Maluwa okongola a cineraria ndiwopindulitsa kwambiri kwa munthu aliyense amene akufuna kugula chikhalidwe chatsopano ndi makhalidwe abwino okongoletsa kubzala chiwembu kapena nyumba. Pali mitundu yambiri yochititsa chidwi ya zomera zomwe zingamere, m'zinthu ndi pamtunda.
Cineraria - kubzala ndi kusamalira
Chomerachi chimakula ngati mawonekedwe a zitsamba kapena herbaceous maluwa, omwe amasiyana kwambiri ndi mtundu wa pamakhala ndi mawonekedwe a masamba. Kuphatikiza pa maonekedwe a maluwa, pali zokongoletsera zamoyo ndi korona wamtengo wapatali wa siliva. Kwa nyumba chipinda chamkati cha cineraria ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 30 chimachotsedwa, ndipo poyera pansi n'zotheka kudzala zitsamba mpaka 90 cm mu kukula ndi mphamvu mizu mizu. Masamba a chomerawa ali ndi soft villi ndi bluish tinge. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, cineraria imatulutsa madengu okongola kwambiri okhala ndi matope ndi maluwa ophweka.
Wotchuka ku Ulaya mitundu ya cineraria:
- Cineraria wamagazi (wosakanizidwa, wofiira) - kutalika kufika pa 70-90 masentimita, zabwino zowonjezera mkati, ali ndi masamba okongoletsera okongoletsera komanso masamba a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa a cineraria ndi yamagazi - Kawiri, Chifundo, Grandiflora, Stellata.
- Cineraria ndi yokongola - imakula ngati mawonekedwe a globular shrub 20-60 masentimita pamwamba, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana. Maluwa osiyanasiyana a Ligulosus ndi a terry, ndipo gulu lotchuka laling'ono la Nanus ndilo lotchuka chifukwa cha mapiko ake owala kwambiri, omwe ali ndi phokoso la burgundy.
- Ukapolo wa Cineraria (m'mphepete mwa nyanja) - kumadera akummwera umakula mwakuya kosatha, nyengo yozizira - monga chikhalidwe cha pachaka. Mitundu imeneyi ndi yotchuka osati ya maluŵa omwe amachotsedwa asanamere, koma masamba osakanizika a phulusa.
Cineraria - kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Cholakwika chachikulu cha wamaluwa ambiri ndi kuyesa kubzala chikhalidwechi mwachindunji, popanda kuganizira zosiyana siyana. Kuyesera kopambana pofesa m'nthaka kumapezedwa ndi cineraria kaso, pokhala wodzichepetsa kwambiri pa zochitika zomwe zikukula. Mitundu yotsalirayo imakhala ndi nthawi yaitali ya zomera ndipo imapereka mphuno yabwino kwambiri yomwe imamwalira ali wamng'ono panthawi iliyonse ya nyengo.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kulima mbewu za cineraria:
- Maluwa a cineraria afikira - ndikofunikira kufesa pa mbande mu March, kugwera pamgedi kumapangidwa zaka khumi zapitazo za May.
- Maluwa a cineraria ndi wamagazi - ndikofunikira kufesa mu December, kotero kuti kumapeto kwa kasupe mudzapeza mbande zachilendo.
- Cineraria ndi okongola - nyembazo zimabzalidwa mu April, kuziyika pansi kumapangidwa zaka khumi ndi ziwiri za May ndi kuyamba kutentha kotentha.
Cineraria - kufesa mbewu za mbande
Mu funso la momwe mungabzalitsire cineraria pa mbande, nkofunika kuganizira kukula kwa mbewu. Zingatheke kulowa mu nthaka, zowonongeka pamwamba pa nthaka yosakanizika ndi manja pang'ono. N'zotheka kulowa mkati mwa mbeu mothandizidwa ndi zitsulo zokhala ndi zitsamba zokhala ndi madzi ozizira pamtunda wa 0,3-0.5 masentimita. Kenaka, yikani chidebecho ndi phukusi kapena pepala la galasi ndikuyiyika pamalo otentha (+ 18-20 ° C). Ngati nkhaniyo ili yabwino komanso ikukula bwino, maluwa a maluwawo amachoka padziko lapansi pambuyo pa milungu iwiri.
