Aquarium primer ndi lamulo lofunikira la kusankha ndi kukonzekera

Dothi la Aquarium limatchedwa gawo la zamoyo, zomwe ndi zofunika kuti tikhale ndi mtundu uliwonse wa nsomba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe a madzi ambiri panyumba: monga chinthu chokhazikika, sikofunikira kuposa madzi kapena chakudya. Mu nthaka yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imapezeka m'masitolo, zimakhala zovuta kutayika kwa wogula popanda chidziwitso.

Kodi mukusowa nthaka mu aquarium?

Chifukwa cha zovuta zambiri za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mtengo ndi gawo losiyana la gawo lapansi mu mwiniwake wa pakhomo, pakhoza kukhala chinyengo champhamvu chakuti munthu akhoza kuchita popanda izo konse. Kuti mumvetse chifukwa chake mukufunikira choyambira chopatsa thanzi ku aquarium, mndandanda wa ntchito zake zidzakuthandizani:

• kuthandizana mwachindunji mu moyo wa malo osambira pansi pa madzi;
• Kukonzekera kwa kayendedwe ka chilengedwe cha aquarium;
• kulimbikitsa mizu ya zomera, mitundu yomwe imatha kukhala pansi;
• kupeza aquarium hydrophytes yovuta mavitamini ndi mchere;
• kupereka malo okhala ndi nsomba, ozolowereka kukumba nthaka ya aquarium;
• zojambula bwino;
• Nyumba yosungirako zachilengedwe za caviar.

Kodi ndizomwe mungasankhe pa aquarium?

Masamba osiyanasiyana masiku ano amatha kuwona m'sitolo yogula kwambiri. Pofuna kukongoletsera katundu, munthu sayenera kunyalanyaza zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa chilengedwe. Kuti mudziwe momwe mungasankhire choyambira cha aquarium, mungathe, ngati mukutsatira ndondomeko zotsatirazi za akatswiri:

1. Kufotokozedwa kwa chiwerengero cha porosity mlingo wa zipangizo. Substrate yojambulidwa salola madzi kudutsa ndipo mwamsanga imakhala yakuda.
2. Lembani mndandanda wa nsomba ndi zomera zomwe zingathe kukhalamo. Kusagwirizana kungakhale koopsa kwa anthu ozindikira.
3. Kusankha zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe sizilimbana. Ngati zigawo zazikulu zimasankhidwa monga zokutira tsiku, zikhoza kuvulaza nsomba zing'onozing'ono. Pofuna kuwaletsa, gawo lapansi la nthaka ya aquarium kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
4. Kuwonetsa zotsatira za madzi. Kwa mitundu yosiyana ya nthaka, mlingo wa ph-chigawo cha ph-choyambitsa cha acidity ya madzi chimasiyana. Marble, limestone, dolomite ndi sandstone amaonedwa kuti ndi ovuta motere.

Nkhumba yakuda ya aquarium

Chipangizo chamtundu chakuda chili chonse, chifukwa pamtunda pake zinthu zonse zokongoletsa zimawoneka bwino. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zinthu zonse zazikulu ndi zazing'ono. Mthunziwu uli ndi chiyambi cha zomera mu aquarium, zopangidwa ndi zipangizo monga:

1. Quartz yakuda. Ziri mtengo, chifukwa zimatengedwa ngati mwala wamtengo wapatali ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukira kuti atsimikizire kutchuka kwa mwiniwake wa aquarium kusiyana ndi phindu la okhalamo.
2. Zovuta zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chakuti imapanga mphamvu yamaginito komanso mpumulo wabwino, madzi otchedwa hydrophyte osatha m'nyanja amakula bwino. Mu thanki yomwe ili nayo, ngakhale shrimp amakhala limodzi mwangwiro.
3. Shungite. Ndilipira mtengo wowerengetsera, nthawi zambiri amanyengerera. Mitengo yonse yomwe imapezeka m'madzi komanso m'mlengalenga kuchokera ku shungite yakhala ikuzungulira.
4. Basalt. Kuchokera kwake kumatuluka m'madzi mutatha miyezi 2-3 yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Pambuyo pake, basalt imakhala imvi ndikuyamba kuipitsa madzi.

Choyambirira cha Quartz kwa aquarium

Mtundu wa quartz wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madzi ozizira kapena ozizira. Ndizovuta kuti izi zisapangitse kuuma kwa madzi ndipo zimatsukidwa mosavuta ndi siphon. Zomera, ngati chiyembekezero chikuyembekezeredwa, chidzafuna mtundu wosachepera umodzi wa vitaminized. Quartz ya Primer ya aquarium ili ndi minuses yambiri:

• kusokoneza nsomba zozizira;
• gawo labwino kwambiri la mchenga wa quartz;
• Zotsutsana ndi chitukuko cha zomera ndi mizu yambiri.

