Mankhwala ozunguza bongo ndi mankhwala omwe amachotsa bronchospasm, omwe amachititsa kuti mitsempha yowonongeka imakhudzidwe komanso kuyanjana kwa malamulo awo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka ndi zochitika zowonongeka mwadzidzidzi: apnea wa makanda, emphysema wamapapu, bronchitis ovuta kapena osakwanira omwe amachititsa matendawa. Zitsulo zamagetsi zimagawidwa m'mitundu yambiri.
Adrenomimetic mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la bronchodilators
Adrenomimetics ndi mankhwala omwe amatha msanga kusokoneza. Iwo amapangidwa makamaka ngati mawonekedwe a aerosols. Mndandandanda wa bronchodilators wa kachigawo kameneka muli mankhwala monga:
- Hexoprenaline - imatsitsa bronchi, ikamasangalatsa minofu yosalala. Ndi kuwonongeka kwautali kwa matenda otupa kapena kusakwanira kwa mawonekedwe a kupopera, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, kujected intravenously.
- Salbutamol ndi mankhwala osokoneza nthawi yaitali. Mphuno yake yotchedwa bronchodilator imakhala chifukwa cha kupuma mwamsanga kwa minofu yosalala ya bronchi. Pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, zotsatira zake zikhoza kuchitika: kupsinjika mutu, kunyoza, kusanza. Zolemba zosavomerezeka za Salbutamol siziri.
- Terbutaline - imakhala ndi mankhwala otchedwa bronchodilator ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera pofuna kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana a mapapu ndi matenda osakanikirana a bronchi. Pambuyo poyamwa mankhwalawa, zotsatira zake zimangotha pambuyo pa mphindi 5-10.
- Formoterol - malo amtundu wa bronchi, omwe amachititsa kuti munthu awonongeke kwa mphindi 5-10. Zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pothandizira bronchospasm , komanso pofuna kupewa.
Ogwiritsira ntchito otetezera otetezeka ku gulu la anthu opweteka
Cholinolytics akukonzekera gulu la bronchodilator, lomwe limakhala ndi zochitika zamagetsi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi zochepa za minofu yosalala. Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito anticholinergic agents, popeza ngakhale kuchepa kwazing'ono kungayambitse:
- mkamwa wouma kwambiri;
- tachycardia;
- kuphwanya malo okhala.
Mmodzi mwa opangira mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi trententhol (mayina a mankhwalawa ndi Trententhol ndi Truvent). Amathetsa minofu ya bronchi maminiti ochepa, kuchotsa bronchospasm, koma sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi odwala omwe ali ndi zipsinjo za mtima ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti ziweto zisokonezeke. Kuonjezera apo, amalowa m'chimake ndi mkaka wa m'mawere, kotero sangathe kutengedwa ndi amayi ndi amayi omwe ali ndi pakati panthawi yopuma.
Zojambulajambula zachitidwe cha myotropic
Bronchodilators a myotropic akuchita ndi kukonzekera zomwe zimachokera ku xanthine. Amakondweretsa dongosolo loyamba la mitsempha ndipo amachititsa kuti munthu asagwirizane ndi vutoli. Iwo amalembedwa makamaka pofuna chithandizo cha mphumu yowonongeka ndi kupewa matenda a bronchospasm.
Mndandandanda wa bronchodilator wa myotropic akuchita ndi mankhwala monga:
- Euphyllinum - mukamayamwa imakhumudwitsa kwambiri mimba, choncho imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yothetsera jekeseni wa m'mimba. Kukonzekeretsa kwazitsulo kumawonetsedwa mkati mwa miniti 10 ndipo kumatenga maola oposa awiri. Ngati mutalowa njira yothetsera vutoli, nthawi yachitidweyo ingasinthe pang'ono.
- Diprofylline - ilipo mwa njira ya njira yothetsera jekeseni ndi suppositories. Pofuna kupewa bronchospasm, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi imodzi, mwachitsanzo, masana mutenge mapiritsi, ndipo usiku uike makandulo.
- Theophylline - pamene atengedwa mwachangu mwamsanga. Kukonzekera kosakanikirana kumawonetseredwa patatha pafupifupi mphindi 30, ndipo kumatenga maola oposa atatu. Mu mawonekedwe a suppactory rectal, bronchodilation ikhoza kuchitika kale, koma panthawi yomweyi chiopsezo cha kuwonjezera pa mankhwala kumadza nthawi zina.
Zojambulajambula zamagetsi zowopsa zimayambitsa chizungulire, tachcarcardia ndi kugwa kwa magazi.