Kusamala pa cytology ndikofunika kwambiri kupereka nthawi zonse kwa amayi omwe ali ndi zibwenzi zambiri, atayamba kukhala ndi moyo wogonana asanakwane zaka 18, afooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
Njira yothetsera kupweteka
Pali njira yokonzekera kuyamwa, yomwe imalola kupeza zotsatira zodalirika. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phunziroli lisatengedwe kale kuposa tsiku lachisanu la kusamba. Komanso osachepera tsiku muyenera kusiya kugonana, kuyambitsa mankhwala mu chikazi, kusinthana. Musamamate maola osachepera awiri musanapite kukaonana ndi dokotala.
Kupaka phokoso kumatengedwa ndi chingwe chapadera chokhala ndi zokhoma. Maselo ofunikira ayenera kutengedwa kuchokera kumbali ya flat flat and cylindrical epithelium (kusintha zone zone), ndiyeno nkugawidwa pazithunzi. Zigawo zamasinthidwe zimagwirizana ndi dera lakunja, koma zimasiyana malinga ndi msinkhu komanso msinkhu wambiri. Tsambali likuyambanso kutchedwa epithelium. Chosankha choyenera cha epithelium mwachangu ndi kofunikira chifukwa njira yoipa imayambira ndi zigawo zochepa za chiberekero cha chiberekero ndipo kenako zimapita pamwamba, pamwamba. Ngati choponderetsacho chimalowa m'kati, ndiye kuti matendawa ali olondola pokhapokha panthawi yotsiriza ya matenda a kansa.
Kafukufuku
Chiberekero ndi chiberekero chovala minofu, yomwe imatchedwa epithelium flat. Minofu imeneyi imateteza. Kawirikawiri, m'mayi wathanzi, epithelium mu smear ayenera kuwonetsa. Ngati siilipo kapena ilipo pang'ono, ndiye kuti izi zikhoza kusonyeza kuti alibe estrogens kapena atrophy ya maselo a epithelial.
Epithelium yosalalayo mu smear iyenera kuimiridwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo: maselo a m'kati mwake, maselo a pakati, ndi maselo a basal-parabasal wosanjikiza. Maonekedwe a maselo amasiyana malinga ndi gawo la kusamba. Azimayi otha msinkhu wobereka, epithelium yamtunduwu imamangidwanso nthawi zonse ndipo amalowetsedwa m'malo ndi malo atsopano masiku 4-5.
Smear zotsatira
Chizoloŵezi cha maselo a epithelium otetezeka mu chifuwa cha amai chimachokera ku magawo 3 mpaka 15 mmalo mwa masomphenya. Ngati pali epithelium yamtundu wambiri, izi zikhoza kusonyeza kutupa kwakukulu kapena ndondomeko yofalitsidwa posachedwa (kutupa kumatchulidwa ndi minofu yogwira ntchito).
Kupeza kwa maselo ochiritsira (kusintha) sikuyenera kukhala koyenera. Izi zikhoza kusonyeza dysplasia (mosiyana ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu), ndipo chiwerengero chachikulu chimasonyeza khansara.
Kusokoneza kachipatala kakang'ono ka epithelium m'mphepete mwa chidziwitso cha kachilombo ka HIV kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kukhalapo kwa magulu a maselo ofikira m'magazi a chipinda cha epithelium.
Mitsempha ya epithelium yamakono yomwe imakhala m'munsi mwazirombo zimayenera kukhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, monga mawonekedwe a zisa kapena mawonekedwe. Ndiponso, pakhoza kukhala maselo opukutira omwe cytoplasm imayambitsidwa ndi phula. Nthawi zina magulu a chinsinsi amapezeka m'maselo awa.
Ectopia ndizochitika m'thupi mwa chiberekero cha chiberekero, momwe zimachokera kumalo osungunuka a epithelium pamwamba pake, m'malo mwake n'kukhala ndi epithelium.