Matenda osiyanasiyana a urinary system tsopano akukumana nawo nthawi zambiri. Ndipo ngati matenda ambiri opweteka kapena opatsirana angapezeke kudzera mu urinalysis, ndiye kuti cystitis, zotupa, zoopsa kapena miyala mu chikhodzodzo zimangodziwika mothandizidwa ndi cystoscopy. Imeneyi ndi njira yopenda yomwe phukusi lapadera - makina osokoneza bongo - amalowetsedwa mu urethra ndi kupita patsogolo mu chikhodzodzo. Mothandizidwa ndi makamera a kanema omwe amamangidwa mu cystoscope, malo amkati a dongosolo la mkodzo amafufuzidwa.
Mphuno ya chikhodzodzo ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi njira iyi. Zimaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa njira yapadera kudzera mu urethra, ndipo kuyesera kwa X-ray kumachitika. Koma khungu limakuthandizani kuti muzindikire ziphuphu ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Komabe, mu zochitika zovuta zomwezo zimathera makina osokoneza bongo. Chifukwa zikuwonetseratu bwino momwe chiwerengero cha mitsemphachi chikuyendera.
Kodi cholinga cha phunziroli ndi chiyani?
Makina osokoneza bongo amatha kuzindikira khungu la cystitis , magwero a magazi, kupezeka kwa miyala ndi mapilisi, maopaleshoni osiyanasiyana. Amachitidwa opaleshoni isanayambe kapena pamene wodwalayo akudandaula za kusakaniza koyambitsa ubweya, kupweteka pamene ukukaka, komanso pamaso pa magazi ndi kukhetsa mkodzo.
Phunziroli likuchitidwa mwa amayi ndi abambo. Amakhulupirira kuti cystoscopy ya chikhodzodzo mwa akazi ndi yophweka komanso yopweteka kwambiri. Izi zimachokera kufupi ndi urethra. Koma amayi ambiri omwe amasonyezedwa ndi kuyesera magazi ndi mkodzo amamuopa, akukhulupirira kuti ndi zopweteka kwambiri. Kuti musatengere mantha oterowo, muyenera kudziwa momwe cystoscopy ya chikhodzodzo imayendetsera.
Kodi njirayi imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Phunziroli likuchitidwa pa mpando wapadera. Chigawo cha urethra chimakondweretsedwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo apadera komanso jekescope. Zikhoza kusinthasintha, kukulolani kuti mutembenuzire njira zosiyanasiyana ndikuyang'ana pamwamba pa chikhodzodzo. Khungu lolimba kwambiri la cystoscope lili ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana, omwe amatsogoleredwa kumbali yonse. Chikhodzodzo chadzaza ndi yankho lapadera kapena madzi osabisa. Kuti mudziwe bwino, cystoscope yokha imathandizidwanso ndi gel osakaniza, yomwe imathandiza kuchepetsa ululu, komanso imalola kuti chipangizochi chizikhala mosavuta.
Musanaphunzire, chikhodzodzo chimadzaza ndi yankho. Izi zimakulolani kuti mudziwe momwe zimakhalira komanso zowawa za wodwalayo pakuzidzaza. Kenaka mbali ina ya yankho imatulutsidwa ndipo pamwamba pa chikhodzodzo mukuyesedwa. Ngati pus kapena magazi akupezeka, ayenera kuyambitsidwa poyamba. M'madera omwe mumasintha mucosa, biopsy imatengedwa. Kawirikawiri ndondomekoyi imatenga mphindi 10-15 ndipo sizimayambitsa zotsatira zovuta. Ngati cystoscopy imafuna kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwachipatala, mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa polyps, kenaka muzipereka kuchipatala pansi pa anesthesia. Ndondomekoyi ndi yophweka, ndipo kukonzekera kwa kansalu kosakanizidwa kwa chikhodzodzo sikofunikira. Komabe, ngati kachilombo ka HIV kamapezeka pakapita kafukufuku, ndiye kuti chithandizochi chiyenera kutsirizidwa musanachitike.
Zovuta pambuyo pa phunziro
Ndizochepa kwambiri, makamaka ngati njirayi ikuchitika ndi katswiri wodziwa zambiri. Koma nthawi zina pamakhala zotsatira zosasangalatsa za kapangidwe kake ka chikhodzodzo. Izi kawirikawiri zimachedwa kuchepetsa chifukwa chochitidwa ndi anesthetics, kupweteka pamene mukukonza chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mucosal. Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala makoma a chikhodzodzo kapena urethra. Amachiritsa kawirikawiri, komanso kuti wodwalayo samamva kupweteka pamene akukodza, amapatsidwa catheter yapadera pofuna kutuluka mkodzo.