Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za thanzi la munthu ndi mlingo wa cholesterol mu thupi. Pa nthawi ya moyo, chizindikiro ichi chimasiyanasiyana, choncho kwa m'badwo uliwonse, pali miyezo yoyenera. Munthu wamkulu akamakula, zimakhala zofunikira kuti ayang'ane chizindikiro ichi ndikuyesera kuti asalole kuti izi zitheke.
Cholesterol chabwino ndi choipa - ndi chiyani?
Mpaka posachedwa, panali lingaliro lomwe mu thupi la munthu kuchuluka kwa mafuta a cholesterol ayenera kukhala osatheka kwambiri. Izi ndizolakwika, chifukwa cholesterol ndi mbali ya maselo ndi maselo. Amapangidwa ndi thupi ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mahomoni, zidulo, kupanga maselo atsopano, kupanga vitamini D.
Cholesterol ikhoza kukhala ya mitundu iwiri: kutsika kwakukulu ndi kutsika. Kwa thanzi laumunthu, cholesterol chochepa kwambiri n'choopsa, chifukwa chake chimatchedwa "zoipa." Cholesterol chabwino ndi choipa amakhala pamodzi, malinga ngati ali ndi chiwerengero choyenera. Chokhala ndi "choipa" cha "choipa" chokwanira kwambiri komanso "zabwino" zambiri zimakhala zoopsa kuti mitsempha ya mitsempha ikhale yotsekemera komanso kuti maonekedwe a atherosclerotic aoneke. Choncho, pozindikira kuti cholesterol muzofukufuku zidzasonyeza momwe ziliri ndi mtundu wotani wa cholesterol.
Kufufuza kwa kolesterolini
Kufufuza kwa kolesterolini m'magazi kumaperekedwa ndi wodwalayo kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi. Izi zimapangidwira mavuto a mtima wamtima, endocrine pathologies, kunenepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a impso, chiwindi komanso kupewa amuna chaka chilichonse, kuyambira pa 35, komanso kwa akazi - kuyambira zaka 45. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mayesero a cholesterol:
- Kufotokozera kwadzidzidzi: kupezeka paokha-kuthamanga;
- onani cholesterol chonse;
- kusanthula kwapophysins lipoproteins;
- kufufuza kwa triglycerides;
- kufufuza kwa lipoproteins;
- Lipidogram ndi chidziŵitso choyesa chosonyeza kuchuluka kwake kwa mafuta m'thupi, otsika, otsika komanso otsika kwambiri lipoproteins, triglycerides.
Kufufuza kwa cholesterol - momwe mungakonzekere?
Pakuti chiyeso cha cholesterol m'magazi sichifunikanso maphunziro apadera, koma kuti chidziwitso cha deta musanayambe kuchipatala chiyenera kutsatira zotsatirazi:
- Tsiku lisanayambe, yesetsani kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi mafuta omwe mumadya, ndipo musamwe mowa.
- Uzani dokotala za mankhwala omwe atengedwa.
- Tsiku lisanayambe kuyesedwa, nkofunika kuchepetsa fiznagruzki ndikuyesera kupeŵa chisokonezo ndi maganizo.
- M'maŵa musanatenge magazi simungathe kusuta.
- Magazi amapereka pamimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa.
- Chakudya chomaliza chimachitidwa bwino maola 12 musanayese mayesero, koma sichikakamizidwa kukhala ndi njala kwa maola oposa 16.
- Musanayambe kutenga magazi, muyenera kukhala chete kwa mphindi 15-20.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji cholesterol?
Kuti mudziwe mmene mliri umayendera, kafukufuku wambiri wa kolera wa m'thupi nthawi zambiri amalembedwa. Chiyesochi chikuchitidwa mu labotale ndipo chimaphatikizapo kuyezetsa magazi. Mayeso a cholesterol akhoza kutengedwa mwezi umodzi atasiya mankhwala omwe amachepetsa mafuta m'thupi. Kuti zotsatira za matendawa zikhale zodalirika, moyo wodalirika uyenera kuchitidwa musanatenge mayesero, komabe tsiku limodzi musanayese kuyesedwa, ndibwino kuti malangizo omwe tatchulidwa pamwambawa atengedwe.
Cholesterol - chizoloŵezi cha amayi
Kawirikawiri ya cholesterol ndi msinkhu imatha kusiyana mosiyana m'mabuku ofotokoza, omwe ali okhudzana ndi zikhalidwe za magulu omwe maphunzirowo anachitidwa. Tebulo la mitsempha ya mafuta ya kolesterolisi sizimangowonjezera zikhalidwe zowonjezera, komanso chiwerengero chovomerezeka cha "zabwino" ndi "choipa" cholesterol. Chovomerezeka cha cholesterol mu magazi mwa amayi chidzafotokozedwa mmol / l kapena mg / dL.
