Maholide ku Cambodia

Cambodia imatchuka osati kokha m'mphepete mwa nyanja yamchere ndi mabombe abwino kwambiri, m'nkhalango zosasunthika kapena zozizwitsa zapadera. Anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi chikhalidwe ndi miyambo ya ufumu wakummawawu adzakopeka ndi mwayi paulendo wina wokaona malo ena a maholide ku Cambodia ndikudziŵa zambiri za moyo wa dzikoli. Poyamba, palibe nthawi yochuluka yotereyi mu kalendala ya anthu a ku Cambodia, koma pokhala mukuyendera zikondwerero zamtunduwu mu ulemu wawo, ndithudi mudzapeza zosaiŵalika komanso zogwira mtima.

Polemba tsiku la ulendo, musanatenge matikiti oyendetsa ndege, fufuzani ndi mndandanda wa masiku ofunikira kwambiri ku Cambodia. Zina mwa izo, maholide onse a boma ndi achipembedzo, omwe amachokera zaka zakuya.

Maholide a boma a Ufumu wa Cambodia

Maholide onse ku Cambodia kawirikawiri amakondwereredwa pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi achipembedzo, komanso masiku amatha ndipo nthawi zambiri amatsatana ndi zikondwerero zazikulu. Chofunika kwambiri mwa iwo ndi:

1. Chaka chatsopano. Ikukondwerera pa Januwale 1 ndipo imasonyeza kuyamba kwa chaka chatsopano molingana ndi kalendala ya Gregory. Anthu ammudzi samakondwera ndi mwambo wapadera: Chaka Chatsopanochi ndi chisonyezero cha kulowerera kwa Cambodia mu chikhalidwe cha dziko lapansi. Komabe, Khmers amapatsanso mphatso modzipereka, nthawi isanafike kapena pa holide yokha, osati m'mawa mwake. Zithunzi za nyumba ndi misewu zimakongoletsedwa ndi mitengo yamitengo ndi maluwa mmalo mwa zidole. Sichiletsedwa kupanga phokoso ndi kusangalala, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zozizira.
2. Tsiku Lopambana pa chiwonongeko. Ikukondwerera pa January 7. Tsiku lomwelo mu 1979, Phnom Penh inagwidwa ndi asilikali a Vietnam. Ku Cambodia, pali nyumba yosungirako zinthu zachiwawa Tuol Sleng , yemwe mawonetsero ake amanena za boma la Pol Pot.
3. Tsiku la Azimayi Padziko Lonse. Monga m'mayiko ena, amakondwerera pa March 8. M'mizinda yambiri ya dzikoli muli mawonetsero, mafilimu, mafilimu, maulendo apanyanja. Mu Phnom Penh, mankhwala okongola opangidwa ndi akazi a Cambodia amatsegula (makamaka ming'oma ndi zikwama za silika). Pamsonkhanowo anthu ammudzi amasonyeza zamasamba komanso zipatso zomwe zimakula. Pafupi ndi malo a kachisi wa Angkor Wat muli chionetsero, kumene akazi amakhala ndi zolemba zosiyanasiyana ndi zojambulajambula.
4. Tsiku la Ntchito. Pulogalamuyi imakhazikitsidwa pa May 1 polemekeza anthu ogwira ntchito komanso kusintha kwachuma ndi chitukuko m'miyoyo yawo. Mawonetsero, omwe amapezeka ndi anthu ambiri - mbali yofunika kwambiri ya zikondwerero lero.
5. Tsiku lobadwa la Mfumu. May 13-15 ndi msonkho kwa anthu a ku Cambodia omwe adakondedwa ndi Mfumu Norodom Sihamoni, yemwe anabadwa pa 14 May 1953. Pa tsiku lino, maofesi onse, mabungwe ndi misika zambiri sizigwira ntchito.
6. Tsiku lobadwa la amayi a King of Cambodia. Ikukondwerera pa June 18 (tsiku la kubadwa kwa Queen of Cambodia).
7. Constitution Day ya Cambodia. Ikukondwerera pa September 24 - tsiku la malamulo oyambirira a dzikoli.
8. Tsiku la kukonzedwa. Anakondwerera pa October 29, tsiku limene mfumu ya Cambodia inakwera ku mpando wachifumu.
9. Tsiku lobadwa la atate wa Mfumu ya Cambodia. Anthu a ku Cambodiya amalemekeza kwambiri banja la mfumu yawo kuti tsiku la Oktoba 31, pamene bambo wa Norodom Sihamoni anawonekera, amatchedwanso holide. Patsikuli ndi zikondwerero ndi zokondwerero zokhala ndi moto, ndipo zipinda zambiri zomwe kale zinali zosatheka kupezeka ku Royal Palace ndi zotseguka kuti ziziyendera.
10. Tsiku la Ufulu. Zikondwerero zomwe zikuchitika patsikuli zikuchitika pa November 9, tsiku limene Cambodia mu 1953 inadziteteza ku France.
11. Tsiku la Ufulu Wachibadwidwe. Ikukondwerera pa December 10. Tsikuli ndi lofunika kwambiri chifukwa tsiku limenelo Chidziwitso cha Ufulu Wachibadwidwe chinavomerezedwa. Pa misewu yayikuru ndi misewu yayikuru ya dzikoli pamapanga mabanki akuluakulu, omwe onse angaphunzire zambiri za ufulu wa anthu. Pakatikati mwa chigawo cha Battambang, machitidwe a zikondwerero amakonzedwa, okonzedwa ndi ofesi ya ofesi ya Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Komanso, ofesi ya United Nations, pamodzi ndi French Embassy, ​​ikuyambitsa phwando la chikhalidwe cha Cambodia ku Phnom Penh mu Chaktomuk Theater, komwe munthu angadziwe zambiri za nyimbo ndi zojambula zovina.

