Zamoyo zonse padziko lapansi zimagwirizanirana ndi zilembo zosiyanasiyana. Ena amathandizana wina ndi mzake, ena amakhala ndi ndalama za ena, ndipo ena amakonda kukhala okha. Imodzi mwa njira zothetsera mgwirizano ndi chidziwitso, chomwe chikhoza kuwonetsedwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana a moyo.
Symbiosis - ndi chiyani?
Kugwirizana kwa zamoyo zamoyo, zomwe onse awiri kapena amodzi amapindula nazo, zimatchedwa symbiosis. Ubale wotere ukhoza kutenga mitundu yambiri, yomwe imadalira chikhalidwe chawo, kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kuvulaza. Nthawi zambiri mawu oterewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu biology, pofotokoza kusiyana kwa mabakiteriya, zomera ndi zinyama. Chiyanjano china ndicho kugwirizana pakati pa anthu , zikhalidwe ndi zina.
Kusagwirizana m'maganizo
Mkhalidwe wamaganizo momwe zomwe zili mkati mwa chikumbumtima cha munthu mmodzi zimakumana ndi wina amatchedwa symbiosis. Mu mgwirizano wotero, onse okhudzidwa amadalira kwathunthu. Tiyenera kuzindikila kuti zimayambira ndipo zimakhazikitsidwa pakati pa anthu mosavuta, koma sizili zovuta kumaliza. Pali kusiyana kwina kwa tanthawuzo la mawu awa, kotero symbiosis mu psychology ndikumangika maganizo, kusemphana maganizo ndi kugwirizana pakati pa mkazi ndi mwana wake, zomwe zimakhala zowonjezera kukula kwa chidziwitso chake ndi umunthu wake.
Zizindikiro
Kuti mumvetse mfundo zomwe zingathe kudziwa kukhalapo kwa mgwirizano, ndi bwino kuganizira ubale pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi . Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo chilakolako chokhazikika cha munthu kukhala pafupi ndi mnzanuyo, chomwe chikuwonetseredwa mu chiwonongeko chonse. Kulingalira kwa maganizo kumatanthauza kuti mwamuna kapena mkazi amatha kudziwika, chifukwa amafuna kukhala moyo wa munthu wina.
Kodi ndi chiani chomwe chimagwirizana pakati pa chithandizo ndi chirombo?
Malingaliro operekedwa ali ndi zizolowezi zofanana ndi zosiyana. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mfundo yakuti symbiosis ndi mliri umodzi umagwirizanitsa, kotero muzochitika zonsezi zirombo zosiyana zimatha kukhalira pamodzi. Ponena za kusiyana, chiyanjano choterechi chimaphatikizapo mgwirizano wopindulitsa kwa onse omwe akugwira nawo ntchito, koma ndi nthenda imodzi yamoyo imakhala ndi moyo kwa wina, kumusokoneza. N'zotheka kutchula dzina loti symbiosis - nahlebnichestvo. Mgwirizano wotero ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu, mwachitsanzo, pamene munthu wina apulumuka ndikukula chifukwa cha zoyenera ndi ntchito za wina.
Mitundu yothandizira
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mgwirizano wotere ndipo tiyambira ndi mchitidwe wofala kwambiri.
- Mutualism ndi mawonekedwe wamba a maubwenzi, omwe ali othandiza kwa ophunzira aliyense. Pachifukwa ichi, kupezeka kwa mnzanu ndi chinthu chofunikira kuti pakhale ena.
- Zosangalatsa . Kupeza kuti symbiosis ndiyotani, ndibwino kuti tisonyeze mtundu wina wa maubwenzi otere: commensalism, yomwe ndi mtundu wa mgwirizano umene mbali imodzi imapindula ndi maubwenzi, ndipo yachiwiri salowerera nawo mbali. Kodi matendawa ndi otani?
- Masasokizimu . Pali mitundu iwiri yotsatizana, kotero yoyamba imatchedwa masochism, ndiko kuti, kugonjera. Pankhaniyi, munthu wa maso akukhala gawo la munthu wina. Kugwirizana kwauzimu kotereku kumatanthauza kuti masochism sichipanga chisankho chilichonse. Mitundu yowonjezereka ya mawonetseredwe a masose ndikumverera kwa kudzichepetsa ndi kusowa thandizo. Fomu yogwira ntchitoyo imatchedwa chisamaliro ndipo pakadali pano munthu mmodzi amafuna kuti winayo akhale gawo lake.
Kugwirizana pakati pa miyoyo ya anthu
Mchitidwe wotsatiridwa womwe ukufotokozedwa ukhoza kutsatiridwa osati pakati pa anthu okha, komanso m'madera ena. Chiyanjano mu maubwenzi amachitika m'madera osiyanasiyana a moyo, mwachitsanzo, mu sayansi, chikhalidwe, zamakono ndi zina zotero. Mu chikhalidwe cha anthu, mawu awa akulongosola mgwirizano pakati pa magulu osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi zofanana. Ngati tifotokozera kuti symbiosis ikuchokera ku malingaliro a zachuma, ndiye fotokozerani mgwirizano wa malonda.
