London ndi mzinda wodabwitsa wokhala ndi mbiri yakale kwambiri, yoposa 2000. Kuti mudziwe bwino zochitika zonse ndi zipilala, mukufunikira zoposa tchuthi, ndipo mukhoza kuyamba ndi otchuka kwambiri, odziwa bwino maphunziro a Chingelezi a sukulu, mwachitsanzo, Westminster Abbey - chikhalidwe chachikulu ndi chipembedzo cha ku London .
Ndani anayambitsa Westminster Abbey? Zakale za mbiriyakale
Mbiri ya Westminster Abbey inayamba mu 1065, pamene Edward the Confessor adayambitsa nyumba ya amwenye ku Benedictine. Woyamba anaveka korona mfumu ya England ya Harold, koma posakhalitsa abbey anagonjetsedwa ndi William Wopambana. Ndipo patatha zaka mazana angapo, kumanga nyumba yomwe idakalipo mpaka lero, idapangidwa - Mpingo wa St. Peter's Cathedral ku Westminster (chomwe ndi dzina lake lenileni). Anamangidwa zaka mazana atatu - kuyambira 1245 mpaka 1745 zaka. Woyambitsa ntchito yomanga kachisi wamkulu wotchedwa Westminster Abbey mumasewero a Gothic anapangidwa ndi Henry III, yemwe adafuna kuti azichita mwambo wokondwerero wa olowa nyumba ya Chingerezi.
Panthawi imeneyi, wolamulira aliyense watsopano amaona kuti ndi udindo wake kusintha chinachake, kumaliza kumanga, kumanganso. Kotero, mu 1502 kachisi wa Henry VII anatenga malo a chapemphelo chachikulu. Kenaka kunabwera nsanja za kumadzulo, khomo lakumpoto ndi chigawo chapakati. Kusinthika kunapangitsa kuti mpingo ukhale wosinthidwa ndi kuwonongeka, ndipo nyumba ya amonke inathetsedweratu.
Panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Mfumukazi Elizabeti, adasankha kuika abbey malo a manda a banja lachifumu. Kupatulapo kunaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe adathandiza kwambiri pakukula kwa sayansi, chikhalidwe, komanso kuyenerera pamaso pa boma. Kuikidwa pano kunkalemekezedwa kwambiri, mphoto yabwino kwambiri.
Ndani amakaikidwa ku Westminster Abbey?
Pa gawo la abbey pa mpando wachifumu wapadera panali mwambo wapadera wa kulamulira kwa mafumu, kukwera ku mpando wachifumu wa Chingerezi. Ambiri a iwo anaikidwa pano. Henry Purcell, David Livingstone, Charles Darwin, Michael Faraday, Ernest Rutherford ndi ena ambiri adalandiridwa kuti adzalandire malo otsiriza.
Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri kwa okaona ndi manda a Isaac Newton ku Westminster Abbey, wokongoletsedwa ndi kulembedwa kosangalatsa kosakumbukika. Malo osungirako amanda a Westminster Abbey - Corner of poet. Apa pali phulusa la olemba Achichewa akulu ndi olemba ndakatulo: Charles Dickens, Jeffrey Chaucer, Thomas Hardy, Gurney Irving, Rudyard Kipling, Alfred Tennyson. Komanso pamakona ndi chikumbutso kwa olemba omwe adaikidwa m'madera ena: W. Shakespeare, J. Byron, J. Austin, W. Blake, Sisters Bronte, P. Shelley, R. Burns, L. Caroll ndi zina zotero.
Mfundo zochititsa chidwi za Westminster Abbey
- Chigawo chonse cha abbey chiri pafupifupi 3000 m'manda;
- m'katikatikati mwa nyumba ya kachisi muli zithunzi za ntchito ya mbuye wotchuka wa ku Russian Sergei Fedorov;
- mpaka pakati pa zaka za zana la 14, chuma cha boma, British korona ndi zokongola za banja lachifumu zinasungidwa pano;
- nsanja yayikulu yotchedwa Westminster Abbey imatchedwa Big Ben - m'malo mwa belu lalikulu mkati mwake;
- Mu April 2012, "ukwati wa zaka zapitazo" unachitikira m'makoma a kachisi pakati pa Kate Middleton ndi Prince William.
Westminster Abbey ali kuti?
The abbey ili m'mbali mwa mzinda - Westminster, mukhoza kufika pamtunda , mutatha kufika ku Westminster.
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