- Adilesi: Serengeti, Tanzania
- Foni: +255 27 250 3471
- Kumalo: 14,750 km²
- Tsiku la maziko: 1951.
Nkhalango ya Serengeti ( Tanzania ) ndi imodzi mwa malo aakulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ili pa gawo la Great African Rift, dera lake ndi 14 763 km 2 . Mawu omwewo akuti "serengeti" amatembenuzidwa kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha Masai monga "zigwa zopanda malire".
Chosangalatsa ndi chiyani pakiyi?
"Serengeti Park" inayamba ndi zakaznik pang'ono ndi dera la 3.2 lalikulu mamita. km mu 1921. Pambuyo pake, mu 1929, chinawonjezeka. Mu 1940 malowa adadziwika ngati gawo lotetezedwa (komabe, "chitetezo" chinkachitika makamaka pamapepala pokhudzana ndi mavuto ena). Patapita zaka khumi, patapita kuwonjezeka kwina, adalandira udindo wa National Park, ndipo mu 1981 adadziwika kuti ndi malo a Cholowa cha NESCO.
Nyanja ya Masai Mara ya Kenya ikupitirizabe kusungidwa kwa Serengeti. Zamoyo zake zimatengedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwa zakale kwambiri padziko lapansi. Zinyama zakutchire za Serengeti, malingana ndi asayansi, lero zikuwoneka chimodzimodzi monga momwe zinkawonekera zaka milioni zapitazo, zosungidwa kuyambira nthawi ya Pleistocene. Palibe malo ena okhala ku Africa omwe angafanane ndi Serengeti ponena za chiwerengero cha mitundu yomwe ikukhala pano: pali mitundu 35 yowonongeka yomwe ilipo! N'zosadabwitsa kuti ndi Serengeti yomwe imakopa alendo ambirimbiri ku Tanzania chaka chilichonse. Pakiyi imatengedwa kuti ndiyo malo abwino kwambiri owonera moyo wa mikango, nyamakazi ndi ingwe, komanso girafa.
Malo otchukawa ndi pulezidenti wa Frankfurt Zoological Society, Bernhard Grzymek, yemwe anaphunzira kusamukira ku Serengeti ndipo analemba mabuku angapo za iye amene abweretsa pakiyi padziko lonse lapansi. Serengeti si malo okhawo okhalapo, komanso malo otetezeka: imodzi mwa ntchito zake ndi kusunga miyambo ya chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha Masai. Pazinthu izi, Ngorongoro imakhala yosiyana ndi Serengeti.
"Mphaka wa Anthu"
Mtsinje wa Olduvai, womwe umatchedwa "Mimba ya Anthu", yomwe ili m'deralo, anafukula zazikulu kuyambira nthawi ya 30 mpaka 60 ya zaka zapitazi, chifukwa cha mafupa a homo habitus, otsalira a Australopithecus, zipangizo zakale, mafupa nyama. Zisonyezero zonsezi zikhoza kuwonetsedwa mu nyumba yosungiramo zinyama za anthropological . Koma lero gawo ili la paki likutsekedwa kwa alendo chifukwa choyambanso kufufuza - asayansi amakhulupirira bwino kuti mwayi wolowa alendo ukhoza kuwononga kwambiri kufukufuku.
Flora ndi nyama zachilengedwe
Nkhalango ya Serengeti ili ndi nyengo yapadera komanso malo osiyanasiyana: kumpoto muli mapiri ophimbidwa ndi nkhalango, makamaka ndi mthethe, kum'mwera - udzu wobiriwira, kumadzulo - nkhalango zovuta kwambiri (pano zikukula mofanana ndi acacias, ebony ndi ficuses); ndipo pakati pa paki ndi savanna.
Zinyama za Serengeti zikuwoneka mosiyanasiyana. Malowa amakhala kunyumba kwa oimira Big Five - mikango, akalulu, njovu, mafupa ndi njuchi, komanso pambali pawo - mitsamba, mbuzi, mbidzi, mitundu yambiri ya nyama zamphongo ndi mapepala, nyanga, mimbulu, mbuzi, nkhuku, abulu, abulu , zikwangwani. Mwachidule, nyama za Serengeti zimaimira pafupifupi nyama zonse za ku Africa. Nkhumba zokha, mbidzi ndi mapepala okhala m'dera lawo zimakhala zoposa 2 miliyoni, ndipo pali anthu oposa 3 miliyoni m'zinyama zonse zazikulu. Pano pali primates: abulu-hussars, abulu, anyani obiriwira, colobus.
