Kuwonjezera pa maluwa, palinso zokongola zomera. Sizimatulutsa pachimake kapena pachimake osati bwino kwambiri, ndipo zimakula ndi anthu chifukwa cha masamba awo okongoletsera zachilendo. Gululi lingaphatikizepo fern - imodzi mwa zomera zakale kwambiri padziko lapansi. Lero liri ndi mitundu yoposa 11,000, koma ochepa okha amagwiritsira ntchito kunyumba floriculture ndi horticulture. Nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo othunzi . Zina mwa mitundu yotchuka ya zomerazi ingatchedwe kutidiandian, nephrolepis , asplenium, platitseritum, pellei, pteris, ndi zina zotero.
Mafamu ndi osangalatsa chifukwa amabala m'chilengedwe mothandizidwa ndi spores, monga mahatchi ndi zipilala. Mikangano ndi mbewu, zochepa zokha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti anthu azibala mosavuta ndi kuzikongoletsa, ngakhale kutchova njuga: zikhoza kapena sizigwira ntchito? Kotero, tiyeni tiwone momwe dongosolo ili likuchitikira.
Makhalidwe a ferns ndi aakulu masamba aakulu, omwe amakula pang'onopang'ono. Pa tsamba la masamba, spores kapena mbewu zimapangidwira kuti zibereke fern.
Njira zoberekera za fern
Kubereka zoberekera kwa fern kumaphatikizapo njira ziwiri:
- Kufalitsa ndi spores . Mikangano ya zomera izi ziri mu sporangia pa pepala lililonse. Kunja amafanana ndi madontho ofiira kapena ofiira. Kuti muphunzire mwakhama, momwe ferns ikuchulukira, kudula tsamba kuchokera ku chomeracho ndi maonekedwe a fumbi la bulauni ndi kuziika mu thumba la pulasitiki. Iyenera kugwedezeka bwino, kotero kuti spores amalekanitsidwa ndi tsamba ndikugwedezeka pansi pa thumba ngati mawonekedwe a bulauni. Ndi bwino kuti tichite izi mwapadera, nthawi zonse kugwedeza phukusi. Kenaka njere ziyenera kufesedwa mu gawo lokonzedwa. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mchenga ndi peat, nthawi zina ndi kuwonjezera pa nthaka. Nthawi zambiri, zimaloledwa kutenga gawo lokonzekera la senpolia. Zokonzedwa zowonongeka ziyenera kuyendetsedwa kwa maola 4 kuti zitha kuthetsa tizirombo ndi namsongole. Kenaka chidebe chosalala chimadzazidwa ndi nthaka yonyowa pokhala ndi masentimita 3-4 masentimita ndipo spores amagawidwa pamwamba pake (safunikanso kuwaza). Chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi galasi kuti asunge chinyezi. Pofuna kumera spores za fern, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kutentha m'dera la + 25 ° C. Choyamba cha spores chimawonekera - chomera chochepa popanda mizu. Mosiyana ndi zitsamba zina, iwo ali ndi ziwalo zamwamuna ndi zazimayi, kumene maselo a kugonana amapangidwa. Mphukira ziyenera kutsitsidwa bwino ndi mfuti, chifukwa kokha ndi kukhalapo kwa filimu yowonongeka kudzachita umuna.
- Mtundu wobala zipatso . Ndizosavuta komanso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zomera zomwe zili ndi kukula kwina. Chitani bwino pa kugwa, patsiku lopatsirizidwa, kapena kumapeto kwa mvula, pambuyo poyamba kukula. Kuti muchite izi, agawikani chitsamba mu zigawo zingapo kapena musasunthike muzitsulo zosiyana. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kumvetsera nambala ya kukula (meristem) pa rhizomes. Njira ya vegetative imatanthauzanso kuberekana kwa njira ndi masamba omwe amapangidwa m'mphepete mwa masamba mu mtundu wina wa fern (mwachitsanzo, aspenteum). Koma nephrolepis ikhoza kuchulukitsidwa
Chifukwa cha mphukira zochepa zomwe zimafalikira pansi, monga sitiroberi ya masharubu. Kusiyanitsa zoterezi ndi kuziponya mu mphika wawung'ono. Mitundu ina ya nephrolepis imakhala ndi tuber, yomwe imapangidwa mochulukira pa mphukira pansi pa nthaka. Zingathenso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kubereka.
Kwa ferns omwe ali ndi kukula kokha, kuwonjezereka pogwiritsa ntchito mizu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mizu ya chomera iyenera kudula mwachangu ndi mpeni pakati pa rosettes. Ndiye chomera chirichonse chokhala ndi gawo la mizu chabzala m'nthaka, madzi okwanira ndi sprayed. Zomwe mungachite izi ndi zofunika nyengo yozizira.