Nthenda ya osteomyelitis ndi nthendayi yomwe matenda ndi kutupa kwa fupa la fupa zimachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zamkati kapena kunja. Mankhwala ovuta kwambiri, ochizira komanso odwala matendawa, komanso malingana ndi momwe amachitira matendawa - osteomyelitis a nsagwada zam'munsi ndi zam'munsi.
Zimayambitsa matenda osteomyelitis a nsagwada
Osteomyelitis ya kumtunda kapena kumapeto kwa chifuwa akhoza kuyamba chifukwa cha zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Matenda a chifuwa ndi mano (odontogenic osteomyelitis a nsagwada) - amadzimadzi, pulpitis, periodontitis;
- Matenda oopsa opatsirana (matonillitis, diphtheria, chiwopsezo chofiira );
- matenda aakulu opatsirana ( sinusitis , matonillitis);
- Kuvulala kwa nsagwada (fractures, kuvulala).
Kulowa m'kati mwa mafupa, kachilomboka kamayambitsa njira zowonongeka. Mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa asokonezeke nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati staphylococci, streptococci, kawirikawiri - pneumococcus, E. coli, ndodo ya typhoid, ndi zina. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa m'mafupa a mitsempha ya nkhuku yomwe imapezeka m'madera ena a thupi kapena kunja kwa thupi (mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamankhwala zosawonongeka bwino).
Zizindikiro za chifuwa chachikulu cha jaw osteomyelitis
Matendawa amayamba ndi mawonetseredwe otsatirawa:
- ululu wopweteka mu mthunzi wokhudzidwa, ukuwonekera ku kachisi, khutu, orbit;
- chisokonezo;
- kuwonjezeka kutentha kwa thupi kufika 39-40 ° C;
- zovuta.
Patangopita nthawi pang'ono, nkhope ikuphulika, kutambasula kwa mitsempha m'khosi, kuchepa kwa pakamwa pamutu, kupweteka mutu, kugona ndi kulakalaka zakudya zimagwirizana nawo. Pali zosangalatsa, zonunkha kuchokera pakamwa. Mu phokoso loipa la odontogenic osteomyelitis la nsagwada ya m'munsi, kusowa kwa pamlomo wapansi ndi chibambo (chizindikiro cha Vincent), kupweteka pakumeza kumatchulidwa.
Zizindikiro za matenda oopsa a chifuwa cha nsagwada
Ndi matenda a subacute osteomyelitis, fistula imapangidwa ndipo kutuluka kwa kutupa madzi ndi pus zimapangidwa. Wodwala amamva mpumulo wa kanthawi, koma njira yake yachinsinsi siimatha, kuwonongeka kwa mafupa kumapitirirabe. Monga lamulo, subacute osteomyelitis ya nsagwada imayamba masabata 3-4 chiyambireni matendawa.
Zizindikiro za matenda aakulu a mitsempha
Gawo lachilendo la matendali likudziwika ndi maphunziro ochuluka. Pa nthawi ya kukhululukidwa, pali kusintha kwachikhalidwe, kuchepa kwa kutupa, ndi kuchepa kwa ululu. Ngati matenda osteomyelitis omwe ali pachikopa kapena khungu la pakamwa, purulent fistula nthawi zonse, ziwalo za mafupa zakufa zimatha kuthawa.
Kuchiza kwa osteomyelitis m'nsagwada
Akapeza kuti matendawa ndi ovuta kwambiri, wodwala amatumizidwa mwamsanga ku dipatimenti yopita kuchipatala.
Choyamba, chithandizochi chimayesetsa kuthetsa vuto lopweteka m'magazi ndi mafupa ozungulira. Kwa izi, njira zopaleshoni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati magwero a kachilomboka ndi dzino lodwala, ndiye likuchotsedwa. Pamaso pa nsagwada za pakhosi ndi phunyu, minofu yofewa imatambasulidwa ndipo chilonda chimachotsedwa. Kuonjezerapo, miyeso ikuthandizidwa kukonza ntchito zosokonezeka za thupi zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda. Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala opaleshoni, mankhwala oletsa antibacterial ndi odana ndi kutupa mankhwala amaperekedwa.
Ngati chochitika cha osteomyelitis chikugwiritsidwa ndi matenda ena opatsirana, ndiye kuti chithandizochi chimayambanso kuthetseratu mankhwalawa, omwe amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zochiritsira zosagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala. Kuphatikizanso apo, mankhwala othandizira anthu ochotsera mankhwalawa ndi opaleshoni, amachitidwa njira zosiyanasiyana.