Cholesterol, mosemphana ndi maganizo olakwika ambiri, sizowononga thupi nthawi zonse. Mbali imeneyi imaphatikizapo kupanga opangira mahomoni, bile, vitamini D, omwe amapanga maselo a membrane. Zotsatira zoipazi ndizochitika pokhapokha ngati mndandanda wa zochepa zotchedwa lipoproteins, mawonekedwe a cholesterol, kapena LDL akuwonjezeka - zomwe izi zikutanthawuza kwa wodwalayo, ziyenera kufotokozedwa ndi katswiri malinga ndi zomwe adapeza.
Kodi chimawopsa pamene LDL cholesterol mu kuyesa kwa magazi kukwezedwa?
Dziko lofotokozedwa limatchedwa hypercholesterolemia mu mankhwala. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa ngozi yake, m'pofunika kuyerekezera zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka kuti zimakhala ndi lipoproteins ndizofunikira. Kwa amayi a mibadwo yosiyana, ali:
- mpaka zaka 29 - 60-150 mg / dL kapena 1.55-4.1 mmol / l;
- 29-39 zaka - 70-170 mg / dl kapena 1.81-4.40 mmol / l;
- 40-49 zaka - 80-190 mg / dl kapena 2.07-4.92 mmol / l;
- 50-59 zaka - 90-220 mg / dl kapena 2.33-5.70 mmol / l;
- 60-69 zaka - 100-235 mg / dL kapena 2.59-6.09 mmol / l;
- zaka zoposa 70 - 90-215 mg / dl kapena 2.46-5.57 mmol / l.
Ngati mankhwala a LDL akuwonjezeka, chiopsezo cha kupanga mapuloteni a kolesterolini m'mitsempha ya mitsempha, kutseka kwawo komweko ndi kukula kwa matenda a atherosclerosis kumawonjezeka.
Kuonjezera apo, kupitirira miyezo yowonongeka kumayambitsa matenda a mtima ambiri omwe amachititsa kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka mitsempha ndi ma capillaries:
- myocardial infarction ;
- kupweteka;
- kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha yowopsa.
Ndi chifukwa chanji chomwe chikuwonjezeka LDL, ndipo izi zikutanthauzanji?
Kukhazikitsa zenizeni zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwerengero chazigawozi mu magazi chichitike kokha mutaphunzira mosamala za mbiri ndi kafukufuku wodwala.
Chowonadi n'chakuti LDL cholesterol imakwezedwa ndi Friedwald chifukwa cha choloŵa choloŵa cholowa kapena chophwanya malamulo a zakudya zabwino - kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa mafuta, mapamwamba-omwe amafanana ndi zakudya, zakudya, mkaka. Kuwonjezera apo, zotsatira za kusanthula zingakhudzidwe ndi zifukwa zakunja:
- Kukhalitsa nthawi yayitali kudya zakudya zowonongeka, kuphatikizapo kuzizira, kuuma ndi kuzizira;
- mimba;
- kutenga cormonosteroid mahomoni, androgens, anabolic steroids;
- kubereka magazi mu malo owongoka;
- kudya koyambirira kwa chakudya ndi zokhudzana ndi mafuta a nyama;
- kusuta;
- zochepa pa moyo;
- kusamutsidwa kwa zinthu zovuta kale, opaleshoni ya opaleshoni kapena matenda opatsirana.
Ngati magazi atulutsidwa molondola komanso panthaŵi yake, zifukwa zomveka zowonjezera mtengo wa LDL ndi:
- kukhalapo kwa zida zolimba mu ndulu;
- chithandizo;
- Matenda a nephrotic omwe ali kumbuyo kwa kutupa kwambiri kwa impso;
- kuchepa kwa chithokomiro mwa mawonekedwe a hypothyroidism;
- chisokonezo chachikulu;
- Kusokonezeka kwa bile (cholestasis), kupwetekedwa ndi chiwindi kapena chiwindi;
- matenda a shuga kapena mankhwala osayenera;
- kuperewera kwa chiwindi;
- khwangwala wamphongo;
- kunenepa kwambiri;
- chofufumitsa;
- kusowa kwa hormone yakukula m'magazi;
- anasamutsidwa "pa miyendo" yothamanga yamagetsi;
- glomerulonephritis ;
- gout;
- msinkhu wa matenda a atherosclerosis a mitsempha ya magazi;
- zisanayambe zakale;
- anorexia nervosa;
- kuwonetsa nthawi zonse kupsinjika kwambiri.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kufunika koyenera kwa LDL sikungakhazikitsidwe nthawi zonse pambuyo pa kupereka magazi. Choncho, monga lamulo, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti awerenge 2-3 nthawi ndi nthawi yochepa, kuchokera pa masabata awiri mpaka mwezi umodzi.