Osati kokha woyang'anira wodziwa ntchito, koma ngakhale woyambitsa bizinesi amayenera kudziwa zomwe zimapindulitsa phindu ndi chomwe chiri malonda. Tikufuna kupeza zonse za phindu lamtundu uwu ndi zomwe marginal profit ikuwonetsera.
Kodi malire muchuma ndi chiyani?
Anthu ambiri amavomereza kuti malire a phindu ndi kusiyana kwa malonda kuchokera ku malonda omwe anagulitsidwa atalandira mtengo wamtengo wapatali, komanso chiwerengero cha chiwongoladzanja kuchokera pamabuku omwe akugulitsidwa. Nthawi zambiri mawuwa angapeze malonda ogulitsa ndi ntchito ya mabanki, m'madera a inshuwalansi ndi malonda. Pa njira iliyonse yeniyeni, mawonekedwe ena ndizofunikira. Pachifukwa ichi, malire amasonyezedwa mwa magawo, kapena kuchuluka.
Kodi phindu lapakatikati?
Wopanga bizinesi aliyense ayenera kuzindikira kuti phindu lokhazikika ndilo kusiyana pakati pa malonda ndi malonda osagwirizana. Kuti tipeze chisokonezo-ngakhale, phindu la mtundu uwu liyenera kuwonetsa ndalama zonse. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, kuyesa kumatengedwa pa unit of output ndi njira yonse, kapena kumagawidwa. Margin profit ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chuma chakugulitsa katundu wina. Mtundu uwu umakhala ngati ndalama zonse.
Nchifukwa chiyani timafunikira phindu lochepa?
Osati wamalonda aliyense akudziwa? Kodi malire ake ndi otani omwe amapindula nawo? Phindu limeneli likuonedwa kukhala chinthu chachikulu cha mtengo ndi phindu la malonda. Ikhoza kuwonetsa phindu la malonda ndikukhala kusiyana pakati pa mtengo ndi mtengo. Kawirikawiri amafotokozedwa ngati phindu kapena peresenti ya mtengo wapatali. Pali chisonyezero chomwe chimatanthawuza kusiyana pakati pa ndalama kuchokera ku kugulitsa kwa katundu ndi ndalama zomwe sizinali zowonjezereka za kampaniyo. Kaŵirikaŵiri amatchedwa malire aakulu.
Kusiyanitsa kwa phindu kuchokera phindu la kumtunda?
Kawirikawiri abambo amalonda amayamba chidwi ndi lingaliro loti phindu lapakati pa phindu likusiyana. Zina mwa kusiyana kwakukulu ndi:
- Phindu ndi ndalama za malonda, kusiyana pakati pa phindu kuchokera ku kugulitsa katundu wa ntchito zake zomwe zimagulitsa mpaka kufika pogulidwa.
- Malire ndi phindu ndizofanana. Kuposa malire a kampani, ndalama zambiri zitha kuyembekezera. Choncho, tikhoza kunena kuti kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa margin profit ndi phindu ndi kumene lingaliroli likugwiritsidwa ntchito
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mitsinje yambiri ndi phindu lapakati?
Ngakhale woyambitsa bizinesi ayamba kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa phindu ndi phindu lalikulu:
- Kuti mupeze phindu lenileni, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zachindunji kumawerengedwa kuchokera ku ndalama, ndipo chiwerengero cha ziwerengero chiwerengedwera pamtunda wa ndalama.
- Phindu lonse silili lofanana ndi malire, popeza ndalama sizikhala zosiyana nthawi zonse.
- Phindu lopindulitsa limasonyeza chiwonetsero chonse cha kupambana kwa kampaniyo, ndipo malipiro amkati amakupatsani mwayi wogula bizinesi ndikudziwa mtundu ndi katundu wa katundu omwe akupangidwa.
Kodi mungawerengere bwanji phindu lochepa?
Kuwerengera ndalama zapakati sikovuta. Ngati khama limapanga zakudya zingapo nthawi imodzi, ndiye kuti phindu lokhazikika ndi kuwerengera kwake ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Kampani ikamapanga zambiri, ndizochepa. Ikhoza kugwira ntchito mofananamo, popeza izi zingaphatikizepo mtengo woganizira.
Mukhoza kudziwa za phindu lopindulitsa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera. Njira yowonjezera phindu MP = PP - Zper ikuwonetsera kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zimakhudza mtengo wogulitsa. Pano MP ndi gawo lopindulitsa, ndipo PE ndi kampani yopindula, Zper ndi mtengo wotsika. Pamene ndalama zimangotengera ndalama za malonda, ndiye zimakhala panthawi yopuma.