Mikango ya Serengeti ili mkati mwa chipinda chapakati cha Serengeti, mu Seronera Valley. Mikango igawa gawo ndi ingwe; Chifukwa cha nkhwangwa zambiri, nyamakazi, ziboliboli zomwe zimadyetsa msipu wolemera, sizikufunikira kuti anthu odyetsedwa ndi njala adziwe.
Mitsinje ndi nyanja za Serengeti, mumatha kuona mvuu, komanso mitundu yoposa 350 ya zokwawa, kuphatikizapo ng'ona. Nkhumba za Nile zikukhala mumtsinje Grumeti kumadzulo kwa malo; iwo amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwakukulu kochititsa chidwi - iwo ndi aakulu kwambiri kuposa okhala "anzathu" kumalo ena. Komanso, malo otchedwa Serengeti Park ku Tanzania akhala nyumba komanso "malo otayika" kwa mbalame zambiri za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pano mukhoza kuona mbalame-alembi, nthiwatiwa ndi madzi. Nyanja ya Salt Lake Ndutu yomwe ili kum'mwera kwa malo osungirako malo ndi malo ambiri a flamingo. Chiŵerengero cha mitundu ya anthu okhala ndi nthenga amakhala ndi 500! N'zosadabwitsa kuti malowa amatengedwa kukhala paradaiso kwa onithologists.
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Maulendo apaki
Serengeti ikhoza kutchedwa paki ya safari: imayenda mumagalimoto ndi mabasi, ndipo paulendowu simungathe kutalika, komanso kuti muziyang'ana nyama zakutchire. Mwachitsanzo, zokopa zimayandikira chidwi ndi mikango, mikango sizimangokhalira kuyendetsa magalimoto - ndizotheka kuti muyende kuzungulira banja la "mfumu ya zinyama" akugona pamsewu. Koma chidwi cha nkhumba zingakhale zovuta komanso zosasangalatsa: Nthawi zina zimadumphira mu mabasi ndikutsegula matupi - makamaka ngati akuwona chakudya.
Mukhoza kuyenda mosamala pa Serengeti mu bulloon yotentha kuti muone Kuyenda Kwakukulu, pamene mbidzi pafupifupi 200,000, nyanga imodzi yokhala ndi miyendo yambirimbiri ndi maululates ena amayenda kufunafuna udzu watsopano. Pamene nyengo yowirira kumpoto kwa malowa ikubwera, njira yawo imadzera kumapiri a udzu, komwe mvula yamkuntho imadutsa panthawi ino, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yamvula imabwereranso. Miyezi yamvula ndi March, April, May, Oktoba ndi November. Ngati mukufuna kuyang'ana nyamakazi, ndibwino kuti mubwere ku Serengeti kuyambira December mpaka July, ndipo ngati mukufuna chidwi ndi mikango ndi ena odyetsa, kuyambira June mpaka Oktoba. Alendo okhwima akuwonanso miyala, nyimbo za rock Masai ndi ulendo wopita ku phiri la Aldo Lengai.
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Kwa oyendera palemba
Mukasankha kukacheza ku Africa ndikupita ku malo otchedwa Serengeti Park, mutha kuwuluka mmenemo ndikutumiza mkati kuchokera ku Kilimanjaro International Airport. Mukhozanso kubwera kuchokera ku Arusha ndi galimoto - msewu mu nkhaniyi idzatenga maola asanu.
Malingana ndi kukula kwa malo osungiramo zinthu, zikuonekeratu kuti sikutheka kuyendera izo tsiku limodzi, ndipo ndi zopusa kuti mutengere nthawi yochuluka pamsewu nthawi iliyonse. Pano, zipangizo zonse zofunikila alendo, kuphatikizapo mahoteli, kapena kampu zopuma ndi malo ogona, zakhazikitsidwa. Malo abwino kwambiri ndi awa: Serengeti Serena Louge, Serengeti Pioneer Camp ndi Elewana, Kirawira Serena Camp, Singita Sasakwa Lodge, Serengeti Tented Camp - Ikoma Bush Camp, Lobo Wildlife Lodge, Mbalageti Serengeti, Lemala Ewanjan, Serengeti Acacia Camps, Kananga Special Tented Kampu, Kampan yapamwamba yamakono.
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