Mu ultrasound kukayezetsa mutu wa fetal, mu phunziro lachiwiri ndi lachitatu la kuyang'ana, nthawi zonse zimaperekedwa ku kapangidwe ka ubongo ndi kukula kwa zinyama za ubongo.
Ventriculomegaly ya zowonongeka zowonongeka m'mimba - ndi chiyani?
Mwachizoloŵezi pali zinyama 4 za ubongo. Mu makulidwe a thupi loyera la ubongo pali awiri a iwo - mapulotera oyambirira a ubongo, omwe ali ndi nyanga yam'mwamba, yam'mbuyo ndi yamtunda. Pothandizidwa ndi maulendo ozungulira, amatha kugwirizana ndi katemera wachitatu, ndipo amagwirizanitsa chitoliro cha madzi ku ubongo wachinayi womwe uli pansi pa rhomboid fossa. Chachinayi, chotsatira, chikugwirizanitsidwa ndi chingwe chachikulu cha msana. Iyi ndiyo dongosolo loyanjana ndi zitsulo. Kawirikawiri, kukula kwake kwazing'onoting'ono za ubongo kumayesedwa, kukula kwake sikuyenera kupitirira 10 mm pamlingo wa zinyama. Kukula kwa zinyama za ubongo kumatchedwa ventriculomegaly.
Ventriculomegaly m'mimba - zimayambitsa
Kuwonjezeka kwa zinyama za ubongo, choyamba, kungakhale chifukwa cha kusalongosoka kwapakati pa dongosolo la mitsempha (CNS). Viceli akhoza kukhala okhaokha (dongosolo la mitsempha chabe), kapena kuphatikizidwa ndi ziphuphu zina za ziwalo ndi machitidwe, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi matenda a chromosomal.
Chinthu china chofala cha ventriculomegaly ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Matenda a cytomegalovirus ndi a toxoplasmosis ndi owopsa kwambiri, ngakhale kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingayambitse ubongo, ventriculomegaly ndi hydrocephalus. Zowonjezera zomwe zimayambitsa ventriculomegaly zimaphatikizapo zowawa kwa amayi ndi fetus.
Kuzindikira za fetus ventriculomegaly
Mosiyana ndi fetal hydrocephalus, ventriculomegaly imatulutsa mpweya wa ubongo kuposa 10 mm, koma osachepera 15 mm, pamene kukula kwa mutu wa fetal sikukuwonjezeka. Amadziŵa kuti ventriculomegaly ndi ultrasound, kuyambira pa masabata 17. Zingathe kukhala zosakanikirana (kukula kwa chiwombankhanga chimodzi kapena imodzi ya nyanga zake), chokhalitsa chokha popanda zoperewera zina, kapena kuphatikizidwa ndi ziphuphu zina za ubongo ndi ziwalo zina. Ndi zowonongeka zowonongeka, zowononga chromosomal, monga Down's syndrome, zimapezeka 15-20%.
Ventriculomegaly m'mimba - zotsatira
Kuchuluka kwa ventriculomegaly mu mwana wakhanda ndi kukula kwa zowonjezera zam'mimba mpaka 15 mm, makamaka ndi mankhwala oyenera, sangakhale ndi zotsatira zolakwika. Koma ngati kukula kwake kumadutsa 15mm, hydrocephalus ya mwanayo amayamba kukula, ndiye zotsatira zake zikhoza kukhala zosiyana kwambiri - kuchokera ku matenda a CNS omwe amabwera kumwalira.
Kuwonjezereka koyambirira ndi kofulumira kwa ventriculomegaly ndi kusintha kwa hydrocephalus, kuwonjezereka kwa maulosi. Ndipo pamaso pa zizoloŵezi za ziwalo zina, chiopsezo chokhala ndi mwana ali ndi vuto lachilendo (Down syndrome, Patau kapena Edwards syndrome) limawonjezeka. Imfa ya fetus kapena imfa pa nthawi ya zowawa ndi ventriculomegaly ndi 14%. Chitukuko chokhazikika pambuyo pa kubereka popanda kusokoneza CNS n'zotheka kokha mwa 82 peresenti ya ana opulumuka, 8 peresenti ya ana
Ventriculomegaly mu fetus - mankhwala
Mankhwala othandizira mankhwala a ventriculomegaly amayenera kuchepetsa ubongo wa edema ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi mu ventricles (diuretics). Kupititsa patsogolo zakudya za fetal ubongo, antihypoxants ndi mavitamini amanenedwa, makamaka gulu B.
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala ochiritsira, amayi akulimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yochuluka mu mpweya watsopano, wophunzitsira thupi lachidziwitso pofuna kuthandizira minofu ya pansi.