Diathesis kwa ana ndi vuto lalikulu. Atakumana nawo, makolo akuyamba kuyamba mantha. Chimene iwo samachita basi ndikutsegula moyo wa mwana wawo. Komabe, nthawi zina khama lawo silinapambane, ndipo amangosiya manja awo, osamvetsetsa momwe angapitirire.
Diathesis - Mitundu
Palibe buku lachipatala, limene ophunzira amaphunzitsidwa kuchipatala, palibe matenda oterowo. Chinthuchi n'chakuti mawuwa samasonyeza matenda enaake. Pomasulira kuchokera ku Chigriki, "diathesis" amatanthawuza "kusungunula" kapena "kutengera". Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mwanayo ali ndi kupotoka kosavomerezeka kwalamulo, chifukwa cha zomwe amachitira ndi fungo wamba, chakudya ndi zina zokhumudwitsa. Pali mitundu yosiyana ya diathesis kwa ana. Mmodzi wa iwo amasonyeza kuti mwanayo ali ndi matenda enaake.
Exudative-catarrhal diathesis
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri ya matenda. Amapezeka mu 75% ya ana. Matendawa amatha kuyenda m'njira zosiyanasiyana: ena ali ndi mawonekedwe ofatsa, ena amakhala ovuta. Pamene katswiri wamankhwala akupeza kuti "exudative diathesis" pansi pake, amatanthauza chizoloŵezi cha mwana kuchipatala. Kuwonjezereka kungakwiyidwe ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
- kudya;
- opatsirana;
- kukhala motentha nthawi yayitali;
- Njira zina zokhudzana ndi momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito.
Nervous-arthritic diathesis
Matendawa amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa uric acid wambiri mu plasma. Zinthuzi zimakhudza kwambiri CNS ya mwanayo, kuwonjezereka kwake kuchithunziro cha kunja. Kuonjezera apo, mkodzo wa diathesis umaphatikizapo kutumizidwa kwa mchere mu impso, pamagulu amodzi ndi ndulu. Nthawi zambiri matendawa amapezeka mu ana a miyezi 1-2. Ana awa ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- chisokonezo chagona;
- kuchepa kapena kutsutsana kwambiri (chifukwa cha kukula kwa minofu ya subcutaneous adipose) kupindula;
- nkhawa;
- matenda osungira;
- chifuwa cha maganizo.
Kuwonetsa koteroko kwa ana kumaphatikizidwa ndi syndromes otsatirawa:
- Neurasthenic - imapezeka mu 85% mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a ubongo. Mu zinyenyeswazi zowoneka kuti ziri ndi diathesis kwa ana, kukonzekera msanga kwa dongosolo loyamba la mitsempha likudziwika: iwo amayamba kulankhula mofulumira, ali ndi chidwi komanso ali ndi kukumbukira bwino. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ana awa amakhala osasunthika. Angakhale ndi tics wamantha, logoneurosis ndi mavuto ena.
- Mavitamini - nthawi zambiri amadziwonetsera mwa atsikana, koma poyamba msinkhu matendawa amapitirira. Mchere wa diathesis umaphatikizidwa ndi ululu wopweteka m'maganizo ndi m'chiuno, komanso mdima wa mkodzo.
- Mafinya amawonetseredwa ndi chidziwitso chodzidzimutsa komanso chodzidzimutsa, matenda oopsa, migraine ndi malo ochepa kwambiri a mtengo wa bronchial.
- Allergic-dermatological - matendawa ndi osowa kwambiri. Amadziwika ndi maonekedwe a khungu ndi chifuwa chachikulu.
Lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis
Pakuti mtundu uwu wa matendawa umakhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero cha ma lymphocytes. Komabe, maselowa alibe nthawi yakufika kukhwima, kotero sangathe kuchita bwino ntchito zawo. Lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis imapezeka kwa ana omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa thymus gland ndi zina za mitsempha yotchedwa lymphatic system. Ziwalo izi sizingagwire ntchito molondola. Chifukwa chake, chitetezo cha mthupi chimatha: mwana nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa amapezeka kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zifukwa za diathesis kwa ana
Nthawi zambiri anthu omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa asokonezeke ndi izi:
- umoyo;
- chisamaliro chosayenera cha zinyenyeswazi;
- chakudya.
Mwa cholowa chingathe kupatsirana matendawa:
- matenda a dongosolo la endocrine;
- hemophilia ;
- Matenda a dongosolo la m'mimba, chifukwa momwe kapangidwe ka michere ya zakudya imathyoledwa;
- matenda opatsirana;
- kulephera kuntchito ya kagayidwe ka shuga ndi zina zotero.
