Staphylococcus - ndi chiyani, ndipo kodi nthawi zonse ndibakiteriya owopsa?

Funso, staphylococcus - kuti izi zikufunsidwa ndi anthu ambiri, makamaka omwe anapeza bacterium iyi ya Staphylococcal ya banja. Kuopsa kwa matendawa ndi thupi laumunthu kumaphunziridwa bwino ndipo amapezeka poyambirira. Akatswiri amasiyanitsa mitundu yambiri ya bakiteriyayi, mosiyana ndi kukula, mtundu ndi zochita.

Staphylococcus - kodi ndi yotani ndipo imafalitsidwa bwanji?

Mawu owopsya akuti "staphylococcus" - chomwe chiri ndi choopsa, amadziwika kuyambira 1878, chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa Robert Koch wotchuka, yemwe amadziwika kuti anapeza chifuwa cha TB. Mabakiteriya a Staphylococcus ndi owopsa kwa thupi la munthu, chifukwa, kulowa mkati, kumayambitsa matenda ambiri, chiwerengero chake chimakafika ku zana.

Pafupifupi, pali mitundu 27 ya bacteri iyi kuthengo, pakati pa 14 yomwe imakhala ndi zokhudzana ndi khungu laumunthu kosatha. Pakati pa mitundu 14yi yokha ndi yoopsa kwa thanzi lathu:

• golide;
• hemolytic;
• chithandizo;
• saprophytic.

Njira zazikulu zoyendetsera mabakiteriyayi zimakhala zowonongeka komanso zimayenda m'mlengalenga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti staphylococcus ikhoza kulowa m'thupi kudzera mu khungu, mazira, maso, magazi, mabala otseguka ndi kuwotchedwa. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuipitsa ndizopanda manja, zopanda kanthu zopanda kanthu, catheters, zakudya zonyansa ndi zinthu zaukhondo.

Staphylococcus aureus - ndi chiyani?

Chofunika kwambiri ndi funso, staphylococcus aureus - kuti izi ndi zoopsa ndipo mabakiteriya amenewa, omwe amatchedwanso Staphylococcus aureus. Dzina la bakiteriya limachokera kumayendedwe a dzuwa, omwe ali ndi mtundu wa golide atabzalidwa m'malo. Mitundu imeneyi imakhala ndi malo ambiri, imapezeka pamagulu a khungu, zipangizo zachipatala, zidole za ana, zilonda za khungu ndi mazira.

Mbali za ausus ya Staphylococcus ndi:

1. Kukhoza kupanga penicillinase ndi lidase, zomwe zimachititsa kuti mabakiteriya asatetezedwe ndi kutetezedwa ku zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
2. Kukana kwa antiseptics ndi chikoka cha zinthu zina zachilengedwe. Staphylococcus aureus akhoza kupirira kuwira kwa mphindi 10, kuzizira, kuwonetsetsa kwa hydrogen peroxide ndi ethyl mowa.
3. Bakiteriya amatha kumasula mapotoxin, omwe amachititsa kuti thupi liledzere, ndipo nthawi zambiri limatulutsa mantha .

Staphylococcus hemolytic - ndi chiyani?

Mtundu wina wa bakiteriya, womwe ndi wowopsa kwa anthu, ndi hemolytic staphylococcus, yemwe dzina lake limachokera ku mphamvu yake ya hemolysis (chiwonongeko). Hemolytic staphylococcus - chomwe chiri ndi momwe imafalikira, ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungapewere matenda. Mtundu uwu wa staplolococcus umayambitsa njira zosiyanasiyana zopanda thupi m'thupi. Njira zazikulu za matenda ndi:

1. Ayankhulana-apanyumba. Kutenga kumachitika mwa kuchoka kwa munthu wodwalayo kupita kwa munthu wathanzi pogawana zinthu zaukhondo, mbale, nsalu zabedi ndi zovala. Ndizotheka kutumiza kachilombo koyambitsa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito mabala ndi abrasions.
2. Zachipatala. Chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa mwa njirayi ndizosakwanira kutayika kwa zipangizo zamankhwala.
3. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya. Bactamini imalowa limodzi ndi fumbi kupyolera mu mpweya wopuma.
4. Makhalidwe ovomerezeka. Matendawa amapezeka chifukwa chosatsatira malamulo a ukhondo komanso pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zonyansa.

