Kukhazikika kwafilosofi mu filosofi - lingaliro latsopano la kukhalapo kwathu

Nthawi zina m'moyo muli kukaikira zenizeni za zomwe zikuchitika, ndipo ndibwino kuti mutseke maso anu monga chilichonse chikusoweka. Ndikumakumbukira zakale, malingaliro akuwalira modzidzimutsa, ndipo ngati zochitika zina zakhala zikuchitikadi, kapena ndi masewera a malingaliro. Maganizo onsewa si atsopano. Iwo akhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali ndikuwonetsetsa chomwe chimapangitsa kuti solipsism iyambe.

Solipsism - ndi chiyani?

Kubwerera ku IV. BC Wachifilosofi wachigiriki ndi katswiri wa sayansi George wa Leontini, pokambirana za "palibe", adalemba ndi kutsimikiziranso zochitika zambiri:

1. Yehova kulibe.
2. Ngati kulipo, sizingatheke.
3. Ngati kuli kotheka, n'kosatheka kufotokoza.

Kotero, kwa nthawi yoyamba, lingaliro linawonekera, kulengeza chidziwitso cha munthu ngati chokhacho chenicheni chomwe chiripo. Pambuyo pake, izo zinapangidwa ndi kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane wa solipsism. Mu sayansi, solipsism ndi chiphunzitso chomwe chimakana kudalirika kwa dziko lozungulira ife. Maganizo a munthu yekha ndi weniweni omwe amapezeka kwa munthu kuti akhudzidwe.

Kukhazikika kwafilosofi mufilosofi

Malinga ndi filosofi, kutentha kwazomweku kunayambira mu Middle Ages. "Khalidwe loyera" lafilosofi ndilo lingaliro lalikulu kwambiri, ndipo m'mbiri yakale kusankha chisankho chotero ndi chosowa kwambiri. Wolemba wotchuka kwambiri (osati matenda opatsirana ndi matenda) ndi Claude Brunet (dokotala ndi ntchito ndi filosofesa mwa ntchito), amene amakhulupirira kuti padziko lapansi pali ONI - nkhani yokha yolingalira. Chilichonse chozungulira iye chimapangidwa ndi mphamvu ya chikumbumtima chake ndipo chimatha kukhalapo kuyambira nthawi yomwe amaiwala za izo.

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa kulimbitsa thupi ndi kukayikira

Mfundo yaikulu ya kukayikira ndi kukayikira za choonadi cha chidziwitso chonse chokhudza dzikoli. Kulimbitsa thupi ndi kukayikira zimasiyanitsidwa ndi malingaliro ofunika:

1. Okayikira amakayikira kuti angathe kudziwa chikhalidwe cha zinthu zoyandikana nawo, solipsists ali otsimikiza kuti zinthu siziri zenizeni.
2. Okayikira sadziwa zenizeni zenizeni za dziko lakunja, solipsists amanena kuti chidziwitso chingathe kukhala chakumudziwa nokha ndi zofuna zanu.
3. Chifukwa cha chidziwitso cha zikhulupiliro zodalirika ndi zolembedweratu, okayikira amaperekedwa kuti adziŵe ndi kufotokozera mfundo zina. Solipsists amakhulupirira kuti zilizonse ndizo malingaliro awo ndi kukhulupirira kwawo kuti alipo, kotero ndizosadziwika, ndipo safuna umboni.

Mitundu ya solipsism

Pokhala pakati pa zipilala ziwiri za filosofi (kukonda ndi kukonda chuma), kusungulumwa kumasintha kuchokera kufulumizitsa kutuluka kwa malingaliro amphamvu mpaka kukhala chete kwa mfundo zomveka.

1. Kukhazikika kwachilengedwe kumakana zenizeni zonse, kupatula payekha.
2. Zolemba zamakono zapadera zimapereka mwayi wokhalapo ndi chilengedwe cha ena. Komabe, n'zotheka kuzindikira kuti dziko lakunja limagwira ntchito mwachilungamo, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti sayansi isasokonezeke.
3. Zolemba zamakono zimatsimikiziranso kuti zenizeni ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pazidziwitso zosatsutsika, pakuti ngakhale kukhalapo kwa zokhudzidwa kumangoyambika ndi kusokoneza kwina.
4. Solipsism yokhazikika ndi yofanana ndi kudzikonda komanso kudzikonda. Chikhulupiliro cha chikhalidwe cha ena chimapangitsa munthu kukhala ndi mphamvu zowonongeka, kuchotsa zolepheretsa maganizo kuti akwaniritsidwe ndikuchotsa lingaliro la udindo.

Solipsism - mabuku

M'dziko lamakono, chiphunzitso cha solipsism monga chiphunzitso cha sayansi chikuwoneka chopanda pake, koma chimapereka malingaliro ochuluka okondweretsa kwa fano. R. Bradbury, S. Lem, M. Bulgakov ndi olemba ena odziwika bwino amapanga nkhani zodabwitsa komanso zochititsa chidwi zomwe zimapangitsa wowerenga kupitirira zenizeni. Victor Pelevin, wolemba mabuku wamakono, adalengeza njira yowonongeka yotsalira zazitsulo ndikugwiritsa ntchito izo kuti apange ntchito zake:

1. "Loto Lachisanu ndi Lina la Vera Pavlovna . " Woyeretsa chimbudzi cha anthu amakhulupirira kuti iye adzachititsa Perestroyka ku USSR.
2. "Chapaev ndi Emptiness . " Protagonist imayenda kuchokera ku chowonadi kupita ku chimzake, kuyesera kudziwa chowonadi.
3. "Generation P" . Omaliza maphunziro a Institute amapanga zochitika zogulitsa.