Mu ma laboratori osiyanasiyana deta ikhoza kukhala yosiyana, koma zizindikiro zonse ndi zazikulu kuposa 5.2 mmol / l, zimafuna zina zowonjezera - lipidograms. Cholesterol komanso cholesterol chochepa mwa amayi onse pa msinkhu akhoza kusonyeza kukhalapo kwa mankhwala opweteka aakulu m'thupi. Mapulogalamuwa amatilola kufotokoza chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kolesterolini ndikuwonetsa ngozi ya kukula kwa kusintha kwa atherosclerotic mu thupi.
Cholesterol mwa amayi atatha 30
Pokhala ndi zaka, anthu onse amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol choipa, chomwe chimayambitsa maonekedwe a atherosclerotic mu zitsulo. Mwa amuna izi zimachitika kale, motero pokhala ndi zaka 30, mavuto omwe amabwera ndi cholesterol amatha kudziwika. Ngati kwa atsikana, kolesterolola yonse imalingaliridwa pamtundu wa 3,329 - 5,759 mmol / l, ndipo pambuyo pa zaka 30 chizolowezi chikukwera kufika 3,379-5,969 mmol / l. Chotsulotero cha HDL ("chabwino" cholesterol) ndi 0.93 - 1.99 mmol / L, ndipo LDL ndi 1.81-4.05 mmol / L.
Pambuyo pa zaka 35 m'thupi, akazi amatha kusintha kusintha kwa thupi m'thupi mwawo, zomwe zimachititsa kuti amayi azikhala ndi zaka zambiri. Mlingo wa progesterone umakhala wokwera kwambiri, womwe umathandiza kuti mafuta asapitirire kupitirira malire. Kwa akazi a zaka 35 mpaka 40, chizolowezi cha kolesterolini m'magazi chiyenera kusungidwa pakati pa 3,63 - 6,379 mmol / l, HDL - 0,88-2,12, LDL 1,94-4,45. Pambuyo pazaka 35, amayi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira za kulera, omwe amazunza fodya komanso osadya bwino, ali pangozi.
Kawirikawiri ya kolesterolini mwa amayi pambuyo pa zaka 40
Kwa amayi omwe adutsa zaka khumi zachinayi, njira zamagetsi zimachepetsa ndipo kupanga mahomoni amayamba kuchepa, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol. Zizolowezi zovulaza, zakudya zopanda thanzi, matenda a shuga, matenda oopsa kwambiri komanso maumuna a chibadwa ndizo zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi komanso kuwonjezeka kwa matenda a atherosclerosis.
Cholesterol, yomwe masiku ano imatha kusintha kuchokera ku 3.9 mpaka 6.53 mmol / l, imakula ndi matenda opatsirana, kumayambiriro kwa nthawi ya kusamba, ndi matenda osapitirira komanso okhudzidwa ndi matenda, kupsyinjika kwa nthawi yaitali. Cholesterol "chabwino" akhoza kukhala 0,88-2,87 mmol / l, ndipo "zoipa" - 1,92-4,51 mmol / l.
Cholesterol - chizoloŵezi cha amayi pambuyo pa zaka 50
Thupi la mayi pambuyo pa zaka 50 limayamba kukonzekera kuti ayambe kusamba. Kusamba kwa msambo kumayamba kutha, njira zamagetsi zimachepetsa, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha malo otchedwa atherosclerotic plaques. Cholesterol chokha pambuyo pa zaka makumi asanu ndi zisanu ndi makumi asanu ndi zisanu (55) kwa akazi ndi 4.20 - 7.38 mmol / l, cholesterol cha HDL chikhoza kufika 0.96-2.38 2.28-5.21 mmol / L, mndandanda wa LDL kuchokera pa 2.28 mpaka 5.21 mmol / l.
Cholesterol - chizoloŵezi chovomerezeka kwa akazi pofika zaka 55 mpaka 60 - chikhoza kusinthasintha kuyambira 4.45 mpaka 7.77 mmol / l. Za ndalamayi, cholesterol cha HDL chikhoza kukhala 0.96-2.5 mmol / L, komanso kwa LDL - 2.32-5.44 mmol / L. Makhalidwe amenewa samagwira ntchito kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima ndi shuga. Gulu ili la anthu liyenera kuyesa kukhala ndi mlingo wotsika wa kolesterolo.
Kawirikawiri ya cholesterol mwa amayi pambuyo pa zaka 60
Kusintha kwa thupi ndi mahomoni m'thupi pambuyo pa zaka 60 kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo wa kolesterolo. Kwa amayi, cholesterol ya magazi pazaka 60 ndi 4.45-7.69 mmol / l. Mwa izi, cholesterol cha HDL ndi 2.4 mmol / L, ndi LDL - osapitirira 5.7 mmol / l. Cholesterol iyi ndi yachizolowezi kwa akazi ponena za zaka, ngakhale zizindikiro izi ndizitali poyerekeza ndi zaka za amuna. M'nthawi ya zaka izi nkofunika kuyang'anitsitsa kayendedwe ka kolesterolini m'thupi ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala kuti athetsere.
