Zimatengera khama kwambiri, kuleza mtima ndikugwira ntchito kuti mulere mwana wanu nokha. Nthawi ina, ana a amayi osakwatiwa anazunzidwa ndi anzawo komanso akuluakulu. Mwana wopanda papa ankaonedwa ngati wamanyazi kwa mkazi, ndipo panalibenso kulankhula za ana a amayi amasiye okhaokha. Koma, ngakhale kuti nthawi ndi miyambo zasintha, sikuti mkazi aliyense akhoza kudzipereka yekha kuti apereke moyo wathunthu kwa mwanayo. Dziko lililonse limapereka thandizo kwa ana a amayi osakwatira, kubweza ana komanso kupindula.
Koma mavuto omwe ana amakumana nawo a amayi osakwatiwa si nthawi zonse okhudzana ndi zinthu zakuthupi. Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti mkazi wosakwatira abereke mwana wopanda bambo, nthawi zambiri amai amawononga ana awo kapena, amayesetsa kuthetsa umunthu wawo. Pamapeto pake, ubale ndi ena umapangidwa motengera chitsanzo cha khalidwe, kuyambitsa mavuto polankhula ndi anzako. Matenda ofanana angabwere mwa atsikana omwe analeredwa opanda amayi. Kupulumutsa mwana ku zovuta zotere n'kofunika, mothandizidwa ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo, kuti apange chitsanzo cha khalidwe ndi mwana yemwe angathe kubwezera kuti palibe kholo. Zowonjezereka ndizovuta zachuma zomwe mayi wosakwatira ndi ana ake angakumane nazo. Inde, lamulo limapereka chithandizo ndi thandizo la ana kwa amayi osakwatiwa, koma, poyamba, si onse amadziwa za ufulu wawo, ndipo kachiwiri, kuti mupeze ndalama zochepa, nthawi zina mumagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yambiri ndi mphamvu. Ndipo komabe inu mukudziwa chithandizo chimene inu mungakhoze kudalira ndi momwe mungachikwaniritsire icho sichidzakhala chopanda pake.
Kodi ndani amaonedwa ngati mayi wosakwatira?
Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa yemwe akuwoneka kuti ndi mayi wosakwatira. Udindo umenewu ndi wofunika kwambiri popeza thandizo la boma kwa mayi wosakwatira.
Ku Ukraine, udindo wa mayi mmodzi yekha umapezedwa ndi amayi omwe akulera yekha mwana, pokhapokha mwanayo asanabadwe m'banja, bambo wa mwanayo amalembedwa ndi mawu a amayi kapena chifukwa cha kafukufuku wamankhwala. Ngati mayi wosakwatiwa wakwatira, koma mwamuna watsopanoyo sadziwa kuvomereza, ndiye kuti chikhalidwecho chimakhalabe. Amasiye amapezanso udindo umenewu.
Ku Russia, udindo wa mayi mmodzi yekha ndi woyenera ngati mwanayo sali pabanja, kapena masiku 300 pambuyo pa kutha kwaukwati, kapena ngati palibe kudzipereka kwaufulu kwa abambo. Ngati imfa ya mnzanuyo, udindo wake sungaperekedwe, ndipo mwana wa mayi salipidwa mwana mmodzi.
Kuthandiza amayi osakwatira
Pofuna kupeza phindu kwa amayi amasiye omwe ali osakwatiwa nkofunikira kusonkhanitsa zikalata ndikuyika ntchito ndi akuluakulu a chitetezo cha anthu komwe amakhala. Kuchokera mwezi wa ntchito komanso mpaka mwanayo atakwanitsa zaka 16 (ngati mwanayo ali wophunzira - ali ndi zaka 18), mayi wosakwatiwa adzalandira thandizo la mwana ndikusangalala ndi zomwe amapereka. Kuthandizira amayi osakwatira omwe ali ndi ana angapo amadzipangira yekha, malingana ndi ndalama komanso chiwerengero cha ana. Ubwino wa mwana wopanda mayi ndi ana awiri akuyesedwa payekha.
Zonse ku Russia ndi ku Ukraine kuli madalitso kwa amayi osakwatira mu sukulu ndi sukulu. Choyenera ndi kuchepetsa malipiro a ndalama ku thumba la sukulu yophunzitsa. Nthawi zina amatha kupatsidwa chakudya chamagulu, m'matumba amtundu wina ali ndi mizere yoyenera.
Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chachuma, malamulo amapereka ubwino kwa amayi osakwatira kuntchito. Choyamba, lamulo la Ukraine ndi Russia limapereka udindo wa olemba ntchito powapatsa ntchito kwa amayi osakwatiwa, ngakhale atakhala osagwira ntchito. Mofananamo, abwana alibe ufulu wotsutsa amayi a malo ogwira ntchito mopanda nzeru kapena chifukwa cha kuchepetsa antchito.
Ganizirani zosiyana za amayi omwe alibe amayi. Ku Russia, amayi amodzi omwe ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi amayi amodzi amaperekedwa kwa masiku 14 omwe salipidwa pa nthawi yowonjezera chaka, chomwe chingakhale ndi nthawi yolipira kapena yogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi ina iliyonse. Masiku osagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chaka china satengedwera. Ku Ukraine, amayi osakwatiwa ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi masiku asanu ndi awiri omwe amachokapo. Ngati mphotho yowonjezera sinagwiritsidwe ntchito pasanathe chaka, imasinthidwa chaka chotsatira. Pochotsa masiku onse osagwiritsidwa ntchito a nthawi yowonjezera amalipidwa. Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chofotokozedwa ndi malamulo a boma, mumzinda uliwonse pangakhale phindu lina.
Nthawi zambiri amayi osakwatira samadziwa za ufulu wawo. Kuti alandire thandizo la boma mokwanira, azimayi ayenera kuphunzira malamulo omwe amapereka phindu lopindula komanso opindula. Zidzakhalanso zothandiza kuchipatala chothandizira anthu pa malo olembetsera kuti alandire uphungu wothandizira pazomwe zilipo payekha.
Amayi osakwatira ndi amodzi mwa anthu osateteza anthu, choncho ayenera kudziwa bwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ufulu womwe wapatsidwa. Pambuyo pake, pa mapewa awo osalimba, iwo okha ndiwo ali ndi udindo pa moyo ndi tsogolo la ana.