Diathesis mwa ana amatha kupezeka chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi. Mu zinyenyeswazi, dongosolo la kugaya ndilo msinkhu, kotero zinthu zotsatirazi zingayambitse choyimira:
- njira yosankhidwa yosayenera yopatsa chakudya;
- kukonda koyambirira;
- Kukhalapo pa zakudya za mwana-zotupa (chokoleti, uchi, mtedza ndi zina);
- Kudyetsa chakudya kuchokera ku tebulo lalikulu (shrimp, chips, caviar wofiira);
- kuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwala atsopano angapo;
- Kukhalapo pa chakudya cha mkaka wa mbuzi.
Kuonjezera apo, ana amodzi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena. Nthawi zambiri matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha magulu a mankhwalawa:
- anticoagulants;
- chithandizo;
- mankhwala otchulidwa kuti akhudze;
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- feteleza;
- NSAID ndi mankhwala ena.
Diathesis mwa ana obadwa angakwiyitse panthawi ya msambo. Kuoneka kwake kumakhudzidwa ndi zifukwa zingapo:
- zizoloŵezi zoipa za mkazi wapakati;
- toxemia yoyipa mu trimester yoyamba;
- Mpikisano wa Rhesus;
- gestosis ;
- chakudya chosayenera m'tsogolo;
- zovuta zachilengedwe.
Diathesis kwa ana - zizindikiro
Dziwani vuto lidzakuthandizani, zizindikiro zake. Kwa ana, zizindikiro za diathesis zingakhale ndi izi:
- khungu;
- Kutsekula m'mimba (mwa ana nthawi zambiri mpando ndi tinge wobiriwira);
- chisangalalo;
- chithunzithunzi cha masaya;
- kuwomba kwakukulu;
- chifuwa;
- kuwonjezeka pang'ono pa kutentha kwa thupi;
- kuthamanga ndi zina zotero.
Diathesis mwa ana - mankhwala
Ngati khungu la mwanayo kapena kuchokera apo, pali mitsempha, muyenera kuwonetsa msangamsanga dokotalayo. Pambuyo poyang'anitsitsa wodwala wamng'ono ndikuwunika ndi kulankhulana ndi makolo ake, adokotala amavomereza kuti apereke mayeso. Nthawi zambiri amatenga zakumwa zovundula kuti awulule, kaya pali dysbacteriosis. Kuonjezera apo, amapereka magazi apadera, omwe amalola kudziwa zowonongeka. Dokotala amadziwa momwe angachiritse diathesis. Adzakulangizani kuti ndiwothandiza kwambiri komanso otetezeka kuti asokonezeke.
Mankhwala kwa diathesis kwa ana
Mankhwala angathe kuuzidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito komanso kunja. Kusankha mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumachitika malinga ndi mtundu wanji wa chiwonetsero chowonetseredwa chomwe chikuwonetseredwa mwa mwanayo. Kawiri kawiri kuti mutenge, perekani mankhwala otero a diathesis:
- Zowonongeka , zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa matumbo kuchokera ku zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoopsa (Polisor, Enterosgel);
- mankhwala a probiotics, odzaza thupi ndi mabakiteriya othandiza (Lactobacterin, Bifidumbacterin);
- mavitamini (maofesi okhala ndi magulu A, B, C ndi E);
- mankhwala omwe cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa matupi a ketone (potassium calcium, Urodan, Allopurinol kapena Etamid);
- kuchepetsa kuyabwa (Valerian Extract, Barbamyl, Phenobarbital);
- maantibayotiki (Gentamicin kapena Ampiox);
- immunostimulants (IRS 19, Immunal).
Popeza adokotala samadziwa kokha mmene diathesis imawonekera, koma kuchuluka kwake kungayambitse bwanji vutoli, dokotala akhoza kupereka njira zoterezi kuti azigwiritsa ntchito kunja:
- Sudokrem;
- Fenistil gel;
- Lala;
- Mulungu wa Bepanten;
- Advantan.
Kuchiza kwa diathesis ndi mankhwala amtundu
Mankhwala ochiritsira sangagwiritse ntchito mankhwala a etiologic. Komabe, ikhoza kukhala Kuonjezerapo bwino, kupititsa patsogolo ndondomeko yowonzanso zinyenyeswazi. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala akuyenera kukhala koyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, chifukwa choopsa kwambiri chothandizira kuti mwanayo akhale ndi vuto. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito zimatha kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala odzola, mafuta onunkhira komanso opangira mankhwala. Kuonjezerapo, kuwunikira chikhalidwe cha ana kumawasamba.