Epidermal staphylococcus aureus

Mabakiteriya amtundu uwu si owopsa monga ena a mndandanda, chifukwa ndi mbali yochepa ya ma microflora ndipo amachititsa mantha pokhapokha chitetezo chachikulu. Tiyenera kutchula za epidermal staphylococcus kuti imafalitsidwa ndi kusagwirizana ndi malamulo ofanana, ndikumayanjana kwambiri ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka komanso kudzera mu zipangizo zamankhwala zomwe sanatetezedwe bwinobwino.

Saprophytic Staphylococcus aureus

Mabakiteriya amtundu uwu akhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi osalakwa kwambiri, chifukwa mwa ana, mwachitsanzo, sizichitika. Malo ake ndi khoma lakumbuyo kwa chikhodzodzo ndi khungu kuti malire amtundu, kotero saprophyte staphylococcus ndi yowonjezeka kwambiri kwa akazi ndipo amachititsa kuti cystitis iwonongeke. Panali nthawi pamene matendawa amachititsa kutupa impso, kenako ndi cystitis kunali kofunikira kuti muzitha kuchiza pyelonephritis.

Kodi n'chiyani chimayambitsa staphylococcus aureus?

Kupeza staphylococcus - ndi chiyani, tinayang'ana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi ya umoyo waumunthu. Zonsezi zikhoza kuchita mosiyana ndi thupi, malingana ndi chitetezo komanso umunthu, koma matenda onsewa akuphatikiza chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga ndi chithandizo choyenera. Mawonetseredwe aliwonse a matenda, kaya hemolytic staphylococcus m'mphuno kapena cystitis amafuna kuthetsa chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa.

Mabakiteriya osayenerera a m'banja la Staphollococcus angayambitse mavuto aakulu ndipo amachititsa zinthu zosasangalatsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta monga:

• phokoso;
• kulira kwa mawu;
• malungo;
• pyelonephritis ;
• kupweteka;
• posachedwa ;
• sepsis;
• kupuma kwa mapapo;
• mpyema wa pleura.

Zizindikiro za matenda a Staphylococcal

Pozindikira zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a stapholococcal, tiyenera kudziwa kuti chithunzichi chikhoza kudalira mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ndi matenda ake, choncho tikudziwitse kuti mudzidziwe ndi zizindikiro za mitundu yonse ya matenda a staplocloccal:

• kuchepa kwa mphamvu;
• kupuma;
• chithunzi;
• kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha;
• mutu;
• zovuta za kugona;
• sintha mawu;
• zovuta;
• balere;
• mavuto opuma (kutsokomola, kutchera, kupuma pang'ono);
• kusokonezeka kwa fungo;
• kuchepetsa chilakolako ndi mavuto mu ntchito ya m'mimba;
• sinusitis ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana;
• pyoderma;
• matenda opuma;
• osteomyelitis;
• cholecystitis ;
• Matenda a Ritter;
• matenda oopsa a poizoni.

Kusanthula kwa Staphylococcus

Pali mitundu inayi yowopsa ya staphylococcus ndipo malo omwe akukhala nawo amasiyana, kotero katswiri wodziwa zambiri pambuyo pa anamnesis amapanga nthawi yokonzekera kuyesedwa. Monga lamulo, timadzi timene timatuluka m'mphuno, mphuno ndi zina zimatengedwa kuti tifufuze, komanso magazi, mkaka wa m'mawere, nyansi ndi mkodzo. Ngati wodwalayo akukonzekera zitsanzo za nkhaniyo, muyenera kugula chidebe chapadera mu pharmacy yomwe imatsimikizira kuti nkhaniyo ndi yoyera.

Zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka ndi kafukufuku wa labotale zimaphunziridwa ndi akatswiri omwe amapeza zofunikirazo. Staphylococcus, yomwe nthano yake imasiyanasiyana ndi ana ndi akulu, ndi mitengo ya 104 cfu / ml m'nthawi yoyamba ndi 102-103 cf / ml m'chiwiri sichiopseza thupi. Komabe, ngati akatswiri angapo omwe amakhulupirira kuti mlingowu ndi wotsika kwambiri (mwa maulendo 10), kotero ndikofunikira kupeza dokotala wodziwa bwino amene angapange zolondola.

