Courgettes - kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera, zinsinsi za zokolola zochuluka

Amaluwa ambiri akukula m'mapiri a zukini, kubzala ndi kusamalira kumbuyo kwawo sikovuta kwambiri. Amakondedwa chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwawo kulima, kukoma kakomedwe komanso makhalidwe abwino. Chilengedwe chonse chingakhale chokazinga, chowombedwa, zamzitini. Pamene mukukula ndi kusamalira zamasamba muyenera kuganizira zina mwazithunzi.

Yabwino mitundu ya courgettes kuti lotseguka pansi

Zucchini wam'munda ndi chikhalidwe cha herbaceous, zikwapu zake zokhala ndi masamba asanu ndi atatu zimapanga chitsamba cholimba ndi kuchuluka kwa azimayi ndi azimuna omwe amapezeka pamtunda. Zipatso zimapezeka mumitundu yonse ya azitona, udzu, zoyera kapena zofiira. Kukolola kuphuka mofulumira komanso mochuluka kwambiri. Kugwira ntchito yosonkhanitsa mtsogolo kumayamba ndi kusankha mbewu. M'pofunika kudziwa kuti zukini zimakonda pamene zikukula, zomwe mitundu yabwino imagulidwa kuti iziswana mumzinda wakumidzi. Wotchuka kwambiri mwa iwo ndi:

Oyambirira - White swan, Zebra, Anna, Zolotinka. Iwo ndi ofunika chifukwa cha kukolola kwawo kwakukulu ndi kutalika kwa fruiting. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana Tsukesh imatchuka chifukwa cha khungu lake lofewa, lokonzedwa bwino. Chitsamba chimakhala chosasinthasintha, chimakhala ndi chipatso chophwima mu kukula kwa 50 sm ndi kulemera pa 0,4-1 makilogalamu.

Kuyambira pakati - Nephrite, Black wokongola, Kuand. Koposa zonse, makina a Macaroni ndi odabwitsa - pamene akuphika, thupi limakhala lopangidwa, ngati spaghetti.

Kutseka kwa nyengo - Tivoli, Nut, Long-fruited. Nthawi ya kumaliza kwawo ndi miyezi itatu, ndizovomerezeka kuti zisungidwe nthawi yaitali komanso nyengo yachisanu.

Makamaka zounikira - Aeronaft, Zebra. Zimakopa kugwirizana kwa kumtunda, kutetezeka kwa kusonkhanitsa.

Kubzala zukini panja

Ngati mukufuna, pakhomo padzakhala zukini, kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera zimapangidwa ndi mmera kapena mbeu. Kwa kuswana kusankha dzuwa, kutetezedwa kumalo a mphepo, bwino kumapiri otsetsereka. Kuunikira kwambiri, kumatulutsa zokolola ndipo mwamsanga fruiting imayamba. Pofuna kusonkhanitsa sikwashi, kubzala ndi kusamalira kumachitika pa webusaitiyi ndi any predestestamiami, kupatulapo dzungu. Chomeracho pambuyo pake sichiri chovomerezeka kudzala kwa pafupi zaka zitatu. Zomera zimakula bwino pamtunda wochuluka wautomoni, wothirira mbali zopanda mbali. Kukonzekera kwa nthaka:

nsanjayi imadzazidwa ndi manyowa kuyambira autumn, ngati kuli koyenera, mandimu ngati dothi lakhala lolimba;
Mu kasupe, 10-15 makilogalamu a kompositi yambewu, 50-60 g wa superphosphate, phulusa laling'ono la nkhuni limaphatikizidwa pa 1 mita ² .

Kubzala mbande za zukini pamalo otseguka

Kugwiritsira ntchito mbande kumakulolani kuti mupeze ndiwo zamasamba zambiri ndikuwonjezera zokolola. Mfundo za kulima kwake:

Pofuna kubzala, gwiritsani ntchito malo osungirako sitolo kapena kusonkhanitsa nokha, kusakaniza 50% ya peat, 20% ya nthaka ya sod, 20% ya humus yowuma komanso 10% wa utuchi. Kuonjezera acidity, mukhoza kusakaniza phulusa kapena choko. Kusakaniza kwasokonezedwa ndi njira ya manganese.
Mbewu ya chidutswa chimodzi imayikidwa m'mabhasiketi a peat 10 cm kudutsa. Amadzikitsidwa ndi masiku 2 cm 20 asanayambe kugwedeza pansi, ataphimbidwa ndi galasi, ndipo amasiya 20-22 ° C.
Kubzala mbewu za mbande kukonzekera kwa masiku oyambirira a May.
Mukamawombera mphukira, miphika imasunthira kumalo ozizira. Kutentha kwa masana kumakhala mkati mwa 15-18 ° C, usiku - + 13-15 ° C. Ndikofunika kuti mbeu zisatambasule.
Moisten monga coma imalira ndi madzi ofunda.
Mbeu zimadyetsedwa ndi mchere zosakaniza: patapita masiku khumi kuchokera pakamera mphukira, 5-7 g wa superphosphate ndi 2-3 g wa urea pa madzi okwanira 1 litre, odya theka la galasi la mphukira pa mphika. Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa madzi mullein 1:10 - 50 g pa chitsamba. Patapita sabata, pangani osakaniza 1 tsp nitrofoski pa lita imodzi ya madzi, pogwiritsa ntchito 1 galasi pamphika. Chlorini ya mavwende ndi mapepala amatsutsana.
Mbande zukini pamalo otseguka amaikidwa ndi mtanda wa gawo lapansi, imamera ku cotyledons.