Choyambirira cha aquarium - mchenga

Mchenga ndi wotchipa, choncho ukhoza kusinthidwa nthawi zambiri kuposa quartz kapena shungite. Sikuti ndi poizoni, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale gawo labwino la zamoyo zomwe zimakhala ndi nsomba zochepa komanso zochepa. Nthaka yabwino kwambiri ya mchere wa mchenga ndi imodzi mwa mitundu monga:

1. Mtsinje. Ikhoza kutchulidwa mumtsinje, kudula ma particles kupyolera mu sieves awiri osiyana ndi mabowo.
2. Madzi. Amakololedwa m'matanthwe a coral ndipo amapangidwa m'maphukusi popanda kuyanika, zomwe zimateteza tizilombo tokha.
3. Mdima. Izi zimaphatikizapo mchenga kuchokera ku magnetite, ilmenite ndi hematite. Zimapangidwa ndi kukonzanso miyala yazing'ono za quartz.
4. White aragonite. Mitundu ya zidutswa za mollusks ndi corals. Zonsezi zimakhudza kuuma kwa madzi, zomwe zingawononge thanzi lachilendo.

Choyambirira kwa aquarium - miyala

Miyala yowonongeka yazing'ono zingagwiritsidwe ntchito monga pansi pansi pansi popanda mantha kupsinjika mapiko ndi mchira wa nsomba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mitsuko yatsopano ya madzi otseguka komanso yotsekedwa. Ground kwa aquarium zomera kuchokera miyala yogawidwa yagawanika kukhala mitundu iwiri:

1. Mwala wolimba. Mbewu zapakati ndi mamita 5 mpaka 30 mm zimasonkhanitsidwa pamtunda wa mtsinje ndipo zimayikidwa pansi pa chivundikiro chophimba pansi. Mitundu yonse ya miyala imalandiridwa, kupatula yomwe imatulutsa ammonia ndi ammonium.
2. Mawanga a nyanja. Dothi lachilengedwe lopangidwa pamphepete mwa nyanja. Ndibwino kusunga nsomba za nsomba ndi madzi amchere.

Choyambira choyera cha aquarium

Kuphimba pansi pa mtundu woyera kumasankhidwa ndi iwo amene akulota kubwezeretsa kutsanzira nyanja m'nyanja. Amakhalanso otchuka ndi oyamba kumene m'madzi a m'nyanja, omwe mosavuta amagula magulu osagula. Munthu amene wasankha yekha mwala woyera kapena quartz monga yankho la funso lomwe amayamba kugula aquarium ayenera kukumbukira za kuipa kwake:

• kuwonjezeka kwa poizoni m'madzi;
• Kutsika kwachitsulo chochepa pansi pa chomera chomera;
• maonekedwe a chikasu chobiriwira kapena chikasu pa miyala;
• Kuwotchera kwa iwo kuchokera ku mtundu wa pigment wa chakudya kapena mankhwala a nsomba.

Chombo cha marble cha aquarium

Alimi odziwa nsomba amatchula malingaliro ovuta ophatikizapo mapepala a marble m'chilengedwe cha nsomba. Dothi lachilengedwe la aquarium ku mcherewu limawonjezera kuuma kwa madzi, omwe amadziwonekera nthawi yomweyo chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ziweto komanso kuchepa kwa chilakolako. Nsomba yokha yomwe idzayamika chifukwa chokwera kwambiri ndi cichlid . Amakonda kupatula nthawi pakati pa fumbi la dolomite lomwe limakhala pansi pa mchere.

Madzi okongoletsera okongola

Kuphatikizidwa kwa magawo achikuda kumapanga malo okongola pamene amakongoletsa mphamvu iliyonse yamchere. Chifukwa chakuti ali ndi utoto wofiira, sizimagwira nawo ntchito yosinthanitsa ndi madzi, kotero zimasakanizidwa ndi miyala ya chilengedwe. Amapezeka ngati mchenga, miyala kapena miyala. Kuti mudziwe mtundu wa dothi wofunikira ku aquarium komanso ngati uli wovulaza, muyenera kumvetsera zinthu izi:

• nkhumba zomwe zimapanga nthaka;
• luso lojambula kapena kusowa madzi;
• Wopanga ali ndi chilolezo chalamulo chomasula gawo ili.

Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji choyambirira cha aquarium?

