Kusanthula kwa Spirometry ndiko kuphunzira za kupuma, kumene akatswiri amadziŵira mphamvu yake ndi liwiro. Kuphunzira koteroko ndikofunikira kuti adziwe matenda, njira imodzi kapena yowonjezereka yogwira ntchito yofooka, kapena kusakanikirana kwa oxygen m'thupi.
Mitundu ya spirometry
Lero pali mitundu 4 ya zitsanzo za spirometric:
- mayeso ogwira ntchito, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera - bronchodilators, kuchotsa bronchospasm.
- kuyesa kupuma bwino;
- kukakamiza kuthamangitsidwa;
- kuyesa mpweya wabwino.
Zitsanzozo zimagwiritsira ntchito chipangizo chapadera - chojambulira, chimene chimakulolani kuti muyese kuchuluka kwa mpweya umene umachokera m'mapapu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza momwe dzikoli likuyendera, lomwe ndilo gawo lofunikira kuti mudziwe ndi kuchiza matenda ena.
Zosiyana ndi zolinga za spirometry m'mapapo
Njira iyi yofufuza ilibe malire pa zaka zomwe zimakhalapo ndipo sizikutsutsana.
Zimakhulupirira kuti spirometry iyenera kuchitidwa ndi onse osuta, kamodzi pachaka, kuti ayang'ane momwe boma likuyendera ndipo, ngati kuli koyenera, azindikire kusokonezeka kwa nthawi.
Spirometry ikhoza kuzindikira matenda a m'mapapo, matenda a mtima, ndi kuphunzira njira yabwino yopuma .
Njirayi imakulolani kuti muzindikire mphumu yowonongeka , matenda obisala, komanso sarcoidosis.
Spirometry
Kuti njirayi igwiritsire ntchito spirometer, yomwe imasonyezeratu kukula kwa mpweya wotayika ndi wotulutsa mpweya. Kusunga sterility ya ndondomekoyi, chipangizochi chimaperekedwa pazomwe zimapezekedwa.
Choyamba, wodwala akufunsidwa kuti apume mpweya ndikupuma mpweya wake, kenaka muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mwakachetechete, kenako mutenge mpweya wabwino. Mu matenda akuluakulu a m'mapapu, njirayi ikhoza kutenga masekondi 15. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mpweya, wodwalayo akupemphedwa kuti atenge mpweya wake, atenge mpweya wake ndi kutulutsa mpweya.
Pachiyambi choyamba, kupuma mokwanira kumayesedwa, ndipo m'chiwiri - mphamvu yakutha.
Kuti molondola deta, ndondomekoyi ikuchitidwa katatu ndipo ndondomeko yowerengeka imatuluka.
Kujambula spirometry
Spirometry ili ndi zizindikiro zingapo:
- YAM'MBUYO YOTSATIRA MITU YA NKHANI
- FVC - ndi kutulutsa mpweya, kusiyana pakati pa mpweya wa m'mapapo kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa kutuluka kumatengedwa;
- FEV1 - voliyumu yothamanga mumphindi woyamba;
- PIC - mlingo wa mpweya;
- MOS - kuthamanga kwa kayendetsedwe ka mpweya pamapeto pake.
Miyezo ya spirometry
Zotsatira zotsatirazi zimatsimikiziridwa pa parameter ya LEL, yomwe imatuluka mu magawo:
- kawirikawiri - oposa 90%;
- zofunikira - 85-90%;
- Kusiyana kwakukulu - 70-84%;
- zolakwika zazikulu - 50-69%;
- zolakwika - zosakwana 50%.
Kwa parameter ya FEV1, maselo otsatirawa amawonetsedwa ngati peresenti:
- kawirikawiri - oposa 85%;
- chikhalidwe chokha - 75-85%;
- Kusiyana kwakukulu - 55-74%;
- zolakwika zazikulu - 35-54%;
- zolakwika - zosakwana 35%.
Malire awa adachokera ndi L.Schick ndi N.Kanaev mu 1980.