Matenda a shuga amachititsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa thupi, kumakhudza pafupifupi ziwalo zonse ndikuyambitsa kusagwira ntchito. Choncho, imodzi mwa matenda omwe amafala kwambiri, omwe amakhala ndi odwala omwe amadalira insulini, komanso omwe amadalira insulini, ndi matenda a shuga, omwe impso ndizovuta.
Chiwerewere cha matenda a shuga - magawo ndi magawo
Izi zokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuphwanya kwa metabolism wa makapu ndi lipids m'magulu a impso, zomwe zimapangitsa kugonjetsedwa kwa mitsempha, arterioles, mapira a capillary ndi matope a chiwalo. Pang'onopang'ono, odwala matendawa amatha kugwira ntchito yawo ndipo amatha kuopseza moyo.
Mchitidwe wa dziko lapansi, kugawidwa kwa zovutazi mu nthawi zisanu, zopangidwa ndi Mogensen, kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane magawo omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amagawidwa amagawana, makhalidwe awo akuluakulu:
- Gawo loyamba ndi kuthamanga kwa chiwalo. Zimapezeka pachiyambi cha matenda a shuga ndipo zimakhala ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa mitsempha ya impso ndi kuyambitsa magazi mwa iwo, kuwonjezereka kosavuta ndi kusungidwa kwa mkodzo. Thupi palokha lakulitsidwa, pamene mapuloteni mu mkodzo asanapezeke.
- Gawo lachiwiri ndi kusintha koyambirira kwa chiwalo. Zimayamba kuzungulira chaka chachitatu kuyambira chiyambi cha shuga. Panthawiyi, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya impso kumapitirizabe kuchepetsa, kutentha kwa glomeruli, kufalikira kwa malo osungirako impso kumawonetsedwa. Mapuloteni sapezeka.
- Gawo lachitatu ndi nthenda yakupha. Lipoti la sitejiyi likuyamba pafupifupi kuyambira chaka chachisanu mpaka chaka chachisanu ndi chiwiri atatha kupeza matenda a shuga. Chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa kwakukulu kwa zitsulo za impso zowonongeka, kuwonjezeka pang'ono pa mlingo wa kusamba kwa madzi ndi kuchepa kwa maselo olemera maselo kupyolera mu fyuluta ya nsomba. Kugawidwa kwa mapuloteni osafunika kwenikweni ndi mkodzo kumayamba.
- Gawo lachinai ndi nthawi yomwe anthu amadziwika kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga. Zimatanthawuzidwa kwa odwala matenda a shuga omwe ali ndi "chidziwitso" kwa zaka zoposa 10-15. Panthawi imeneyi, mapuloteni ambiri amatha kupitilira mu mkodzo, mu thupi lokhazikitsa njira zimaphatikizidwira kuti zikhalebe zofunikira. Pali kuchepa kwa magazi m'm impso ndi kuchuluka kwa kusamba kwa glomerular, pali njira yowonongeka ya glomeruli.
- Gawo lachisanu ndilo uremic. Pafupifupi zombo zonse zimawonongedwa, sitingathe kuchita ntchito zosakanikirana. Pamapeto pake, chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa nsonga, kuledzera kumapangidwa ndi mapuloteni a metabolism, amphamvu proteinuria, kuchepa magazi m'thupi ndi zina zambiri zomwe zimachitika.
Diabetic Nephropathy - Zizindikiro
Nthenda yosagwidwa ndi matenda a shuga, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira za chitukuko chomwe sichidziwika bwino, ndizokhazikika kwa nthawi yaitali. Choncho, mu magawo 1-3, otchedwa preclinical, popanda maphunziro apadera, n'zosatheka kufotokoza kugonjetsedwa kwa impso. "Bell" yoyamba imapezeka nthawi zambiri kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi . Zizindikiro zina zokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matendawa:
- kupuma;
- kufooka kwakukulu;
- kuchepetsa kulemera kwa thupi;
- mutu;
- ludzu;
- chisokonezo;
- ammonia fungo kuchokera pakamwa;
- mpweya wochepa;
- ululu mu mtima;
- khungu louma;
- kuyabwa;
- malingaliro olakwika, ndi zina zotero.
