Nkhaka pa khonde - bwanji kuonetsetsa bwino kukolola?

Kukula nkhaka pa khonde n'kosavuta. Anthu omwe akufuna kuti adzikonzekerere ndi mavitamini atsopano omwe amapangidwa okhawo ali ndi mwayi waukulu kuti awulitse ngakhale mu megalopolis phokoso. Izi ndizotheka komanso zosangalatsa.

Kodi kukula nkhaka pa khonde?

Kuti muwone masamba, ndikofunika kudziwa zinsinsi za kukula nkhaka pa khonde. Izi zidzafuna nsanja yowonjezereka ndi kuyatsa bwino, kuyang'ana moyang'ana kum'maŵa kapena kum'maŵa. Zomera zochokera kumpoto zidzakhala mdima ngakhale zowonjezera zowonjezera ndipo zokololazo zidzakhala zochepa. Ngati khonde silikuwongolera, ndiye kuti lingaliro limeneli liyenera kugawanika - nkhaka zitsulo sizidzalekerera. Ikani tchire bwino pafupi ndi makoma kapena m'makona a chipinda kuti muwateteze ku mphepo. Ngati zofunikira zoterezi zatha, ndiye kuti mutha kusunga mbewuyi molimba mtima.

Kodi nkhaka zamtundu wanji zingakulire pa khonde?

Tsopano zogulitsa zimakhala zosavuta kuti zizindikire hybrids, zomwe zimalima kulima mu chipinda. Mukamagula, muyenera kuwerenga ndondomekoyi - ziyenera kudziwika kuti mtunduwo uli ndi chidziwitso, ndipo uli ndi zipatso zazing'ono, sizikusowa pollination (parthenocarpic) ndipo ndizoyenera kulima mu loggia, popeza lianas ali ndi zidule zochepa. Zabwino kwambiri izi ndi masamba amtundu wa cornichon, kukolola kwa iwo kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo sizimatuluka. Kuchokera ku chitsamba china ndi zophweka kupeza pafupifupi 30-40 zidutswa za masamba. Mitengo ya nkhaka pa khonde:

1. F1 nkhaka zamzinda. Puchkovaty cornichon, nthambi zambiri, amapindula masiku 40. Zelenians 9-12 masentimita yaitali, pa mfundo kukula mpaka 9 mazira.
2. F1 Balagan. Mankhwala osakanizidwa afupipafupi, omwe amatha kukhala 9-10 masentimita 80-90 g.
3. F1 Machaoni. Parthenocarpic ndi nthambi yochepa. Zipatso ndizochepa, masentimita 7-11, kulemera kwa 110 g.
4. F1 Balcony. Gherkin, amapindula masiku 40. Mbewu ndi yofiira, yoyera, yautali 6-10 cm.
5. F1 Mbalame Zodzikuza. Parthenocarpic cornichon ndi masamba ochepa. Mbewu zochepa, kutalika kwa masentimita 5-8, zolemera 60-80 g.

Nkhaka primer pa khonde

Pakati pa ndondomekoyi ndi malo. Nthaka ya nkhaka pa khonde iyenera kukhala yochuluka. Mukhoza kugula dothi lonse ku floristic stall polima mbewu za masamba ndi pH = 6.3-6.8. Osati moyipa, ngati pali dacha pafupi ndipo mukhoza kubweretsa nthaka kuchokera kumeneko. Ziyenera kusakanizidwa ndi nthaka ndi perlite (4 mlingo wa dothi, mlingo umodzi wa nthaka ndi mlingo umodzi wa perlite). Pambuyo kusanganikirana mu chidebe cha nthaka nthaka imabweretsa: 1 tbsp. supuni nitrophoski, 1 chikho cha padziko lapansi, supuni 1 urea. Musanabzala nthaka ayenera kuwonongeka mwanjira iliyonse:

• kuti zilowerere ndi fungicide;
• kutentha mu uvuni wa microwave;
• Kutuluka pamadzi otentha.

Kodi mungathe kubzala nkhaka pa khonde?

Nkhaka zikhoza kukhala wamkulu pa khonde mu wamba pulasitiki muli nazo maluwa, miphika, miphika. Zolinga zoterezi, mabokosi abwino ndi matabwa kapena miphika yaing'ono. Ayenera kukhala ndi mabowo ndi madzi. Zombo zabwino kwambiri zamtunduwu, zomwe m'munsimu muli maenje a madzi. Monga kukhetsa, dothi laling'ono limavomereza.

Mphika wa nkhaka pa khonde amawerengedwa molingana ndi lamulo lofunika - 5 malita a nthaka yachonde pa chitsamba kuti asawonongeke pa nthawi ya zipatso. Chomera chija chimadzazidwa ndi njira yotsatirayi: mtsuko umayikidwa masentimita 2-3 mpaka pansi, kusakaniza kwadothi kumatsanulidwa, osapitirira masentimita asanu m'munsi mwake, nthaka imatayika ndipo nthaka yosakaniza ikuwonjezeredwa ngati shrinkage ikupezeka.

Kodi mungamange bwanji nkhaka pa khonde?