Kubzala zukini mu nthaka ndi mbewu

Malamulo a kubzala mbewu:

Kumapeto kwa nyengo, malowa amadziwika, maenje amapangidwa ndi kuya kwa masentimita 10. Amayikidwa mchere wambiri ndi phulusa, kuphatikiza ndi nthaka;
Kufesa zukini pamalo otseguka pansi kumachita motere: 2-3 mbeu imayikidwa mu dzenje limodzi, kotero kuti ali muchisokonezo 5-7 masentimita;
Iwo amazaza dziko lapansi pamwamba pawo ndikukhala ndi udzu wouma;
Pambuyo kumera, mphukira yokhayokhayo yatsala, ena amaikidwa kapena kuchotsedwa.

Kodi nkofunika kuti zilowerere zukini musanadzalemo?

Kwa rooting, mbewu ikhale yokonzeka. Momwe mungayambire zukini mbeu musanadzalemo:

tulukani tsiku limodzi mu lita imodzi yamadzi ofunda ophatikiza ndi phulusa laling'ono lamatabwa (kapena zothetsera Zirkon , Epin);
Njira yachiwiri: Kutentha mbewu pa dzuwa kwa maola 24, ndiye mutatha kutentha maola 24 m'madzi otentha, pezani nsalu yonyowa kwa masiku 3-4 (gwiritsani ntchito + 22-24 ° C);
chifukwa cha njira zoterezi, mbewuzo zimabereka ndipo ziphuphu zocheperako zimayambira pa iwo.

Madeti a kubzala zukini panja

Kuphulika kwa mphukira kumachitika mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa kumera kwa mphukira zoyamba - kumapeto kwa May - kumayambiriro kwa June, pamene chodzala zukini mbande pamalo otseguka kale ndi otetezeka. Panthawiyi sipangakhalanso pangozi ya chisanu cha masika ndipo nthaka pamalowa imakhala yotentha - mpaka 13 ° C mpaka 8-10 masentimita, monga momwe agrotechnics imafunira. Mbewu imabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo (ngati njira iyi ya kulima imasankhidwa). Pofuna kuti chipatsocho chichotsedwe kwa nthawi yayitali, amafesedwa kangapo ndi masiku asanu ndi awiri. Kuti muteteze kuopsa kwa nyengo yozizira, chitsamba chilichonse chikhoza kuphimbidwa ndi botolo la pulasitiki.

Kutalika pamene zukini wabzalidwa

Kudyetsa kawirikawiri kwa courgettes ndi mbewu kumapangidwa malinga ndi chikhalidwe: chigawo pakati pa mizera pa siteti chiyenera kukhala 1-1.5 mamita, ndi pakati pa mabowo - pafupifupi mamita 1. Ndikokuti mitengo yosapitirira 3 iyenera kuikidwa pa 1 mamita ^{awiri a} webusaitiyi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti zikwapu ndi zamasamba zikhale bwino, chifukwa chomera chachikulu chimakhala ndi mbewu za zukini. Ziphuphu pobzala mbande zimaloledwa kuchita pang'ono.

Courgettes - kukula ndi kusamalira poyera

Kuti tipeze malo okongola a zukini, kulima ndi kusamala ziyenera kukhala mu ulimi wothirira, kusuntha mabedi, kudyetsa zamasamba, kumenyana ndi matenda. Kulima bwino kumawathandiza kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa zipatso ndi kukolola kokolola kolemetsa. Zukini - kubzala ndi kusamalira kuthengo ndi mawonekedwe a kulima kwawo:

ndi kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zomera;
Pofuna kukopa mavitamini, chitsamba chimakulungidwa ndi bokosi kuchokera ku asidi a boric ndi shuga;
pamene maluwawo akuyamba, ndipo palibe tizilombo pamtengowo, m'pofunika kuthandiza pokhapokha kuti chomeracho chiwonongeke - kuti awononge maluwa amodzi amodzi (omwe palibe ovary) ndi kulemba ndi pestle 2-3 stamens muzimayi rosettes;
mu gawo la 4-5 mapepala, chitsamba chimakhala chochepa, izi zimapanga mapangidwe a mizu yachiwiri;
Kumapeto kwa nyengo, okonzeka kudya masamba ayenera kukolola nthawi.

Ndi zukini zingati zatseguka pansi?

Mbewu za chikhalidwe zimamera msanga. Malamulo a tekinoloje yaulimi amapereka yankho losavuta pogwiritsa ntchito zingati zukini lotseguka pansi:

Pa tsiku la 5 mutabzala, pa 15-16 ° C, mphukira zoyamba zikuwonekera;
pansi pa zikhalidwe + 12-13 ° C, iwo adzakhala proklyutsya tsiku la 7;
zipatso chitsamba pambuyo 40-60 patatha masiku kufesa, malingana ndi mitundu.