Diabetic Nephropathy - Kudziwa
Chifukwa chakuti kafukufuku wamkulu wa ma laboratory sangathe kupereka chidziwitso pa zochitika zapadera za matenda, matenda a shuga ayenera kuzindikiridwa kwa odwala matenda a shuga mwa njira yapadera (ayenera kuchitidwa odwala kamodzi pachaka). Choncho, n'zotheka kudziwa kuti vutoli ndilovuta ndi mayesero awiri a ma laboratori:
- kuchuluka kwa albumin (mapuloteni) mu mkodzo;
- kudzipereka (kuyerekezera) kwa glomerular filtration rate kuganizira kuchuluka kwa magazi creatinine.
Kuonjezera apo, matenda a shuga a impso amapezeka ndi chithandizo cha maphunziro awa:
- kusanthula kwakukulu kwa magazi ndi mkodzo;
- kuyesa magazi;
- Doppler ultrasound ya impso;
- organ biopsy.
Diabetic Nephropathy - Chithandizo
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa chithandizo chothetsera vutoli ndi zotsatira zokwanira pazifukwa - msinkhu wa shuga waukulu m'magazi. Chinthu china chofunika ndikuteteza magazi ndi mphamvu zamagetsi. Chifukwa cha zizindikiro izi, kupewa matenda a shuga ndi kuimitsa mlingo wa zomwe zikuchitika zikuchitika.
Ngati kudziŵa kwa kanthaŵi kosafropathy mu matenda a shuga kumachiritsidwa bwino, ndipo zimadalira wodwala mwiniwakeyo. Kuwona zinthu izi zikuwonjezera mwayi wa zotsatira zabwino:
- zochitika zakuthupi zowonjezeka;
- kukana mowa ndi kusuta;
- kuchepetsa nkhawa;
- zakudya.
Chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga - mankhwala, mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumachitidwa pang'onopang'ono sitepe ya mavuto, kukhalapo kwa kusintha kwina kwa thupi. Mndandanda wa mankhwala oyambirira ndi awa:
- Mankhwala a hypoglycemic kapena insulini (ngati matenda a shuga ndi omwe amapezeka, mtundu wa shuga wa mtundu wa 2 umatulutsidwa ku insulin mankhwala);
- inhibitors ya mavitamini otembenuza angiotensin;
- otsutsa kashiamu;
- posachedwa;
- kuchiza;
- diuretics;
- kukonzekera chitsulo ndi calcium;
- zopangidwira, ndi zina zotero.
Hemodialysis wodwala matenda a shuga
Pamene kutupa kumakhala kwakukulu komanso kosagonjetsedwa ndi matenda a shuga, pali zizindikiro za kuledzeretsa koopsa, masomphenya ndi ofooka, omwe amasonyeza kuti pali vuto lalikulu lomwe limakhalapo ndipo likutsimikiziridwa ndi kusanthula, hemodialysis sitingapewe. Njira imeneyi ikuphatikizapo kuyeretsedwa kwa magazi pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapadera. Kawirikawiri, matenda odwala matenda a shuga amafunika kuti opaleshoni ikonzeke.
Kusagwirizana ndi matenda a shuga - mankhwala ndi mankhwala ochiritsira
Pazigawo zochepa, matenda a shuga amatha kupatsidwa njira zina, koma izi ziyenera kukambidwa ndi dokotala. Zimatsimikizirika kuti matenda monga matenda a shuga, nephropathy, kuthamanga kwa magazi amathandizidwa ndi kudya zakudya za mankhwala. Zomwe phytopreparations zikuphatikizapo:
- tsamba la bay;
- sage;
- chamamile;
- timbewu;
- kutsatana;
- yarrow;
- oats, ndi zina zotero.
Kudya ndi matenda a shuga
Chakudya choyenera ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zoyenera kuthandizira vutoli. Chakudya cha matenda a shuga a impso, mndandanda wa zakudya zomwe zimangokhala ndi zakudya zochepa zokha komanso zopanda mafuta, ziyenera kukhala zazikulu kwambiri. Chilolezo:
- masamba;
- mkaka;
- mkate wopanda mchere;
- mankhwala opangira mkaka;
- mafuta;
- nyama zonenepa, ndi zina zotero.
Choletsedwa:
- Kusuta nyama, mafuta odzola;
- marinades;
- tchizi;
- nyemba;
- bowa;
- chokoleti;
- caviar, ndi zina zotero.