Mitundu ya cineraria
Gawo lofunika pakulima cineraria ndi kumera kwa mbande . Ntchitoyi yachitidwa mosamala pambuyo pa tsamba lachiwiri. Ndikofunika kuphuka ndi ma clod of earth kuti achepetse kuwonongeka kwa mizu yachisomo. Ndibwino, mutatha kusankha, kuchotsa mbande mu chipinda chozizira, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa sing'anga kufika 15-18 ° C. M'nyengo yotentha, masamba amamera ndi masamba owonda amayamba kufota, kotero cineraria ndi zofunika kukhala pamalo ozizira kumene mpweya wabwino ukuyenda nthawi zonse.
Cineraria - chisamaliro cha kunyumba
Malamulo enieni osungira cineraria mumphika, kusamalira mbande ndi zomera zazikulu pamtunda. Zindikirani kuti kuphulika kwa masamba kumachitika kutentha kwa 12 ° C. Nthawi yamasana, kutentha kwa dzuwa kungapangidwe pamasamba, kotero ndi zofunika kukula chomera mu kuwala kwakukulu. Miphika yapakatikati amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mawonekedwe a chipinda. Nthaka imakonzedwa kuchokera ku chisakanizo cha peat, nthaka ya masamba ndi zowonongeka kompositi .
Mbali za kusamalira maluwa cineraria:
- Mukasunga maluwa m'chipindamo, muyenera kutonthoza mpweya ndi zipangizo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zotseguka ndi madzi.
- Chomeracho sichimakonda zipangizo zamakono, nthaka pamaluwa a maluwa imakonzedwa kuyambira autumn.
- M'chaka, nitrojeni feteleza kapena mullein imayambitsidwa, ndipo madzulo, phosphorous feteleza amayamba.
- Mapuloteni othamanga amadulidwa ku tsamba loyamba.
- N'zotheka kufupikitsa mphukira zotalika pa tchire.
- Poyera, gwiritsani ntchito mulch kutetezera chilala.
- M'dzinja, cineraria imachotsedwa kapena kufukula, imaikidwa mu mphika, ili ndi zitsamba zotentha m'nyengo yozizira mpaka 15 ° C.
- Kum'mwera, cineraria ikhoza kukhala wamkulu ngati yosatha, kuphimba maluwa kuchokera ku chisanu ndi mapiko kapena zinthu zina.
Cineraria - kukulitsa mutatha kugula
Ntchitoyi, pamene kuika cineraria, kukula kuchokera ku mbande, iyenera kuthetsedwa kumapeto kwa kasupe. Mitundu ya chipinda imagwiritsa ntchito nthaka kuchokera mchenga, tsamba ndi mtsempha, zosakaniza mofanana. M'masitolo, mabasi akulu amapezeka pamiphika pamodzi ndi mamita 10 masentimita ndi nambala yambiri yopanda masamba. Maluwa awa sasowa kuwonjezera kwina. Mukamapinda mu bedi la maluwa, mabowo ali pamtunda wa masentimita 25. Nthaka imathiriridwa, kamphindi kakang'ono ndipo imaphimbidwa ndi nsalu.
Cineraria - kuthirira
Funso lofunikira pamene mukukula cineraria mu miphika: "Momwe mungamwetsere zomera zopanda pake?" Madzi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mpumulo ndi kutentha. Timayesa kuti tisamanyowe masamba osungunuka, choncho madzi amathira pansi pazu. Kutentha, kuthirira kungakhoze kuchitidwa ngakhale kawiri pa tsiku, koma musalole kuti madzi asapitirire. Kuti tithe kusinthanitsa mpweya, nthawi ndi nthawi timamasula pansi. Chomera chochokera kumwamba chiyenera kukhala chodutswa chochepa cha dothi lopangidwa, chomwe chimathandiza kupewa kuyanika nthaka.
Matenda a cineraria
Vuto, chifukwa cineraria amapanga masamba, akhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo. Matenda amodzi a maluwa amenewa ndi powdery mildew . Zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta, ndipo zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chinyezi m'nthaka. Cineraria yodwalayo iyenera kuchotsedwa pa flowerbed. Kutaya mu mphika wa chipinda kukhoza kuyisungira mu chipinda chotentha ndi mpweya wouma. Ngati maluwa amakhudzidwa ndi akangaude kapena nsabwe za m'masamba, ndiye kuti zomera zimafuna mankhwala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.