Cholesterol yochuluka mwa akazi
Cholesterol yowonjezera imapezeka mu 25-30% ya akazi. Kuwonjezera apo, wamkulu wamkaziyo, wapamwamba kwambiri wa cholesterol - chozoloŵera kwa akazi ndi zaka, ndipo amatha kukhala ndi chiopsezo cha atherosclerosis. Pambuyo pa zaka 50, cholesterol imasinthidwa molimbika kwambiri, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa thupi la chitetezo cha thupi. Kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo wa cholesterol sikusokoneza bwino moyo, kotero amayi safuna kupita kwa dokotala kuti akadziwe mlingo wa mankhwalawo m'thupi. Kuchita kafukufuku wodzitetezera kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa magazi m'thupi , ndikofunikira kamodzi pachaka, kuyambira ndi zaka 45.
Cholesterol yambiri - zimayambitsa
Kawirikawiri, cholesterol chokwanira - chofala pakati pa akazi ndi zaka. Ndipo wamkulu mzimayi, pokhala okhulupirika kwambiri tebulo nthawi zonse imakhala. Kuwonjezera apo, cholesterol chokwanira nthawi zambiri chimakhala chifukwa cha zakudya zoperewera, zovuta ndi njira zamagetsi ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni. Pachifukwa ichi, chikhalidwe cha mafuta m'thupi chimakhala chokwanira. Nthawi zina ziŵerengero zapamwamba zikhoza kuwonekera kwa kanthawi. Izi zimachitika pa nthawi ya mimba, kumayambiriro kwa nthawi ya kusamba, ndikuvutika maganizo.
Poganizira momwe mungachepetse cholesterol m'magazi, muyenera kuganizira zifukwa za kuwonjezeka kwake. Zifukwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha mafuta m'thupi chiwonjezeke:
- zizolowezi zoipa, makamaka - mowa;
- kusowa ntchito;
- shuga ;
- matenda aakulu;
- Matenda a chithokomiro ;
- kunenepa kwambiri;
- matenda a impso.
Kodi mungatani kuti muchepetse cholesterol?
Pofuna kupewa mapangidwe a atherosclerotic plaques, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kuyenera kusungidwa muzovomerezeka. Ndi nambala yambiri ya "cholesterol" choipa, mungagwiritse ntchito malangizo monga cholesterol chochepa:
- Idyani zowonjezera , ndikuthandizani kuthetsa cholesterol chowonjezera. Amapezeka masamba onse ndi zipatso, mbewu, nthambi, mbewu zonse.
- Ndibwino kumwa mowa wophika madzi, makamaka apulo, lalanje, mphesa, beet, karoti.
- Chakudyacho chiyenera kukhala 5 pa tsiku ndipo chiyenera kukhala nthawi yomweyo.
- Muyenera kuwonjezera masewera olimbitsa thupi.
- Tiyenera kuyesetsa kupeŵa nkhawa ndi nkhawa.
- Muyenera kuchepetsa kulemera kwanu.
- Ndikofunika kuchotsa zizoloŵezi zoipa.
Cholesterol yotaya m'magazi
Za cholesterol nthawi zambiri amatchedwa chinthu chomwe chimangowononga thupi. Maganizo awa sali olondola, chifukwa cholesterol ndi gawo lofunikira la thupi. Thupili limapezeka mu memphane, limathandiza kupanga serotonin, imagwiritsidwa ntchito muzitsulo zamagetsi, imatulutsa minofu. Cholesterol chokwanira chingayambitse mavuto ndi thupi:
- akunena zachisoni;
- maonekedwe a kulemera kwakukulu;
- chitukuko cha shuga;
- zosokoneza mu ntchito ya chithokomiro;
- hypovitaminosis;
- matenda opatsirana ;
- chikhalidwe choyambirira ndi stroke .
Kutsekemera kolesterolini m'magazi - zimayambitsa
Kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa cholesterol kumasonyeza vuto la thanzi kapena zakudya zosayenera. Zomwe zimayambitsa zochepa za mafuta m'thupi ndi:
- zakudya zosafunikira zomwe zili ndi mafuta pang'ono ndi shuga wambiri;
- anorexia, mankhwala kapena kufooketsa njala;
- matenda a chiwindi;
- chikhalidwe chopsinjika nthawi yaitali;
- Matenda a chithokomiro;
- mitundu ina ya kuchepa kwa magazi;
- poizoni ndi zitsulo zolemera;
- chifuwa chachikulu, sepsis.
Kodi mungatani kuti muwonjezere kolesterolini?
Cholesterol yotere mwa amayi akhoza kufotokozedwa ndi zifukwa zingapo, zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa. Choncho, pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, ndikofunika kuti choyamba mudziwe chifukwa chake. Pambuyo pake, ndi zofunika kuti tiganizire za zakudya ndi moyo:
- Tikulimbikitsidwa kusiya makhalidwe oipa.
- Apatseni thupi ntchito.
- Zakudya ziyenera kukhala ndi zakudya zomwezo monga kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi: zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, mtedza, mbewu, nsomba za m'nyanja, mbewu zonse, tchizi, nsomba, mazira, zakudya ndi vitamini C.