Amfiti a ku Japan: chifukwa chiyani amawopa ndi kulemekezedwa ngakhale m'zaka za m'ma 2000?

Japan ndi dziko la sayansi yamakono ndi ... mfiti zomwe zakhala zikusunga anthu mwamantha kwa zaka zambiri.

M'dziko la Dzuŵa, maganizo okhudza akazi omwe ali ndi mphamvu zowonjezera dziko lapansi ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi ku Ulaya kapena ku Russia. Anthu a ku Japan saona kuti ndi koyenera kupanga mazunzo motsutsana ndi iwo omwe amatha kulamulira zinthu, kuwomba ndi kuwononga.

N'chifukwa chiyani mfiti ku Japan zimadziona ngati zosankhidwa ndi maboma apamwamba?

Boma limeneli linanyalanyazidwa ndi Khoti Lalikulu la Malamulo chifukwa chakuti mfiti zam'deralo nthawi zonse zinali ndi udindo wapadera. Maimidwe a anthu am'deralo amapanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri kwa iwo: apa iwo amaonedwa ngati maonekedwe a milungu padziko lapansi. Iwo, monga amwenye, nthawi zambiri amapereka chithandizo kwa anthu - kuwononga kapena kubwezeretsa mwamuna ku banja la mfiti sizidzakhala zovuta. Monga lamulo, ambiri a iwo amakhala m'mapiri - chifukwa chakuti pali mzere wabwino pakati pa dziko lonse la anthu ndi mizimu. Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 900 mpaka lero, akhala akutenga maulamuliro ochokera kwa akuluakulu a boma kuti athandize pakukonzekera kapena kukopa mwayi.

A mfiti onse ku Japan amagawidwa kukhala oyera ndi akuda, koma ngakhale otsiriza sali oponderezedwa. A mfiti azungu amathamangitsa mizimu yoipa kuchokera kwa anthu ndikulimbana ndi mphamvu zoipa, iwo amatha kupita ku njoka kapena nkhandwe. A mfiti wakuda amawaphatika nawo kumenyana, kuthandizira choipa kuti alowe m'dziko lachivundi kuchokera kudziko la akufa ndipo akhoza kubadwanso mwamsanga ngati kadzidzi. Onsewo ndi iwo omwe ali m'dzikomo amatchedwa "azimayi a dziko lapansi" kuti athe kusankha zomwe zidzachitike padzikoli. Ena a iwo amadziwika ndi mwana aliyense ku Japan: nkhani zokhudza azungu amphamvu amauzidwa naye kusukulu.

Fox ndi misala isanu ndi iwiri

Pozindikira kuti anthu a ku Japan amapereka mowolowa manja, wina aliyense amene anamva za Tamamo-amayi-onyoza komanso onyenga omwe ankakhala moyo wautali komanso amabweretsa mavuto ambiri kwa anthu. Kwa zaka masauzande iye anali pansi, atalandira mphatso kuti atembenuke kukhala nkhandwe kuchokera kwa mfiti woyera yemwe anapha. Tamamo-palibe amayi omwe adakhala m'matupi a anthu ena ndipo adayamwa mphamvu zofunikira, adalenga ziwonetsero zomwe sizikanatha kusiyanitsa ndi zenizeni ndikusunga nthawi. Chizindikiro cha ukulu wake, adawona khungu la golidi ndi mchira zisanu ndi zinayi, akugogomezera mphamvu yake.

Kwa zaka 3500, Tamamo ndi amayi sanawononge ufumu wa Japan, koma adatha kuibweretsa ku nkhondo yapachiweniweni ndi kukwaniritsa imfa ya mafumu awiri. Olamulira a ku China ndi India, adasiya chifukwa, atatha kuwakakamiza kuti azichita zachiwerewere komanso nkhanza. M'zaka za m'ma VIII pansi pa dzina lake Mizukume adakondweretsa mfumu ya ku Japan ndipo anakhala mkazi wake. Mwamsanga atangokwatirana, adamupweteka, koma adathawa atamuimba mlandu. Mfumuyo inkafunikira gulu lankhondo la amuna ndi mivi 80,000 kuti lipeze ndi kumupha. Koma chilango chake chinasankhidwa: posakhalitsa anafa, monga oloŵa nyumba. Zimanenedwa kuti mzimu wa Tamamo ndi amayi sanakhazikitsidwe mwala waukulu, umene palibe wina akufuna kukhudza.

The Yamauba Cannibal

Mchipululu chakuya cha mapiri a ku Japan ankakhala mayi wachikulire Yamauba, yemwe dzina lake limatanthauza "mfiti wamapiri". Anthu am'deralo anamutcha Onibaba: tsiku lomwe adabisala m'nyumba yake, ndipo usiku - anasanduka mtsikana wokongola ndipo adadikirira anthu oyenda. Anapereka chakudya ndi malo ogonekera usiku, ndipo atatha kugona, adagonjetsa ndikudya amoyo. Asanamwalire, omenyedwawo amakhoza kuona nkhope yeniyeni ya mayi wachikulire wokalamba ali ndi kimono yokhala ndi mano ambiri. Ndipo komabe inu mutha kuthawa: Yamauba adasunga maluwa osawoneka m'nyumba yomwe moyo wake unamangidwa. Iye amene adamupeza angapeze mphamvu pa mkazi wakale ndikupulumutsa moyo wake.

Mosiyana ndi amuna, atsikana ambiri amafuna mwadala mwa msonkhano ndi Onibaba. Anawapatsa nzeru zokhudzana ndi zamatsenga ndi zamankhwala, koma mobwerezabwereza adafuna kusiya gawo la moyo. Pamene mfiti woipa adaganizira ndi ntchito yabwino: adapeza mwana wamwamuna m'nkhalango, ndipo adalenga mphavu ya nthano za ku Japan Kintaro.

Virgin wa Chipale

M'madambo a anthu a ku Japan mpaka lero akuyembekezera Yuki-onna kapena "Snow Maiden". Uyu ndi mtsikana yemwe amatha kukhala kosatha ndi wokongola kwamuyaya. Yuki-onna ali ndi tsitsi lalitali kwambiri komanso khungu loyera. Iye samapha omwe amazunzidwa mwakamodzi: cholinga cha mfiti ndi kuwapangitsa iwo kugwa mu chikondi ndikukhala naye. Pamene anthu amaiwala za chirichonse padziko lapansi ndipo avomerezana kukhala ndi Virigo m'nyumba mwake, zobisika m'chipululu, iye amachotsa pang'onopang'ono mphamvu za moyo kuchokera kwa iwo mpaka kufa.

Pamene Yuki-onna adakondana ndi samamu okongola ndikupulumutsa moyo wake. Koma mwamuna wake ankakonda kwambiri kusamba ndipo nthawi zonse ankamupangitsa mfiti kuti azikondwera naye. Atamukakamiza kuti amukakamize, Yuki-onna pafupifupi anakhala wosangalatsa. Kotero iye anasiya kukhulupirira mu chikondi ndipo anakwiya ndi kugonana kolimba kwambiri.