Yambani kulima zobiriwira pa loggia bwino pamapeto a April - oyambirira May. Mwamsanga mbeuyo ikafesedwa, mwamsanga mungathe kusangalala ndi zokolola zatsopano. Ndikofunika kupanga mbeu yamakono pa khonde:

1. Kufesa kwachitika ndi mbewu zowuma, zomwe zimawoneka mufiriji kwa masiku angapo. Asanati asindikizidwe, ayenera kusungidwa kwa mphindi 20 mu njira yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate, osambitsidwa ndi madzi oyera ndi zouma. Izi zidzateteza matenda a fungal. Ngati mutatha kugula mbewu mu chipolopolo chachikuda (chofiira kapena chobiriwira), ndiye kuti ataya kale ndi kuviika mumanganese sikofunika.
2. Pakati pa chombo chokonzekera, kuchoka pamphepete mwa masentimita 15, pangani mabowo pamtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Mbewu imatsekedwa kwa akuya 1.5-2 masentimita - mu dzenje limodzi chidutswa chimodzi. Ndi bwino kukula nkhaka pa khonde m'mabotolo a pulasitiki, kenako mbewu imodzi kapena ziwiri imabzalidwa mu chomera chimodzi cha 5-lita.
3. Mbewuzo zili ndi cellophane ndipo zimakhala zotentha pa 24-26 ° C.
4. Mpaka mbande zikuwonekera, kuthirira nthaka kuchokera ku nebulizer.
5. Patapita sabata m'matangi adzawonekera ndipo polyethylene ingachotsedwe, minda imayikidwa pawindo lopambana kwambiri kutentha + 20 ° C. Pa nthawi yomweyo, sipangakhale mphepo yochepa pawindo.
6. Masamba akangowoneka pa mphukira, akhoza kuyamba kukwiya, kutsegula zenera ku malo okhala tsiku lonse. Zosowa za mbeu za madzi zisamveke.
7. Pa khonde, minda imasunthidwa pamene khola + 15 ° C imakhazikika pamsewu.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji nkhaka pa khonde?

Kusamalira nkhaka pa khonde ndizokhazikika, kuthira, kumanga zothandizira. Kuwonjezera pa izi:

1. M'nyengo yotentha (+ 30 ° С) masentimita ayenera kusungunuka kuwala kwa dzuwa, kuti masamba asatenthe m'mipesa.
2. Kutentha kwa nthaka kumatha kukwezedwa mwa kukhazikitsa zidebe zamadzi pafupi ndi zitsulo, kapena kukulitsa nthaka ndi mvula yonyowa ya sphagnum.
3. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August, zitsulozi zikhoza kuyamba kumangidwa usiku ndi burlap, kotero kuti rootlets za mbewu zisamaundane.
4. Pambuyo pa fruiting (pambuyo pa masiku 90 kuchokera kufesa), lianas amatha, ma rhizomes amachotsedwa.
5. Nthaka yochokera mabokosi ingachotsedwe mu matumba a cellophane ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chotsatira, m'malo mwa nthaka. Adzakhalanso ndi zitsulo ndi zingwe.

Kodi mungamwetse nkhaka pa khonde?

Posankha nthawi zambiri kuthirira nkhaka pa khonde, nkofunika kudziwa kuti minda sayenera kuchepa. Sungani chodzala kawiri kapena katatu pa sabata. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, samathira nthaka yokha, komanso kuthirira mpweya kuzungulira mbewu. Madzi a njirayi amatengedwa ofunda, osatha. Madzulo, nkhaka ikhoza kutsitsidwa kuchokera ku sprayer. Madzi amathanso kuthiridwa mu saucer pansi, kuchokera pamene mizu, inamera kupyolera mu mabowo, imayamwa iyo ndi chisangalalo.

Kodi ndikufunika kuti ndikasuke nkhaka pakhomo?

Pa funso loti asakanikire nkhaka pa khonde, palibe yankho lolondola. Kawirikawiri, zilembo zoterezi sizitambasula, ndipo palibe chifukwa chotero. Koma ngati zimayambira kukula ndithu, ndiye pamene phokoso lalikulu lifika pamtunda wa waya (zothandizira), izo zathyoledwa. Izi zimachitika pafupifupi mu gawo la masamba 10-12. Nthambi zam'mbali zimang'ambika mpaka 25-45 masentimita. Kenako mphukira idzakula ndikukula, zomwe zingasangalatse ndi zipatso zambiri.

Kodi mungamange bwanji nkhaka pa khonde?

Pofuna kulima nkhaka pa khonde, m'pofunika kudziwa kuti minda idzapereka masamba atsopano. Pakadutsa mbale 5-6, chitsamba chidzafuna chithandizo. Pa gawo loyamba, gawoli likhoza kuchitidwa ndi mapepala apamwamba a maluwa. Koma muyeso wotere kwa nthawi yaitali sungakwanitse - ngakhale ndi kukula kwa masamba 7-8, mpesa udzafuna zina zowonjezera.

Pa khoma la khonde, n'zotheka kubowola mabowo pamtunda wa mamita 2.5. M'kati mwawo, ogulitsa zovalazo amamangidwa pazitsulo, mphasa imangirizidwa pamtunda, ndipo nsonga imodzi ya 1.5 mamita yayitali iyenera kutayika. Zidzakhala zomveka bwino kumanga mipesa pamene ayamba kukwera mmwamba. Zimayambira zokhoma kuzungulira zingwe ndi kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala ndi chigawo chofooka.

Kodi kutseka nkhaka pa khonde?

Makomukumba a kunyumba pa khonde ayenera kudyetsedwa nthawi:

1. Ndikofunika kupanga nkhaka pa khonde masiku 14 chiyambireni. Kwa anyamata oterewa, gwiritsani ntchito ofooka njira ndi ammonium nitrate (5 g), potaziyamu (15 g), superphosphate (3 g) ndi magnesium (5 g) pa madzi 10 l. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la urea - supuni 1 pa atatu malita a madzi. Thirani zitsamba kuti mvula isagwe pansi pa masamba.
2. Chakudya chotsatira chikuchitika patatha milungu iwiri. Kuchita izi, sakanizani feteleza wina pa nkhaka pa khonde: tengani yankho la mullein (1:10), kuwonjezera pa supphosphate (20 g), potassium sulphate (15 g). Pangani recharge kamodzi pa sabata.