Pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapakhomo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba iliyonse - firiji - zifukwa zambiri ziyenera kuganiziridwa: wopanga, miyeso, mizere ya zipinda zozizira ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi, malo awo, mtundu wa chisanu (kutaya ndi chisanu ), chiwerengero cha zitseko, mtundu ndi kunja. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kalasi yoyenera kugwiritsira ntchito firiji. Izi ndi zomwe tidzakambirana m'nkhani ino: Tidzakudziwitsani zomwe zili komanso momwe magulu ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu amagwiritsira ntchito bwino.
Gulu la mphamvu: limatanthauzanji?
Kuwonjezerapo chidwi ku mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi m'nyumba, tinayamba kulipira posachedwapa. Koma kilowatt iliyonse ya mphamvu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zopanda malire zachirengedwe za dziko lapansili: kukhala mafuta, mafuta, malasha. Vomerezani, m'nyumba muli zipangizo zambiri zogwirizana ndi magetsi. Ndipo firiji ndi imodzi mwa zipangizo zomwe zimagwira ntchito nthawi, miyezi, zaka, "kuyima" kilowatts pa mita ngati palibe chipangizo china. Ndipo pambuyo pake, malipiro a magetsi chaka chilichonse akuwonjezeka, omwe amasonyezedwa m'makiti amwezi. Choncho, opanga zipangizo zamagetsi apanga ntchito yowonjezera mafakitale ndi mphamvu zawo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi za friji ku Ulaya kunayambitsidwa, malinga ndi momwe magwiritsidwe ntchito kagwiritsidwe ntchito kamagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zilembo za Chilatini kuchokera ku A mpaka G. Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvuyo imayesedwa ndi mphamvu yowonjezera mphamvu, kuyerekezera kuyesedwa ndi njira yowonjezera yogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana - mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito firiji pa kW, kutentha kwa chipangizo chomwecho, chiwerengero cha makamera, voliyumu, mtundu wa kuzizira ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito.
Malasi ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu za firiji
Malinga ndi zizindikiro zonse, makalasi asanu ndi awiri (A, B, C, D, E, F, G) adapezeka koyamba chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zoyenera. Ponena za momwe mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya A ikugwirira ntchito, dziwani kuti firiji yomwe ili ndi chikhalidwe ichi iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu zopitirira 55%. Icho chinali firiji ndi chizindikiro ichi kuti mpaka posachedwa ankawoneka kuti ndi ndalama zambiri. Komabe, kupita patsogolo sikumayima, ndipo chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopanotu, zida zowonjezereka zinapangidwa. Choncho, kuchokera mu 2003, malamulo atsopano ayamba kugwira ntchito, malinga ndi momwe maphunziro a A + ndi A ++ ogwira ntchito kwambiri akuwonjezeredwa. Komanso, firiji ya A + sayenera kugwiritsira ntchito magetsi kupitirira 42%, ndipo chipangizo chopangira magetsi a A ++ sichiyenera kupitirira 30% mwa chikhalidwe cha normative. Mwa njira, gawo la makonzedwe onse a firiji ndi pafupifupi 70% ndipo ikuwonjezeka nthawi zonse.
Ngati tikulankhula za mphamvu B yogwiritsira ntchito firiji, ndiye kuti zipangizo zogulitsa mankhwala ndi zolemba zotere zimatengedwa kuti ndi zachuma, ngakhale, ngakhale pang'ono, kuposa kalasi A. Mndandanda wa mphamvu zake zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndizochokera ku 55 mpaka 75%. Firiji yomwe ili ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi C imatanthauzanso kulemera kwa magetsi, koma ndi chiwerengero chapamwamba (75 mpaka 95%).
Ngati pa firiji mumapeza chilembo chokhala ndi chilembo chogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu D, kumbukirani kuti chipangizo choterechi chili ndi mtengo wapatali (kuchokera 95% mpaka 110%).
Koma mafiriji otchulidwa E, F, G ndi omwe ali m'kalasi omwe ali ndi mphamvu yapamwamba komanso yapamwamba kwambiri (kuchokera 110% mpaka 150%).
Mwa njirayi, chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zopanda mphamvu, mafiriji omwe ali ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu D, E, F ndi G sanapangidwe zaka makumi angapo zapitazo.
Monga mukuonera, pamene mukugula firiji, muyenera kumvetsera kalasi yake yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu. Kulemba kwake kumawoneka pa thupi la chipangizocho mwa mawonekedwe a choyimira.