Gooseberries amakondedwa ndi anthu okhala m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi wamaluwa chifukwa chitsambachi ndi chopanda ulemu kwambiri, ndipo zipatso zake zili ndi zothandiza kwambiri komanso zokoma, zowonjezera komanso zosungira. Pofuna kupeza zokolola zochulukirapo, ambiri akudabwa za kubzala bwino kwa gooseberries. Magaziniyi mwina ndi yonyenga kwambiri pa kukula kwa zipatso za shaggy, ndipo imafuna kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane.
Kodi zimafalitsa bwanji gooseberries?
Ngati cholinga chofalitsa chitsamba ndicho kusunga mikhalidwe yosiyana siyana, ndiye kuti mbewuzi sizinayenera, chifukwa njira imeneyi ndi yosadalirika ndipo mwamtheradi siikuthandizira kusungirako zida zamtengo wapatali. Mbali imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakubereketsa, pamene mitundu yatsopano ndi hybrids imakololedwa pogwiritsira ntchito zovuta kuswana ndi kumasula.
Koma chifukwa cha zovuta za Phillipine munda ziwembu ndi masamba a minda nthawi zambiri ndi zofunika kusunga mitundu yomwe mumakonda, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zofalitsa za gooseberries.
Njira zotsatirazi zofalitsira zamasamba zimasiyanasiyana:
1. Kugawidwa kwa chitsamba. Njirayi ndi yabwino kwa zomera zoposa zaka ziwiri. Kuti achite zimenezi, chitsamba cha mayi chimafukula kugwa nthawi yayitali isanayambe chisanu kapena masika pafupifupi mwezi umodzi isanafike. Nthambi zakale zimachotsedwa ngati momwe zingathere, nthambi zazing'ono zimachepetsedwa, zomera zimagawanika ngati nkhwangwa, zomwe zimalandira mizu yomwe imakula ndi mphukira.
2. Kubalana kwa jamu ndizogwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndi wamaluwa wamaluwa, monga njira yophweka komanso yothandiza:
- Zingwe zopanda malire - zoyenera zitsamba pa zaka zazaka 3-4, ndi bwino kuti kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi mutha kukwera mpaka khumi. Kwa ichi, mphukira za chaka chimodzi zimasankhidwa kuchokera kumbali zonse za kuthengo ndipo zimalowa m'mizere ya dziko lapansi kotero kuti zimakhudzana nazo, sizikusowa kuti zikhale ndi dothi. Malangizo a mphukira ayenera kutsinidwa kwa 3-4 masentimita ndikukhala ndi zikhomo zamatabwa. M'chilimwe, achinyamata amawopera mapiri ndi manyowa, ndipo m'dzinja, zidutswa zadongosolo zimatha kudula kuthengo, kuzigawanika ndikubzala padera;
- Zigawo zooneka ngati ziboliboli zimakula mofanana, ndipo kusiyana kokha ndiko kukhala kuti ali pakati ndi ndodo imodzi yamatabwa, ndipo mapeto amakwezedwa mmwamba ndikugwirizanitsidwa ndi msomali woyamba. Kuchokera ku zigawo zowonongeka, mbande zing'onozing'ono zimapangidwa, koma zimakhala zolimba kwambiri ndipo zimayamba kubala zipatso mofulumira;
- Mitengo yowonongeka - Pomwe amalandira, mayi amawombera kumayambiriro kwa chaka, kusiya "mphukira" 15-20 masentimita pamwamba. M'nyengo yozizira ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi kusungunuka, ndipo pamene mphukira yachinyamata imakula mpaka 10-15 masentimita, pakati pa chitsamba chiyenera kukonzedwa ndi nthaka, kuti kuteteza nthambi kuti zisinthe. Dulani zigawo zowonongeka kuti mubzalidwe kumapeto kwa autumn kapena masika.
3. Kubalana kwa gooseberries ndi cuttings ndizothandiza ndipo ndizofunikira kwa mitundu ya America kapena ma hybrids omwe ali ndi Ulaya. Mitundu yotsatilayi yotsatira ikuwonekera:
- Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu ndi yophukira, pogwiritsa ntchito mphukira zapachaka zomwe zimatengedwa kumunsi kwa chitsamba. Mbali zakumtunda, kutalika kwa masentimita 20-25, ndizozika mizu;
- zobiriwira cuttings - zokolola m'chilimwe, pamene kukula kwa mphukira kuimitsidwa. Pachifukwachi, nsonga zobiriwira zimadulidwa ku nthambi zonse za msana wamkulu wazaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri ndipo zimachokera ku greenhouses. Kuti zitheke, magawo a magawo akhoza kusinthidwa ndi kukula kokondweretsa;
- kuphatikizapo cuttings - wobiriwira pachaka amawombera ndi chiwembu cha nkhuni zaka ziwiri pansi. Iwo ali ozika mizu komanso osakhudzidwa ndi zikhalidwe - ubwino wa nthaka ndi chinyezi cha mlengalenga.