Pakalipano, makampani azachipatala amapereka njira zosiyanasiyana zowonetsera njira zoyenera zogwirira ntchito kwa amayi a mibadwo yosiyanasiyana komanso zosiyana ndi za thupi. Komanso, njira zapadera zothandizira atsikana zakhazikitsidwa, zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa kwambiri pa thupi ndipo zili zoyenera. Njira zowonetsera kwambiri kwa atsikana aang'ono ndi mapiritsi ochepa. Kuwonjezera pa zotsatira za kulera, kutenga mankhwalawa kungathe kuimitsa mahomoni ndi kuthetsa mavuto okhudzana ndi msinkhu. Palinso njira zoterezi zothandizira atsikana monga, mphete, makandulo, pulasitala, zoumba, diaphragm, spimicides. Zida zonsezi zili ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zina. Ganizirani za njira zomwe zimawathandiza kuti asamakhale ndi pakati pa atsikana.
Kondomu
Mtsikana wotetezeka kwambiri angathe kugwiritsira ntchito kondomu. Makondomu samateteza kokha mimba, komanso amateteza matenda ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana komanso AIDS. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati palibe wokondedwa wanu. Komanso, ubwino wa kondomu pa mapiritsi ena ndi mapiritsi a kulera kwa atsikana aang'ono ndi kusowa kwa kuyankhulana ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi mayi wazimayi, komanso kusowa kwa zotsatira zomwe zimayambitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kugula makondomu n'kofunika kokha khalidwe lapamwamba, ndibwino ku mankhwala, monga kuswa kwa kusungirako zinthu, kungachititse kuti mankhwalawa asagwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi yogonana, choncho ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoberekera zachangu.
Mankhwala opatsirana mwachisawawa kwa atsikana
Mapiritsi a mahomoni ophatikizana amakhala ndi zotsutsana ndi zotsatira zina, koma zotsatira zowathandiza kulera ndizoposa 99%. Monga mankhwala apiritsi a atsikana aang'ono, kachilombo kawiri kamalandiridwa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi progestogen. Mapiritsi amakhudza endometrium ndi chiberekero cha chiberekero, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zovuta kuti umuna ulowe mu chiberekero ndi kukhazikitsa dzira. Ndi kuyang'anira bwino mankhwalawa kumakhudza kwambiri mahomoni, kusintha khungu, mkhalidwe wa tsitsi ndi misomali, kumathandiza kuthetsa ziphuphu za achinyamata. Ngati mapiritsi asankhidwa molakwika, ndiye kuonjezera kuvulaza thanzi ndi maonekedwe, samabweretsa chirichonse. Choncho, chithandizo choterechi cha atsikana monga mapiritsi chiyenera kulamulidwa ndi dokotala, chifukwa cha thanzi la mtsikana, nthawi zonse zogonana ndi zina zofunika. Mapiritsi opatsirana pogonana amalimbikitsidwa ndi kukhala ndi moyo wokhudzana ndi kugonana nthawi zonse komanso kupezeka kwa wokondedwa wodalirika.
Mankhwala ena ochepetsa mahomoni, monga jekeseni, implants, mphete yam'madzi, chigamba, amalembedwanso ndi dokotala.
Njira zothetsera kulera
Njira izi zothandizira kulera zimafunikanso malangizo othandiza. Chofala kwambiri ndi chithunzithunzi, kapu ya chiberekero, chinkhupule ndi makondomu apadera kwa atsikana. Ndalama zonsezi zimasankhidwa ndikuyikidwa ndi mayi wazimayi. Kuchokera kumayambiriro koyenera kwa ndalama kumadalira ndi kuthandizira, kotero kuti pamene msungwanayo saphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopinga, ndibwino kukaonana ndi dokotala ngati n'kofunikira. Njira zothandizira kuchepetsa kupatsirana kwa spermatozoa mu chiberekero cha uterine, komabe tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana kuti tiwone bwino.
Mankhwala opanga mankhwala
Njira zamagwiritsidwe ntchito zoberekera zikuphatikizapo umuna, mankhwala apadera omwe amakhudza ntchito ya spermatozoa. Amaphatikizapo makandulo, makandulo, jellies. Kuipa kwa mankhwala ndizochepa, koma 70 peresenti. Ubwino wa spermicides ndi kusowa kwa zotsatira.
Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana
Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana kwa atsikana, mpweya kapena mahomoni sangakonzedwe ndi akatswiri ambiri, makamaka ngati palibe njira zina zothandizira kulera. Mphuno imakhala ndi msinkhu wabwino kwambiri, wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso umakhala ndi moyo wautali. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, mpweya umachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a uterine, omwe ndi owopsa kwambiri ngati palibe wokhala nawo nthawi zonse. Mofananamo, mpweya ukhoza kuyambitsa kutupa kwa ziwalo zoberekera. Monga lamulo, zipangizo za intrauterine sizivomerezedwa kwa atsikana osaphunzira.
Njira zochizira zoberekera
Njira zoterezi, monga kutentha ndi kalendala, zimakhala zochepa kwambiri ndipo zimafuna zina
Momwe mungatetezere msungwana ayenera kufotokoza katswiri. Sikovomerezeka kudalira uphungu wa anzanu, ndipo ngakhale mwatchutchutchu ndi mwayi, ndipo zingabweretse mavuto. Mtsikana aliyense amene ayamba kugonana ayenera kusamalira thanzi lake. Ngakhalenso gwero lodalirika la chidziwitso sichidzalowetsa uphungu wa dokotala, monga lirilonse lirilonse liri lokha, ndipo pokha pokhapokha kuganizira zinthu zonse kungathe kusankhidwa njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yowonjezera yobereka.