Mpweya wotchedwa endocarditis ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti mkati mwa makoma a mtima (endocardium) ndi ziwiya zazikulu zapafupi, komanso magetsi a mtima. Matenda opatsirana pogonana amayamba ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo:
- streptococci;
- staphylococci;
- enterococci;
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- nkhungu za mtundu wa Candida, ndi zina zotero.
Mpata wa matenda opatsirana
Kutenga nthawi zambiri kumakhudza mavitamini a mtima omwe amachititsa kuti thupi lawo lisinthe. Gulu loopsya limaphatikizapo odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la rheumatic, atherosclerotic ndi traumatic valve. Komanso, matendawa amapezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ma prostheses a valve komanso opanga mavitamini opanga mavitamini. Kuopsa kwa matenda opatsirana opatsirana kumawonjezereka ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amatha nthawi yaitali komanso amatsutsana ndi matenda a immunodeficiency.
Zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana otchedwa endocarditis
Kuwonetsa kwakukulu kwa matendawa ndi:
- malungo (nthawi zonse kapena wavy);
- thukuta;
- kufooka kwakukulu, kutopa;
- ululu m'chifuwa;
- tachycardia;
- kulemera kwa thupi;
- zowawa;
- khungu louma;
- kuthamanga kwa khungu;
- kuchepa kwa retina, ndi zina zotero.
Infective endocarditis - mndandanda
Mpaka pano, matenda opatsirana opatsirana anagawanika kukhala ovuta komanso osowa. Lero mawu awa sagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo matendawa amagawidwa motere.
Mwa kumidzi:
- chovala chamanja chamanzere;
- valve (prostatetic valve) (kumayambiriro ndi mochedwa);
- kumanja;
- yogwirizana ndi kukhazikitsa kwa chipangizochi.
Mwa njira ya matenda:
- zokhudzana ndi chithandizo chamankhwala;
- kunja kwa chipatala;
- yogwirizana ndi ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Malingana ndi mawonekedwe a matendawa:
- chochita;
- kubwezeretsedwa.
Kuzindikira kwa matenda opatsirana otchedwa endocarditis
Kuti mudziwe bwinobwino, njira zotsatirazi zikufunika:
- palpation ndi kukangana kwa mtima;
- kuyesa magazi ndi zamoyo zam'thupi (multiple);
- zojambula zithunzi.
Zovuta za matenda opatsirana endocarditis
Ndi matendawa, matendawa akhoza kufalikira kwa ziwalo zina, kuchititsa matendawa:
- Kuchokera pa impso: imafalitsa glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, focal nephritis, kulephera kwapakhosi kwapakhosi.
- Kuyambira pachiwindi: cirrhosis , hepatitis, abscess.
- Kuchokera kumbali ya ntchentche: abscess, splenomegaly, infarction.
- Kuchokera kumbali ya mapapo: pulmonary hypertension, infarction chibayo, abscess.
- Kuchokera kumbali ya pakatikati ya mitsempha ya ubongo: kupuma kwa ubongo, kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa ubongo wa m'mimba, meningitis , meningoencephalitis, hemiplegia.
- Kuchokera kumbali ya ziwiya: thromboses, vasculitis, aneurysms.
Ngati matenda opatsirana opatsirana sakhala ochiritsidwa, angapangitse mavuto oopsa:
- chisokonezo;
- ziwalo zingapo zolephera;
- vuto lalikulu la mtima;
- kumangirira mu ubongo.
Chithandizo cha infective endocarditis
Pamene matenda a "infective endocarditis" atha kupititsa patsogolo mankhwalawa. Kusankha kwa mankhwala kumadalira mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kumvetsetsa kwa maantibayotiki. Mankhwalawa amatengedwera intravenously pa nthawi zina pakati pa jekeseni (kuti mukhale ndi ma antibiotic m'magazi abwino). Komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ma diuretics, antiarrhymics, ndi zina zotero angathe kulamulidwa. Kutalika kwa mankhwala ndi mwezi umodzi. Panthawi yachipatala, mayesero amachidziwitso amachitika nthawi zonse.
Chithandizo cha opaleshoni chimafunika pamene:
- kusowa kwabwino kwa mankhwala ophera antibiotic;
- kuperewera kwa mtima;
- sepsis;
- chisamaliro cha mtima;
- kutenga nawo mbali mu ndondomeko ya valve ya prosthesis;
- chikumbumtima chachizolowezi.
Prophylaxis ya infective endocarditis
Kupewa matendawa, omwe amatenga mankhwala opha tizilombo, amachitikira odwala omwe ali pangozi m'milandu yotere:
- ndi mano ndi zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlomo, pamphuno, m'mapapo, komanso m'magazi;
- ndi m'mimba komanso njira zothandizira opaleshoni.