Pamapiri a flowerbeds, mapiri a alpine ndi minda yam'mwamba, munthu amatha kupeza chomera chomera chobiriwira chomwe chili chobiriwira pamthunzi kapena mthunzi wa airstri, monga momwe amatchedwanso. Amatchula banja la kabichi. Tiyeni tipeze zambiri za maluwa okongola a Oreta - kukula kwa mbewu, kubzala ndi kusamalira.
Aubrieta - kubzala mbewu kumudzi
Mu anthu maluwa amenewa nthawi zina amatchedwa windbag. Dzina lake lachilatini iye analandira polemekeza wojambulajambula-wojambula kuchokera ku France Claude Aubry. Chophimba chowala chowala cha auras chidzakhala chokongoletsera kapena chobisika cha munda uliwonse m'chaka, ndipo masamba ake sadawonongeke m'nyengo yozizira ngakhale mu chisanu. Ngati chomera kumapeto kwa maluwa chitadula mphukira zonse, ndiye kuti nthawi yophukira imatha kupunthwa. Ambiri amalima maluwa adzakhala ndi chidwi chophunzira momwe angamere mbewu kuchokera ku mbewu.
Kufalikira kwa maluwa awa kungakhale njira yomera, ndikufesa mbewu pansi. Komabe, kumera kuchokera kumbewu kumunda nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti mitundu ikhale yochepa, motero amalimitsa obrite ku mbande, makamaka popeza chisamaliro chake n'chosavuta. Mukhoza kugula mbewu za zomera izi mu sitolo ya maluwa, koma idzaphuka, mosiyana ndi akuluakulu mumsewu, chaka chino kale.
Kodi kudzala chomera kwa mbande?
Zolinga za kufesa mbewu Mbande za mbande zimadalira malo omwe zidzakula. Kwa madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, pafupi masiku 70 mpaka 75 asanayambe kutentha (kumapeto kwa February), mbewu za zomera izi zingabzalidwe pakhomo. Mbewu zomwe zimakula motero ziyenera kubzalidwa m'munda mu April, ndipo idzayamba kuphuka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, mu June.
Momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu za obrityu?
Monga momwe amasonyezera, kubzala mbande ndi mbande pa mbande zimapangidwa bwino pamapiritsi apadera kapena makapu. Olima amaluwa amakonda kumera obrites mu vermiculite , zomwe zimathandiza kuti mbeu imere mwamsanga. Mu chidebe chilichonse ndi gawo losakanizidwa, mbeu zosaposa 2-3 zisabzalidwe. Pamwamba ndi mchenga wabwino wokhala osapitirira 5 mm ndi kuphimba ndi galasi kapena filimu yofalitsa. Pambuyo pa kuphuka kwa mbande, chovala choyera chiyenera kuchotsedwa.
Kodi nsaluyo ikuwonekera masiku angati?
Mbewu za maluwa awa, nyumba zamera za mbande, musati muzifulumira mofulumira. Kawirikawiri amawoneka patapita masiku 14-21 atatha kuikidwa m'nthaka. Kutentha mu chipinda, kumene muli zamasamba ndi mbewu, ziyenera kusungidwa mkati mwa 18-20 ° C. Mwamsanga pamene kuopsezedwa kwa chisanu kumadutsa, zomera zingabzalidwe pamsewu ndikupitiriza kusamalira maluwa okongola awa.
Aubrieta - kumera mmera
Osali wamaluwa ambiri amadziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mthunzi. Ndipo panthawiyi, chomerachi sichimakonda kusindikizidwa ndipo sichikhala bwino pambuyo pawo. Choncho, odziwa maluwa amalima amalangiza kufalitsa mbeu pa nthawi yofesa kotero kuti safunikanso kuti adzidwe. Kuonjezerapo, chifukwa chokula mbande, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito matanthwe osiyana, omwe mbande zomwe zimakula ndi kusinthika zimatha kuyesedwa bwino pa kama.
Momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu ndi mbeu pansi?
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zonse za maluwa okongola a mthunzi, momwe mbewu zimamerekera mutabzalidwa, kumbukirani kuti nthaka yotsekedwa chomwe chodzala chiyenera kubzalidwa mu kasupe, m'mwezi wa May, kapena mu autumn, mu mwezi wa Oktoba. Musanayambe kukula, dzikolo likuyenera kukonzekera. Malo omwe ali pansi pake ayenera kukhala dzuwa kapena pang'ono. Chokongola kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a obrite omwe anabzala m'mphepete mwa bedi la maluwa kapena pa phiri la alpine.
Chomera sichimakonda kwambiri dongo dothi. Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala ndi mchere, kukhala ndi thanzi komanso losavuta. Maluwawo amakhoza kumverera bwino pa mchenga wotchedwa loam komanso ngakhale nthaka ya miyala. Kubzala ma obrites ndikusamalira kumunda kuli ndi izi:
- tsitsani malo a namsongole;
- kukumba dothi ku kuya kwa 10-15 masentimita;
- timayambitsa nkhuni, laimu kapena phulusa;
- sungani malo osankhidwa;
- Timafalitsa mbewu;
- odzaza mchenga;
- kuthirira mbewu pamene akuuma.
Bzalidwa mu kasupe mu nthaka, mbewu zidzamera masiku pafupifupi 20, ndipo zomwe mumabzala mu kugwa zidzangobwera kasupe lotsatira. Pambuyo pa mbande za obrite, nthaka yomwe ili pansi pake iyenera kutsukidwa namsongole nthawi zonse, kumasulidwa ndi kuthirira madzi. Nthawi ziwiri kapena zitatu m'nyengoyi, nthaka pansi pa maluwa imatha kukhala ndi mchenga. Zomera zazikulu zimasowa feteleza, kotero musanamve maluwa, komanso pambuyo pake, idyani zakudya za obrite ndi feteleza iliyonse yovuta yomwe ilibe nayitrogeni, yomwe imayambitsa kukula kobiriwira.