Pambuyo pa kugula, dothi silinalowetsedwe m'madzi: limafuna kukonzekera koyamba, zomwe nthawi zina zimatenga masiku angapo. Malingana ndi kukula kwa kachigawo kakang'ono, kamayenera kupatulidwa kapena kupyola mu sieve:

1. Nthaka yoyenera ya aquarium monga mchenga imapangidwa mobwerezabwereza kupyolera mu sieve ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono ndi aakulu.
2. Miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi miyala imasankhidwa manja, kupukutidwa ndi phula lofewa kuchotsa fumbi. Pakati pa gawolo sayenera kukhala organic inclusions - ndizovuta kuvunda.

Kodi kusamba nthaka ya aquarium?

Gawo lachiwiri lakonzekera gawo ndi kutsuka. Zimathandiza kuchotsa mabakiteriya, zatsalira za lacquer pa miyala yamitundu, zowonongeka. Kuti mumvetsetse m'mene mungatsukitsire nthaka yoyenera, muyenera kutsatira malangizo ena:

1. Miyala ya kachigawo kalikonse ndi mchenga imayikidwa mu beseni ya pulasitiki yodzazidwa ndi madzi ozizira.
2. Sopo ndi zamadzimadzi zotsekemera zimakhala zosayenera kuyeretsa gawolo - amatha kupha nsomba.
3. Dothi lalikulu la aquarium likuwonjezeranso kuwerengedwa pa pepala lophika mu mpweya wa gasi.
4. Mchenga pofuna kupewa mawonekedwe a ntchentche, osambitsidwa ndi njira yowonjezera ya peresenti ya hydrochloric acid. Pambuyo pake, imatsuka mobwerezabwereza m'madzi.

Kutalika kwa nthaka mu aquarium

Kutalika kwa gawo lapansi mu chidebe kumadalira kukula kwake ndi kukongoletsa mkati. Zinthu zofunika ndizo kutalika kwa zomera ndi kukula kwa gawo la magawo onse a osakaniza benthic. Sankhani kuchuluka kwa nthaka yomwe mukufunikira mu aquarium, chombo chophweka chingathandize:

1. Chidebe chaching'ono chimafuna gawo la gawo la 1.5-2 cm.
2. A aquarium yazitali yazitali amafuna mulu wa 4-5 masentimita.
3. Nsomba zazikulu zidzakonza wosanjikiza wa 7-12 masentimita.

Pansi pa nthaka pansi pa aquarium

Zakudya zowonjezera zakudya zimayikidwa pansi pa gawo lachilengedwe la miyala, shungite kapena mchenga, chifukwa mulibe zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zingathe kudzaza mizu ya zomera ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kudziwa kuti mumera chotani chomera zomera za m'madzi, ndikofunika kuti tisiye kusiyanitsa. Gawo lapansi la zakudya limakhala ndi granules lopangidwa ndi dongo ndi peat. Kupyolera mu mizu, amalowa muzitsamba za zomera ndikukhazikika m'madzi.

Kodi mungatsutse bwanji pansi pamtunda?

Kuchokera pa chiyero cha pansi pa aquarium kumadalira mtundu ndi moyo wa nsomba zomwe zimakhala mmenemo. Miyala yambiri imamvetsetsa kwambiri tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda opatsirana. Wofesa aliyense amadziwa kuti nthaka ya aquarium iyenera kutsukidwa pamasabata onse 2-3, ndipo kuyeretsa kwakukulu kuyenera kuperekedwa kamodzi pa miyezi 6-12 iliyonse. Ndondomeko ya kuchotseratu masamba, zakufa za anthu okhala mu thanki ndi madzi osasinthika ayenera kutsata ndondomeko ina:

1. Kusankhidwa kwa siphon yapamwamba . Chipangizochi ndi choyeretsa dothi la aquarium ngati phula ndi nsonga yopatsa madzi pansi. Kumapeto ena a payipi ndi peyala, yokonzedwa kuti imatunge madzi mu chubu.
2. Sankhani bubu. Kumapeto kwa chubu pamakhala chingwe kapena silinda. Pa zitsulo zamakono zamakono zimayikidwa "zotsukira zotsukira", zimayikidwa ndi mabatire am'manja.
3. Mphuno kapena "zotsukira" zimayikidwa pansi pa aquarium, kuti madzi amatha kuyendetsa miyala kuchokera mu ntchentche ndi silt.
4. Pogwiritsa ntchito kuponderezana kwa peyala kuchokera ku makulidwe ophimba, zinyansi zonse zimayambitsidwa ndi zofunikira.