Kodi kutentha kwa zukini pamalo otseguka?

Zomwe zimakhalira kukula pambali zimaphatikizapo kutsatizana ndi kutentha kwapakati pa 18 ° C mpaka 25 ° C. Chikhalidwe chikhoza kulimbana ndi kuzizira mpaka + 4-7 ° C, koma kwa kanthawi kochepa. Ngati kutentha kwakukulu kwa chilengedwe kumatenga nthawi yaitali, kukula kwa zipatso kumatha ndipo tchire zimafa. Mu kutentha, masamba akhoza kuuma, ovary sakha.

Kodi kuthirira zukini panja?

Garden zukini - kusagwedezeka kwa chilala, koma kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera kumachitika ndi chinyezi chokwanira cha nthaka. Kutalika kwa mvula ndi madzi kwa nthawi yaitali kumakhudza zokolola. Kuthirira zukini kutchire:

onetsetsani tchire madzulo ndi madzi ofunda;
kuthirira ndi kofunika, wopatsa - mlungu uliwonse ngati nyengo ya mitambo ndi kamodzi mu masiku 2-3, kutentha;
Thirani madzi pansi pa mizu, musamamwe madzi. Kubzala ndi kugona pamunda masamba akhoza kuikidwa pamtunda - bolodi, chidutswa cha slate, kotero sichivunda;
chiwerengero cha humidification ndi 8-10 malita pa m ² , chitsamba chikukhala ndi udzu;
Masiku khumi asanakolole, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa, kuti asanyoze khalidwe la chipatso.

Kusamalira zukini - kuvala pamwamba

Kufika pa tsamba la zukini zolimba, kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera kumatulutsa zina zitatu feteleza panthawiyi. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito ndandanda yotsatirayi:

Mapangidwe apamwamba. Anapanga mu June pamaso maluwa, zimalimbikitsa 10 magalamu a ammonium nitrate, 40 g wa superphosphate, 20 g wa potaziyamu yokonzekera pa 10 malita a madzi. Mitsuko ndi yokwanira kupanga makope 10.
Zukini - kachiwiri kudya ndi kudzikongoletsa. Zimaperekedwa pa nthawi ya maluwa, zomwe zimakhala bwino ndi 1 chikho cha phulusa wamba pamphepete mwa madzi. Chitsamba chimodzi chikusowa theka la lita imodzi ya yankho.
Kubwezeretsedwa kwachitatu. Chokonzedwa mu fruiting siteji: mu malita 10 a madzi, kuwonjezera theka la lita imodzi ya sitimadzi wa mullein ndi 1 tbsp. l nitrofoski. Chizoloŵezi cha njirayi ndi lita imodzi pa chitsamba.

Kusamalira zukini pamalo otseguka - kukupiza

Chisamaliro cha zukini pamalo otseguka kumaphatikizapo kusakaniza pa mitundu yolimba. Kumayambiriro kwa budding, iwo amachotsa tsinde lalikulu pamtunda wa mamita 1, ndikusiya kutalika kwakukulu masentimita 70 ndi masamba amodzi. M'tchire mitundu yotsekemera palibe chosowa. Koma chomera chotero ndi photophilous, kotero inu simungakhoze kubisala kubzala. Pofuna kupatulira pa siteji ya fruiting pamphukira, mapepala akuluakulu 1-3 pakati pa chikwapu akudulidwa. Njirayi idzawonjezera mpweya wabwino ndi kuyatsa kwa mphukira ndikupewa kuoneka kovunda.

Zukini m'dziko - matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Nthawi zina zukini, kubzala ndi kusamalitsa mosamala kumbuyo kumene kumatulutsidwa molondola, ukhoza kudwala kapena kuwonongedwa ndi zirombo. Amavutika ndi chikhalidwe komanso kukolola. Nchifukwa chiyani zukini amasamba chikasu pamalo otseguka?

Mphukira zosasweka zimakhudzidwa ndi fungal, powdery mildew , yomwe imawonetsedwa ndi mawanga ofiira. Malowa ayenera kupatsidwa chithandizo cha 10% cha Topsin fungicide.
Chimodzimodzi chikasu chimasonyeza kusowa nayitrogeni. Ndiye chitsamba chiyenera kukhala umuna ndi kulowetsedwa kwa nkhuni phulusa kapena nettle.

Polimbana ndi matenda a fungalomu sabata mutabzala, nthaka imachizidwa ndi 1% yankho la Bordeaux osakaniza kapena mkuwa wamakironi. Kulimbana ndi mafinya ambiri (nsabwe za m'masamba, whiteflies) amathandiza tizilombo Carbofos, Mtsogoleri. Slugs atenga nyambo: mdima wakuda umathiridwa m'mayenje, pamene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakwera pazinthu zokoma - amachotsedwa. M'dzinja malowa akulima kwambiri ndipo chaka chamawa amamanga chikhalidwe chatsopano.