Kusagwirizana kwa mwamuna ndi mkazi
Kuyanjana pakati pa amuna kapena akazi, chiyanjano ndi chilakolako cha mmodzi kapena onse awiri kuti athe kugwirizana ndi chibwenzi ndi chibwenzi. Mu mawu osavuta, izi zikhoza kutchedwa chikhumbo cha munthu kukhala nthawi zonse pafupi ndi theka lina. Pali ziwerengero zozizwitsa pazochitika izi:
- Nthaŵi zambiri, chikhalidwe choterocho sichimatha kukhala ndi mapeto osangalatsa ndipo chimathera ndi kutaya kwa umunthu ndi umunthu. Kwenikweni, kugwirizana kwa mwamuna yemwe amagonana ndi wina kumabweretsa chisokonezo chachikulu ndi kusokonezana.
- Anthu omwe amayesetsa kuti azigwirizana ndi anzawo, nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Pokhala pachibwenzi, chizoloŵezi chowongolera nthawi zonse chimakhala ndi mantha otayika kufunika kwake pamaso pa mnzanuyo, zomwe kwenikweni zimangowonjezera chiyanjanocho. Mgwirizano wotero ukhoza kutchedwa kusonyeza kudalira, komwe kumalemerera onse awiri. Kuti mukhale ndi ubale wabwino pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi, nkofunika kukhala ndi malo anu enieni.
- Kulumikizana kwa kugonana nthawi zonse kumagwirizananso ndi maubwenzi.
- Ngati munthu akufuna kuyanjana ndi mwamuna ndi mkazi wake, iye ndi wovuta kwambiri komanso wochulukirapo. Amachita khama, akufuna kuti amusankhire yekha wosankhidwa.
- Symbiosis ndi zovuta kutchula chikondi chenicheni ndi chikondi chenicheni, chomwe poyamba anthu amafuna. Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti chikondi cha chiyanjano ndi chachizolowezi kwa amuna.
Kusagwirizana kwa sayansi ndi chipembedzo
Chidwi pa mutu wokhudzana ndi kugwirizana kwa sayansi ndi chipembedzo chakhalapo nthawi zonse. Pali zitsanzo zambiri m'mbiri yakale pamene zoyesayesa zinapangidwa kuti zigwirizanitse mfundo ziwiri izi. Chikhulupiriro chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene palibe njira yofotokozera chinachake chifukwa cha kusowa kwa umboni wa sayansi. Anthu omwe amachita kafukufuku m'dera lino akunena kuti kugwirizanitsa ndizosatheka, chifukwa palibe chofala pakati pa chipembedzo ndi chikhulupiriro, ndi njira yachidziwitso yomwe salola kusintha kulikonse.
Vuto liri mu njira yolingalira pogwiritsira ntchito magulu awa, kotero sayansi imatanthawuza kuchita zoyesera, kuika patsogolo malingaliro ndi zinthu zambiri zidakali zosazindikirika. Ponena za chipembedzo, apa, chinthu chachikulu ndicho chikhulupiriro. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti sizingatheke kupatukana chidziwitso cha chipembedzo ndi sayansi, mwachitsanzo, njira zambiri zachipembedzo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro ndi zochitika.
Kusagwirizana kwa munthu ndi kompyuta
Kupita patsogolo kwazamakono siimaima ndipo zowonjezera zambiri zakhala mbali ya miyoyo ya anthu. Tsiku ndi tsiku, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje osiyanasiyana, kuwongolera miyoyo yawo ndi kuwongolera khalidwe lawo. Lingaliro la kulumikizana muzochita zotere ndilolandiridwa. M'dziko lamakono kuti mutenge zambiri zomwe mukufunikira kuti mutembenuzire kompyuta ndikupita pa intaneti. Chotsatira chake, kugwirizana kwa ubongo wa munthu ndi teknoloji kumapatsa mwayi "kuchita zozizwitsa." Maganizo kuti posachedwapa makompyuta adzalandira chidziwitso, chaka chilichonse ndi zenizeni.
Chikhalidwe chogwirizana
Mayiko ambiri akhoza kudzitama ndi chikhalidwe chawo chosiyana: miyambo, zomangamanga, luso, chipembedzo ndi zina zotero. Mtundu uliwonse ukhoza kupanga zopindulitsa payekha pa chitukuko cha dziko lapansi. Kwa zaka zambiri, mayiko adakwanitsa kukhala okhaokha, koma chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo, chikhalidwe chinayambira, zomwe zinatheka chifukwa chakuti anthu amatha kupita kumadera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Zathandiza kuti chisokonezo cha ma TV ndi Internet chikhale chosokonezeka.
Ngati tilankhula za mayiko omwe kale anali USSR, ndiye kuti pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Iron Curtain, zinthu zambiri zachilendo ndi zachilendo, ndipo miyambo ya mayiko a kumadzulo anayamba kufalikira ndi liwiro lalikulu. Izi zikuphatikizapo osadziwika kwa anthu otchedwa Slavic maholide, mwachitsanzo, Tsiku la Valentine, lomwe lafala kwambiri. Pofuna kudziwa momwe chikhalidwe chimakhalira, ndiyenera kutchula za kutchuka kwa zakudya zosiyanasiyana za dziko, mwachitsanzo, zakudya za ku Italy, Chinese, Indian ndi zina zimagawidwa kwambiri. Zonsezi zimalankhula za kusanganikirana kwa miyambo ya mayiko osiyanasiyana.