Diathesis m'mana - mankhwala ndi mafuta ochokera ku birch tar
Zosakaniza:- Mafuta a nkhumba anasungunuka - 1 tbsp. supuni;
- birch tar - madontho angapo.
Kukonzekera, ntchito
- Zidazi zimasakanizidwa bwino ndipo mafuta odzola amaloledwa.
- Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa kuti akhale ochepa kwambiri pa khungu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kutukuka.
- Pamwamba, thupi liri ndi gauze, kenaka ndi pepala ndipo atakulungidwa muchisanu chofunda.
- Pakatha maola awiri mwanayo amasambitsidwa.
Mankhwala ozizwitsa a diathesis
Zosakaniza:
- Zakudya za ana - 40 g;
- mafuta odzola - madontho 7.
Kukonzekera, ntchito
- Zosakaniza zili zosakaniza.
- Tsukani gruel kawiri kapena katatu patsiku m'madera okhudzidwa.
Chakudya cha diathesis
Ngakhalenso mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri sangawapereke zotsatira zowonjezera, ngati chakudya sichichotsa mankhwala opatsa mphamvu kuchokera ku zakudya. Komanso, nthawi yomwe diathesis imachiritsidwa, sikutheka kufotokoza chakudya cha mwanayo kumadyetsa. Thupi la mwanayo pakadali pano limayesedwa kwambiri ndi tizilombo tina tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, choncho zomwe zimachitika kwa chakudya chosazolowereka zimakhala zosadziwika.
Diathesis mu zakudya za mwana
Ndibwino kuti musachoke pa zakudya za ana zakudya zoterozo:
- maswiti;
- zipatso zokoma;
- zosuta;
- masamba, zipatso ndi zipatso zachikasu, zofiira ndi lalanje;
- chokoleti;
- wokondedwa;
- mtedza;
- zakumwa zopangidwa ndi dzira ndi zokometsera;
- mankhwala omaliza omwe amatha ndi zina zotero.
Ngati mankhwala otchedwa Diathesis akupezeka, mwanayo akhoza kudyetsedwa ndi zakudya zotere:
- buckwheat, mpunga kapena phala (kupatula semolina ndi tirigu), yophika pamadzi komanso popanda shuga;
- masamba obiriwira ndi oyera ndi zipatso (nkhaka, maapulo, kabichi);
- nyama yowonda (Turkey, kalulu, nkhuku kapena nyama yamphongo);
- zakudya zamkaka zopaka mafuta ndi mafuta ochepa.
Diathesis mwa mwana - chakudya cha mayi
Ngati mwanayo akudyetsa zachilengedwe, ndiye kuti nayenso ayenera kusintha zakudya. Diathesis mwana wakhanda amatha msanga ngati amayi samapatula zakudya zake monga zakudya:
- sauces;
- chakudya chamzitini;
- zosuta;
- zipatso za citrus;
- mowa;
- mtedza;
- mazira;
- sitiroberi;
- khofi ndi tiyi wamphamvu;
- chokoleti;
- wokondedwa.
Kupewa diathesis kwa ana
Kuti asamalire chitetezo cha mwana kuchokera pa chitukuko cha chithunzi chomwecho, mkazi ayenera kupita patsogolo, ngakhale panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati. Diathesis mwa mwanayo pamaso sangaoneke ngati akuwoneka, ngati mayi wamtsogolo:
- kudya moyenera;
- iye anasiya zizolowezi zake zonse zoipa;
- akuwona boma la tsikulo;
- Amathera nthawi yambiri panja;
- Amatsatira ndondomeko ya azimayi.
Kupewa diathesis kwa makanda ndi ana akuluakulu akuyimiridwa ndi zochitika izi:
- Nthawi zonse kuyeretsa koyeretsa m'nyumba.
- Kutaya ziweto.
- Kusunga nthawi yaitali kwa kuyamwitsa.
- Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a hypoallergenic mankhwala.
- Kukana kwa oyendetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo: mizimu yotsutsa, mpweya wabwino.
- Kukonda zovala kwa mwana kuchokera ku nsalu zachilengedwe.
- Kukana zida zapamwamba zochitidwa ku China.
- Kuyamba kwa zakudya zothandizira, monga momwe adokotala akuyendera.
- Wonjezerani makungwa a khunyu.