Imodzi mwa matenda oopsa kwambiri, omwe amachititsa kusintha kosasinthika mu minofu ya bronchi ndi m'munsi mwa mapapo, imatengedwa kuti bronchoectatic matenda. Matenda a chifuwa sali chifukwa cha zitsulo zina za kupuma, zimachitika mu magawo atatu ndipo n'zovuta kuchiza.
Zizindikiro za bronchiectasis
Pambuyo pa matenda ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa awonongeke, palibe zizindikiro zenizeni za matendawa, kupatulapo zida zochepa za chifuwa.
Ngati matendawa akuwonjezeka (siteji yowonongeka ndi zovuta) zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikupezeka:
- ululu mu chifuwa panthawi ya kudzoza;
- chifuwa ndi kulekana kwa purulent mucus, makamaka atagona usiku;
- hemoptysis;
- Kusintha kwa chifuwa (mawonekedwe a mbiya);
- Sinthani maonekedwe a zala (ngati zidutswa) ndi misomali (convex, ngati galasi paulonda).
Kuzindikira kwa bronchiectasis
Kuzindikira za matenda sikovuta:
- kuyesa kafukufuku wambiri pomvetsera kupuma kudzera phonendoscope;
- kusonkhanitsa uthenga ndi anamnesis;
- kafukufuku wamkulu wa ma laboratory;
- Kusanthula mfuti (chikhalidwe cha bakiteriya);
- kuyesa magazi kochuluka.
Mudzafunikanso:
- fibrobronchoscopy;
- Kufufuza X m'zifuwa za zifuwa;
- bronchography ndi osiyana;
- computed tomography (multi-axis).
Pazochitika zovuta kwambiri za matenda kapena kukhalapo kwa mavuto, kuyankhulana kwa pulmonologist kungakonzedwe.
Chithandizo cha matenda a bronchoectatic lung
Choyamba, njira zothandizira zimapereka chithandizo cha bronchi kuchokera mu ntchentche ndi purulent sputum.
Njira zopanda pake ndizo:
- kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zothandizira expectoration;
- malo osambira;
- chifuwa minofu ndi vibration;
- kupuma kupuma.
Mankhwala:
- acetylcysteine (ATSTS Long);
- Ambroxol ;
- Bromhexine;
- Dwalitsani.
Maantibayotiki amaperekedwa mogwirizana ndi zotsatira za matenda a bacteriological inoculation komanso mphamvu ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ku zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala. Ndibwino kuti tigwiritse ntchito 2-3 zokonzekera zochitika zambiri.
Mmene thupi limakhalira panthawi ya madzi akudalira zimadalira mbali ya mapapo omwe kutupa kumachitika. Njirayi iyenera kuchitika kasachepera 2 patsiku pansi pa kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.
Kuonjezerapo, mapapu akhoza kutsukidwa mwachindunji ndi madzi ndikutsata mankhwala m'chifuwa.
Mphamvu yapamwamba imaperekedwa kudzera mwa opaleshoni, yomwe ingakhale ikuchitika kuyambira zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri mpaka zaka 40.
Chithandizo cha bronchoectatic matenda ndi mankhwala ochiritsira
Malamulo osagwirizana nawo amalingaliridwa ngati njira zowonjezera, ngakhale momwe ntchito zawo zowonjezera sizingathetseretu vutoli.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kumatanthauza:
- Tengani madzi atsopano a plantain ndi uchi wachirengedwe (mofanana nawo).
- Musanagone ndimamwa galasi la Icelandic moss.
- Kamodzi patsiku, imwani 200 ml mkaka wopangidwa ndi moto wotentha (wophika) ndi supuni ya mafuta a abambo. M'malo mwa saladi yamagetsi, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ena - nkhumba, mbuzi kapena chimbalangondo.
- Usanayambe kudya 15 ml ya yankho la uchi wakuda ndi uchi wamaluwa (kuchuluka kwa 2: 1).
- Mosasamala nthawi ya chakudya, imwani supuni 1 ya mpiru ya mpiru (mwatsopano), maulendo 5-6 pa tsiku.
Zovuta za bronchiectasis
Zotsatira za matendawa ndi kusintha kwa fibrous mu matenda a bronchi ndi mapapo, komanso:
- stable atelectasis;
- magazi;
- aspergilloma;
- abscessing.