaperekedwa. Pazoopsa kwambiri, odwala sangaperekedwe ndi mankhwala okha, komanso amathandizidwe ndi anthu, ogwira ntchito kapena othandizira.

Kupewa Zachiwerewere

Njira zothandizira ndizosavuta. Kupewa kachilombo ka HIV ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana akutsatira malamulo awa:

1. Pa kugonana, makondomu ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse.
2. Mmodzi ayenera kuyesetsa kupewa zolakwika zogonana ndi kusankha pakati pa kugonana.
3. Onse awiri ayenera kutsatira malamulo a ukhondo.

Njira zowonongeka za kupewa kachilombo ka HIV ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana ayenera kutengedwa mwamsanga atangogonana popanda kondomu ndi wokondedwa kapena pamene kulera kwachinyengo kuli kovuta. Njira yovomerezeka kwambiri imatanthauza:

• Bwenzi;
• Miramistin;
• Chlorhexidine.

Kuteteza matenda opatsirana m'mimba

Zotsatira zoopsa za matenda zikhoza kutetezedwa ngati zidziwike m'kupita kwa nthawi, koma n'zosavuta kupewa matenda. Kupewa matenda opatsirana m'mimba ndi awa:

1. Kusankhidwa kwa chakudya kuyenera kuyandikira mosamala. Musagule chakudya m'malo okayikira.
2. Chakudyacho chiyenera kuphikidwa bwino. Musanyalanyaze chithandizo cha kutentha.
3. Malamulo onse osungirako zakudya ayenera kuwonedwa.
4. Zakudya zoyenera ziyenera kudyedwa atangophika. Apo ayi, pamene kuzizira, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timachulukamo.
5. Musanadye, muyenera kusamba m'manja.
6. Kuphika ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi oyera okha.

Kuteteza matenda a enterovirus

Njira zothandizira zimakhala zofanana ndi kupewa matenda opatsirana m'mimba. Mmene mungapewere matenda a rotavirus :

1. Imwani madzi oyeretsa okha kapena owiritsa.
2. Bonthe m'malo omwe amavomerezedwa ndi malo osungirako mankhwala komanso odwala matenda, koma ngakhale pano sikoyenera kumeza madzi.
3. Ndi zofunika kuti aliyense m'banja ndi kampani azikhala ndi mbale zawo zokha.
4. Pakhomo pamafunika kukonza konyowa nthawi zonse ndi kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
5. Pa matenda, muyenera kupeŵa malo okhala ndi anthu ambiri, ndipo ngati muli ndi zodandaula nthawi yomweyo pitani kwa katswiri.

Kuteteza matenda opatsirana

Njira yothandiza kupewa matendawa ndi katemera. Kuonjezera apo, mungadziteteze ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mwa kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, kukonzekera tsiku lanu bwino, kulimbitsa chitetezo, kupeŵa kuyanjana ndi anthu odwala komanso malo ochezera anthu ambiri pakadwala, ndikuwona malamulo onse okhudza ukhondo.

Kupewa matenda opatsirana ndi nosocomial

Ogwira ntchito azachipatala ayenera kutsatira mosamala zoyenera zonse zaukhondo komanso zaukhondo. Kupewa matenda opatsirana pogonana kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito antchito apamwamba kwambiri, mankhwala ovomerezeka ovomerezeka. Zochita zonse ndi odwala ziyenera kuchitika mu magolovesi ndi masikiti. Kodi mungapewe bwanji matenda opatsirana? Wogwira ntchito kuchipatala aliyense ayenera katemera ku matenda monga diphtheria, hepatitis B, fuluwenza ndi ena.