Makhalidwe a nthawi yobereka
Akatswiri amagawanika nthawi imeneyi kukhala ammimba ndi fetal. Yoyamba imayamba ndi mapangidwe a zygote ndipo imatenga masabata khumi ndi awiri. Panthawiyi, machitidwe aakulu, ziwalo, zidazi zimayikidwa, kuyendetsa ntchito kwa dipatimenti ya ubongo kumayambira. Zotsatira zake zimakhudza thupi la mayi, kuphulika kwakukulu pa kukula kwa mwana wamwamuna ndi mimba kumatheka.
Patangotha masabata 12 a nthawi yobereka, mwana wakhanda akuyamba. Gawo ili limatha masabata 29. Ziwalo zonse zikuluzikulu zikukwaniritsa mapangidwe awo panthawiyi. Ngati mkazi ali ndi mphamvu iliyonse panthawiyi, ndiye kuti ultrasound dokotala akhoza kudziwa kuti mimba ya fetus ndi ziwalo zake sizigwirizana ndi zikhalidwe. Chimodzi mwa zizolowezi zomwe anthu ambiri amachita payekha ndi njira yowonjezera ya intrauterine kuchepetsa kuchepa, ndiko kuti, pamene mwanayo akutsamira kumbuyo kwake kulemera, kutalika, zizindikiro zina. Kawirikawiri, matendawa amapezeka pamene mayi ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, matenda osokoneza bongo komanso matenda osiyanasiyana. Komanso, mavuto ena amayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala, mowa.
Pambuyo pa masabata 29 mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yogonana, amatha kunena za nthawi yobereka. Pa nthawiyi, zizindikiro zoyambirira za kukula kwa mwanayo zimayambira. Panthawi imeneyi, mtundu wosakanikirana wa intrauterine kuchepetsa kukula kumachitika. Chifukwa cha izi, kawirikawiri, ndizosayembekezeretsa fetoplacental. Kwa iye, placenta silingathe kupereka mwanayo ndi zofunikira zonse zofunikira ndi mpweya. Mkhalidwe wotero ukhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
- multiple pregnancies;
- gestosis;
- zovuta za umbilical chord development;
- pulasitala;
- matenda a chiberekero.
Madokotala ali ndi zida zawo zosiyanasiyana zochizira matendawa.
Nthawi zovuta
Pa nthawi yobereka mwanayo, mawu amaperekedwa omwe amafunikira chidwi kwambiri pa thanzi la mayi woyembekezera:
- 7-12 tsiku, ndiko kuti, nthawi yomwe mwana wakhanda amaikidwa;
- kuyambira masabata 3 mpaka 6 akugonana;
- kuyambira masabata 9 mpaka 12 a mimba;
- kuyambira masabata 18 mpaka 22.
Nthawi zolerera ndi nthawi yachisawawa zimayandikana kwambiri. Wotsirizira amatha kuchokera kubadwa mpaka tsiku la 28 la moyo wa khanda. Matenda a khungu, chitetezo cha mthupi, intrauterine hypoxia - zonsezi zidzakhudza thanzi la mwanayo.