Salmonellosis mwa ana amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Chilumbachi chimakhala m'nyengo yozizira-nthawi yamasika, makamaka ngati nyengo ikuyaka. Matendawa ndi ofunika kwambiri, choncho ndibwino kuti mutenge kuchipatala mwamsanga mutangoyamba kuwoneka.
Zifukwa za salmonelis ana
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa matenda osasangalatsa komanso osayenerera omwe angakhudze ana. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa - bacterium Salmonella - ndi a banja lalikulu la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mitundu 2,000. Ndipo chiwerengero chikuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse. Salmonella ikhoza kuchuluka mu chakudya ndikukhalabe osadziwika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngakhale chakudya chikukhala ndi mabakiteriya, sizingatheke kuwona izi ndi maso.
Nkhuku yaikulu kwambiri ya salmonella mu mazira ilipo, koma makamaka zinyama zonse ndizo zonyamulira za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zomalizazi zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana za moyo. Mabakiteriya amalola kulemekeza, kuyanika, kutentha kwambiri. Iwo akhoza kukhala m'fumbi kwa nthawi yaitali. Salmonella particles akugona pa zovala ndi zovala. Zambirimbiri, mabakiteriya ali mu zinyontho zouma.
Salmonellosis ya njira yopatsira anthu
Pali njira zingapo zazikulu. Nthaŵi zambiri, matenda a salmonella amapezeka motere:
- Kupyolera mu chakudya. Monga lamulo, mabakiteriya amapezeka muzakonzedwe kuchokera ku nyama, mazira, mkaka, zomwe sizidakonzedwe bwino asanayambe kutumikira. Nthawi zina matenda amapezeka mutatha kumwa madzi osatetezedwa. Zimakhalanso kuti salmonella mu mkaka wa makanda amabwera, koma milandu yotereyi ndi yachilendo.
- Pamene phulusa phulusa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Salmonella ikhoza kupezeka m'zipinda zopanda bwino.
- Kuyankhulana ndi njira zapanyumba. Choncho nthawi zambiri, makanda ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Ngozi kwa iwo akhoza kuimira chirichonse: matebulo a nsalu, mapiko, azinyalala, manja a makolo ndi anamwino, zidole.
- Chifukwa cha kukhudzana ndi ziweto. Salmonella kwa ana nthawi zambiri imayamba pa chifukwa ichi. Nyama zikhoza kukhala zathanzi, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti tsitsi lawo liri loyeretsa kwathunthu ndipo palibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Transplacental. Zimakhalanso kuti salmonella imaperekedwa kwa ana "mwa cholowa".
Salmonellosis - nthawi yopuma
Mosasamala kanthu momwe salmonella imafalikira, matendawa amayamba kukula kwa maola 6-72. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yowonjezera matendawa ikuchokera maola angapo mpaka masiku atatu. Nthawi yake imadalira thanzi komanso mphamvu za chitetezo cha mwana. Ngakhale zizindikiro siziwoneka - zomwe sizowoneka - wodwala amakhala chonyamulira ndipo amafunikira chisamaliro choyenera.
Salmonella - zizindikiro
Pali mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana ya matendawa. Salmonellosis mwa ana akhoza kukhala m'mimba kapena obadwa. Zachiwirizi zimagawanika kukhala typhoid ndi septic. Mtundu wa matenda amtundu wa m'mimba ndi wosavuta. Zachilengedwe zimawonjezereka kwambiri, ndipo ngati zisanyalanyazidwe kapena zonyalanyazidwa bwino, zingayambitse imfa.
Ndi mawonekedwe a m'mimba, wodwalayo ali ndi salmonellosis amamva kupweteka pamimba pamtunda komanso kuzungulira phokoso. Komanso, pali zizindikiro monga:
- chisokonezo ;
- kutentha;
- chitsime cha madzi ndi zosayera zamagazi;
- kusanza;
- kuponderezedwa.
Mankhwala otchedwa typhoid salmonelisis ana ali ofanana, koma masiku angapo atatha kutenga kachilombo, zizindikiro za matendawa zimayamba kufanana ndi typhus. Khungu la odwala ochepa limadzazidwa ndi chiwombankhanga, nthenda ndi chiwindi zikulitsidwa kukula. Matenda a mtundu uwu ndi owopsa komanso ochepa - nthawi zina zizindikiro sizikhoza kutha mwezi umodzi.
Fomu yoopsa kwambiri ya septic. Kwa ana ndi okalamba, omwe matupi awo amafooka, amapezeka. Zizindikiro za salmonellosis sizimangokhala zizindikiro za kumwa mowa. Matendawa amadziwika ndi chitukuko cha matenda opatsirana mu ziwalo zosiyanasiyana: mapapo, impso, chikhodzodzo. Pa milandu yovuta kwambiri, pali kuwonongeka kwa meninges.
Kutentha pa salmonellosis
Ndi mtundu wofatsa wa matendawa, kutentha, monga lamulo, kumapitirira ma digiri 37-37.5 ndikubwerera kuchidziwitso pambuyo pa masiku 1-3. Mawonekedwe olemera-amodzi akuwoneka ndi malungo a madigiri 38-39. Kodi kutentha ndi salmonellosis ya mitundu iyi ndi yotani? Nthaŵi zambiri, osapitirira masiku 4. Muzovuta kwambiri, chigawo cha thermometer sichigwa pansi pa madigiri 39. Mudziko lino, wodwalayo ali pafupi masiku asanu.
