Mavuto a mtima ndi mitsempha ndizofala kwambiri pa matenda omwe alipo. Zida zambiri zakhala zikukonzedwa kuti zithetse nawo, zomwe zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri. Awa ndiwo mankhwala a zitsamba omwe amasankha bwino ntchito za mtima.
Cardiac glycoside - ndi chiyani?
Chigawo ichi chiripo mu zomera zambiri. Chofunika kwambiri cha zinthu zimenezi ndi cholinga chowonjezera kukula kapena kuchepa kwa mtima wa munthu pogwiritsa ntchito kachipatala. Ngati vuto la mtima wa mtima silokwanira, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amachulukitsa chigwiridwe cha matenda a sitiroko, amachepetsa kupanikizika kwa mitsempha ndi kuyimitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Glycosides a mtima amaphatikizapo mankhwala:
- Adonid;
- Korglikon;
- Dikogsin;
- -Cardiolen;
- -Herbion;
- Lantozide;
- Celanide.
Zisonyezo ndi zotsutsana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito glycosides
Zigawozi zikuphatikizidwa mu chithandizo cholimbana ndi matenda otere:
- kuperewera kwa mtima (kovuta komanso kosatha);
- kupweteka kwa myocardial dystrophy;
- zofooka za mtima, kuphatikizapo kubereka;
- posakhalitsa cardiosclerosis;
- tachycardia.
Ma glycosides sagwira bwino ntchito ya cardiomyopathy, aortic insufficiency, myocarditis ndi thyrotoxicosis.
Glycosides a mtima amatsutsana. Musagwiritse ntchito pazifukwa zotsatirazi:
- ndi subaortic stenosis;
- atrioventricular blockade ya digiri ya 2;
- sinus bradycardia;
- pokhala kusagwirizana kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala;
- ndi matenda a Wolff-Parkinson;
- akudwala matenda opatsirana pogonana.
Zotsutsana zotsutsana zikuphatikizapo:
- mtima wamatsenga;
- amyloidosis wa minofu ya mtima;
- mtima;
- kupweteka kwa myocardial mu malo ovuta;
- magazi;
- pericarditis yokhazikika.
Amayi am'mawa ndi amayi omwe akulera bwino ayenera kugwiritsira ntchito glycosides mosamala, chifukwa amangozizira mosavuta pamtunda mpaka kufika pamimba.
Kuwonjezera pa ma glycosides a mtima
Pambuyo pake, phatikizani izi ndizo mankhwala ambiri, ziyenera kufufuzidwa ndi dokotala. Ndipotu, zomwe zimachitika ku mankhwala a thupi lililonse ndizokhaokha. Kupha poizoni kwa nthawi yaitali sikudziwonekera. Komabe, patapita maola angapo, zizindikiro zoyamba zimayamba kuonekera:
- chisokonezo;
- kusanza;
- kugona;
- kufooka.
Kuwonjezera nthawi yochulukirapo kumakhala kovuta kuti mudziwe chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo pang'ono pang'onopang'ono ndi zizindikiro zingapo mwadzidzidzi. Pano, kuwonjezera pa matenda a m'mimba, kuchepa kwachinsinsi, kuwonongeka, mavuto a masomphenya, kusokonezeka maganizo, kuoneka kwa matenda a mtundu.
Komanso tifunikira kuzindikira zizindikiro zotere za overdose ya glycosides mtima:
- kuphwanya malamulo a magazi;
- liwiro;
- kuchepetsa mkodzo;
- arrhythmia (ventricular, atrial);
- kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso;
- mutu.
Kuchiza kwa mtima wa glycoside poizoni
Mukapeza zizindikiro zoyamba za kumwa mowa, muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala, nadzatsuka m'mimba ndi kumwa malasha. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mankhwala odzola, okonzedwa pamaziko a mchere.
Wodwala ali ndi shuga (3 magalamu pa lita imodzi) kapena potaziyamu chloride (4 gm 10% yothetsera). M'tsogolomu, wodwalayo amapatsidwa 1 gramu katatu patsiku.
Pa milandu yowopsa kwambiri, jekeseni yopweteka ya lidocaine 100 ml ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka madzi.
Pofuna kuteteza poizoni, muyenera:
- Tsatirani malangizo onse a dokotala.
- Sungani bwino glycosides ndi mankhwala ena oyenera.
- Onetsetsani ECG (makamaka maonekedwe a masinthidwe ndi kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi ya PQ).
- Tengani zakudya za potassium (banki, apricots zouma, mbatata mu yunifolomu).