Sterkfontein Caves


Pafupi ndi Johannesburg ndiko kukopa kwa South African Republic - Caves of Sterkfonteyn. Ndi maholo asanu ndi limodzi omwe ali pansi.

Tiyenera kutchula kuti lero iwo amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa malo otchuka otchuka padziko lonse lapansi.

Kodi muyenera kuyang'ana chiyani?

Pafupifupi zaka 20-30 miliyoni zapitazo, pamtunda wa mamita 55 kuchokera pamwamba, mapanga oyambirira a Sterkfontei anayamba kupanga. Pa nthawi yonseyi, stalactites, mabango, zipilala ndi stalagmites zapangika m'mabwalo awo m'njira zodabwitsa. Zonsezi zikufanana ndi ufumu wachinsinsi pansi pano. Mwa njira, iyo inapangidwa chifukwa cha kuti dolomite, yomwe inapanga thanthwe, inagwera pansi pa mphamvu ya madzi apansi, omwe anali ndi calcium carbonate.

Kufufuza mitundu yonse ya grottos, m'modzi mwa iwo mungathe kuona nyanja, yomwe anthu okhala ku Johannesburg amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Malingana ndi miyeso yake, kutalika kwake ndi mamita 150, ndipo m'lifupi ndi mamita 30.

M'mapanga anapezedwa mafupa oposa 500 a anthu akale, zikopa za nyama zikwi zingapo, zombo 9,000 zamakedzana komanso zidutswa 300 za matabwa. Tsopano iwo ali mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale za Paleontology ndi museum wa Dr. Broome, umene uli ku Johannesburg .

Koma chodabwitsa kwambiri komanso chochititsa chidwi cha alendo oyenda padziko lonse kupita ku zochitika, chinali chodziwika kwambiri cha akatswiri a anthropologist ochokera ku South Africa . Kotero, posachedwapa phalala la chala, dzino la mizu ndi mafupa awiri anapezeka. Archaeologists asonyeza kuti kupeza kumeneku kuli kwa munthu amene anakhalako zaka 2 miliyoni zapitazo.

Ndipo akatswiri ochokera ku yunivesite ya Witwatersrand ananena motere: "Zotsatira izi zimabweretsa mafunso ambiri omwe ndi ovuta kuwayankha. Mafupa ndi apadera, choyamba, ndi machitidwe osadziwika. Malinga ndi dzino lomwe linapezeka, ilo linali loyambirira kwa mtundu wa Homo, mwinamwake ndi mtundu wa "habilis" kapena Homo naledi (malo ake oyambirira anapezeka mu 2013 ku South Africa mu phanga la "Rising Star", dera la "Cradle of the People").

Tiyenera kunena kuti zoyamba za munthu wakale zinapezeka mu 1936 ndi Dr. Robert Broome wotchuka.

Kodi mungapeze bwanji?

Mapanga a Sterkfontein ali pamtunda wa makilomita 50 kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Johannesburg , m'chigawo cha Gauteng. Mutha kufika pano ndi zonyamula anthu (№31, 8, 9). Nthawi yoyendera ndi pafupi ora limodzi. Mtengo ndi $ 5.