Chikhalidwe cha sitima ndi salmonellosis
Kutsekula m'madzi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda. Zamadzimadzi zamadzimadzi ndi salmonellosis zimapezeka pakati pa zizindikiro zoyamba. Pamene matendawa akukula, mitsinje ya mitsempha ndi mitsempha yamagazi imayamba kuonekera mmenemo. Pamene salmonella imafika kwa ana panthawi yovuta kwambiri, nyansi zimakhala zobiriwira. Mtundu wa nyansi zofiira nthawizonse nthawizonse zimakhalabe zazikulu.
Kufufuza kwa salmonellosis
Malangizo ake angapezeke kwa akatswiri otere:
- chithandizo;
- gastroenterologist;
- dokotala wa banja;
- dokotala wa ana.
Kufufuza kwa salmonella kumachitika muzipatala zapamwamba ndi ma laboratories. Monga lamulo, kuti mudziwe bactero, m'pofunika kuyesa miyambo yosiyanasiyana ya ziwalo. Kwa ana, magwero a salmonellosis amatha kupezeka m'madzimadzi, kusanza, komanso ngakhale njira yothetsera mimba. Musanayambe kufufuza, musamapatse wodwala wamng'ono mankhwala alionse kuti asamawononge chithunzichi.
Chigawo chofunikira cha matenda a salmonella mu thupi la mwana ndi kuyesa magazi. Zophunzira za phunziroli zimachokera ku mitsempha. M'magazi, akatswiri angapeze ma antibodies enieni omwe amapangidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi pambuyo pozindikira mabakiteriya. Kufufuza uku ndi kovomerezeka, ngakhale kuphunzira kwa mabakiteriya sikunatsimikizire salmonellosis.
Kodi mungatani kuti musamalire salmonellosis?
Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi mankhwala ovuta. Musanayambe kulandira salmonellosis mwa mwana, m'pofunika kutsimikiza kuti akudwala matendawa. Wodwala aliyense amafunikira zakudya. Kuonjezera apo, odwala amawonetseredwa kuti ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso otiotropic. Kulimbana ndi salmonella kungakhale kunyumba. Kupititsa kuchipatala kumafunika kokha m'machitidwe akuluakulu a matendawa. Mu chipatala, ndi bwino kuti ana azisamalidwa chaka chimodzi.
Kukonzekera kwa salmonellosis
Mabakiteriya amatengedwa ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Maantibayotiki a salmonellosis amalembedwa pamwambo wa anawo. Monga lamulo, mankhwala okhwima amalembedwa pamaso pa zovuta kapena matenda oopsa kwambiri. Mwa zina zotchuka kwambiri komanso zogwira mtima n'zotheka kupereka mankhwalawa:
- Diclofenac ;
- Acesol;
- Lactasol;
- Pancreatin ;
- Chlosol;
- Njira ya Ringer .
Zakudya zabwino za salmonellosis mwa ana
Chakudya chabwino ndi choyenera ndi mbali yofunikira ya mankhwala. Zolinga za zakudya ndizokhazikika pa njira ya kudya, kuchepa kwa mucosa, kuthetsa kutupa m'matumbo. Kodi mungadye chiyani ndi salmonellosis? Kutangotha kachilombo ka HIV ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzimitsa tei ya madzi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mwana apereke tiyi wokoma, yokometsetsa pang'ono. Ana osapitirira chaka chimodzi amaloledwa madzi okha.
Pamene matenda a wodwala wamng'ono amachepetsa pang'ono, zakudya zake zimakhala zosiyana ndi zakudya zamtundu woyera ndi zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta ochepa komanso mafuta. Kuphika zakudya zonse zomwe mukufunikira kwa banja. Ngati ndi kotheka, chakudyacho chimadulidwa ndikukhala pansi pa puree. Dyetsani mwana wanu maulendo asanu ndi limodzi mphambu zisanu ndi limodzi pa tsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Ndi bwino kubwezeretsanso mankhwalawa:
- tchizi;
- ng'ombe;
- chophimba;
- mabala a nyama, nyama za nyama kapena nyama za nyama;
- nsomba zonenepa;
- maapulo;
- mbatata;
- kaloti;
- masamba owiritsa;
- zipatso zokaphika.
Salmonellosis - zotsatira ndi mavuto
Ngakhale pambuyo poti zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa zatha, simungaleke kuchipatala mpaka maphunziro onse atadutsa. Salmonella m'mwana angapangitse mavuto. Poyamba pali mavuto m'thupi. Makanda angadwale ndi kutupa ndi colic. Ngati mwanayo amachizidwa ndi maantibayotiki, kumbuyo kwa kayendetsedwe kawo, dysbacteriosis ikhoza kuyamba, yomwe nthawi zina imawoneka ngati kutsekula , kutsegula m'mimba .
Ana ena "kukumbukira" pambuyo pa salmonellosis pali zakudya zowonjezera - zowonjezera kapena kupuma. Pali vuto la khungu louma, kufiira kwake, kuyabwa kwakukulu. Zizindikiro za matendawa zimakhala zikuwonetsedwa pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zomwe zimatchuka kwambiri:
- zipatso za citrus;
- chokoleti;
- nsomba;
- mazira;
- nkhuku.
Prophylaxis ya salmonellosis
Zitetezo zingathandize kupewa matenda.
Kuti mwanayo sanagwire, m'pofunika kutsatira malamulo amenewa:
- Zinyama ziyenera kufufuzidwa nthawi zonse ndi veterinarian.
- Popeza salmonella mu chakudya cha ana chingakhalepo, kugula chakudya kumangokhalira kukhala ndi khalidwe labwino pazinthu zatsimikiziridwa.
- Kuchokera ubwana wa mwana ndi kofunikira kuti azizoloŵera kusamba m'manja musanadye chakudya komanso atapita ku msewu.
- M'nyumba, kuyeretsa konyowa kumachitidwa nthawi zonse pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala apadera ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.