Staphylococcus ndi mankhwala

Funso la momwe mungagonjetse staphylococcus mwamsanga kumafuna kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa mankhwala ovuta akhoza kusiyana malingana ndi vuto. Komabe, mitundu yonse ya matenda a staphylococcal amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo mabakiteriophages amagwiritsidwa ntchito - mavairasi omwe amachititsa maselo a bakiteriya, omwe staphylococci amatumizidwa.

Staphylococcus - mankhwala opha tizilombo

Poika "staphylococcus", mankhwala opha tizilombo ndiwo mankhwala oyambirira ndi opambana. Zina mwa zipangizo zamakono zamakono zomwe zimapereka mankhwala, zimatha kusiyanitsa zogwira mtima ndi zodziwika bwino.

1. Vancomycin. Anapatsidwa mwachangu. Amathandizira kuwononga chigawo chomwe chimapanga gawo la maselo, omwe amatsogolera ku chiwonongeko chake.
2. Oxacillin. Limbikitsani ndi intravenously, ndi intramuscularly, ndi pamlomo. Amawononga mabakiteriya ngakhale kumapeto kwa matenda.
3. Cefotaxime. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso komanso mwachangu, amalepheretsa kukula kwa bakiteriya.
4. Amoxicillin. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlomo. Amathandiza kupewa chitukuko cha matenda komanso kuwonongeka kwa mabakiteriya.
5. Cefazolin. Mabakiteriya samapanga m'makoma, omwe amachititsa kuti asatetezedwe ndipo amatsogolera ku imfa. Ikani intravenously ndi intramuscularly.
6. Erythromycin. Zimalepheretsa kupanga mapuloteni, omwe ndi nyumba yaikulu.
7. Clindamycin. Zofanana ndi zochita ndi Erythromycin.
8. Cephalothin. Zowononga zimakhudza zonse nembanemba ndi kuthekera kwa kukula.
9. Cloxacillin. Mapepala obisala pa gawo la magawano. Amavomerezedwa maola 6 alionse.
10. Cephalexin. Amaletsa kaphatikizidwe ka zinthu za selo.
11. Clarithromycin. Mankhwalawa amamenyana bwino ndi kuthekera koti apange mapuloteni ena, omwe amachititsa imfa ya bakiteriya.

Bacteriophages kuchokera ku staphylococcus aureus

Kugwiritsira ntchito mabakiteriophages pofuna kuchiza staphylococcus ndikoyenera kokha ngati vutoli likudziwika bwino. Kukaniza kwa staphylococcus mu nkhaniyi sikulibe kanthu, chifukwa mabakiteriya amachititsa ngati chithunzithunzi, kusankha bwino chandamale ndikuwononga mabakiteriya mkati. Chithandizo ndi bacteriophages chimapangidwa ndi ulimi wothirira, ntchito ndi maulamuliro otsogolera. Mankhwala amadalira zaka.

Staphylococcus - mankhwala ochiritsira

Kudziwa kuchokera kumalo a sayansi, staphylococcus, ndi matenda otani omwe, ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosagwirizana ndi mankhwala. Mankhwala amtundu amapereka maphikidwe ambiri omwe angathandize kuchiza mtundu uliwonse wa matenda, zikhale epidermal staphilococcus pamaso, kapena saprophytic, pamodzi ndi cystitis. Maphikidwe otchuka kwambiri ndi osavuta:

1. Tincture wa propolis. Mtengo wokonzeka wa propolis umatengedwa pamlomo kapena ngati kutsuka. Pendekani ndikupera pansi pa mtsuko wa hafu ya lita imodzi, mudzaze ndi mowa wochuluka (40% kapena kuposerapo), pempherani m'malo amdima kwa sabata.
2. Burdock masamba ndi comfrey. Thirani zowonjezera mu chiwerengero cha 1: 1 ndi madzi otentha ndikuumirira kotala la ora, katenge katatu pa tsiku kwa 50 magalamu.
3. Minga ya golidi. Ma supuni awiri a zitsamba amangirizidwa mu thumba ndi kuponyedwa mu lita imodzi ya madzi otentha. Kuphika mpaka mtundu wa madzi ndi golide. Msuzi umasewera mmalo mwa madzi ndi malo okhudzidwa (mwachitsanzo, kukhudzidwa).