Madyerero Amitundu ku Cambodia

Zikondwerero zachipembedzo m'dzikolo nthawi zonse zimakhala zokongola komanso zogwira mtima, choncho kuyendera mmodzi mwa iwo ndikudziŵa chikhalidwe cha Cambodian ndikofunika. Zina mwa izo ndi zochititsa chidwi:

1. Magha Puja . Zikondwerero pankhaniyi zikuchitika mu February. Tsiku lenileni limadalira tsiku la mwezi wathunthu. Patsikuli liri ndi tanthauzo lachipembedzo: amonkewa adasonkhana lero kuti amvetsere maulaliki a Buddha. Tsopano atsogoleri achipembedzo ndi anthu ammudzi amabwera kuzipinda zapadera ndikuwerenga sutra, akufotokoza za moyo wa Buddha. Izi ndizoyenera kuwerengedwa kwa onse omwe alipo pambuyo pa moyo, ndipo ngati mutha kumvetsera malemba onse a sutras (ali ndi mavesi 1000), ndiye kuti zokhumba zanu zonse zidzakwaniritsidwa. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuchita ntchito zabwino lero, kotero anthu ammudzi amachirikiza amonke ndikumasula mbalame ndi nsomba kukhala ufulu.
2. Vesak . Ikukondwerera mu April kapena May. Pa tsiku lino, malingana ndi nthano, Gautama Buddha anabadwa, ndipo tsiku lomwelo kuunika kwake ndi imfa zinadza. Lero, kumayambiriro kwa tsikuli, Khmers amanyamula mphatso zamtengo wapatali kwa amonke osungirako amonke. Popeza kalendala ya tchalitchi ikugwirizana ndi kalendala ya mwezi, Vesak imakondwezedwa chaka chilichonse m'masiku osiyanasiyana. Pa holideyi, amonkewa amapanga mwambo wamakono ndi makandulo. M'kachisi muzichita mwambo wa Cham dance ndikuwerenga sutras. Popeza kuti kuunika kwa Buddha kunachitika pamthunzi wa Badjan, mtengo uwu uyenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka. Zakachisi zimakongoletsera, ndipo anthu a ku Cambodi amapatsana mapepala, omwe amasonyeza nthawi zofunika kwambiri kuchokera ku Buddha. Madzulo, makandulo ndi nyali zimayatsa m'dziko lonselo.
3. Miyambo Yoyamba Kulima . Tsiku limeneli ndilo malire omwe mungayambe kufesa. Muzichita chikondwererochi mwezi wa Meyi, ndipo gawo lapadera la chikondwererochi ndilo ndondomeko yodalirika, yomwe imatsogoleredwa ndi ng'ombe ziwiri, zokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa ndi kumangiriridwa ku khasu.
4. Pchum Ben (Tsiku la Ancestors) . Anthu a ku Cambodia amakumbukira makolo awo mu September kapena October. Kwa ambiri a iwo, ili ndi tsiku lofunika kwambiri. Zimakhulupirira kuti pa tsiku lina wolamulira wa dziko la akufa wakufa amamasula miyoyo ya akufa kumtunda. Mizimu nthawi yomweyo imapita kwa achikunja komwe mabanja awo amakhala, ndipo ngati palibe zopereka monga mpunga, iwo akhoza kutemberera achibale awo.
5. Bon Om Tuk (Mchitidwe wa Madzi) . Kupambana mpikisano kumachitika mu November, pamene mitsinje imasintha njira yomwe ilipo. Zimapezeka ku Phnom Penh m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya Mekong ndi Tonle Sap. Iyi ndiwonetsero yowoneka bwino, yomwe 21 (malinga ndi chiwerengero cha zigawo za dzikoli) chombo chojambulidwa bwino mpaka mamita 20 chimatengapo mbali.

Chaka Chatsopano cha Cambodia

Iye amabwera kunyumba kwa anthu onse okhalapo pa April 13-15 kapena pa 14-16 April ndipo amachitidwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa maholide ofunika kwambiri ku Cambodia, akuyimira miyambo ya dziko. Anthu okhalamo amakhulupirira kuti lero lino mzimu wa Mulungu umatsikira padziko lapansi. M'chinenero cha komweko, dzina la Chaka Chatsopano limamveka ngati Chaul Chnam. Zikondwerero zomwe zinachitika pa nthawiyi zidatha masiku atatu.

Tsiku loyamba - Moxa Sangkran - Anthu a ku Cambodians amatsuka mosamala ndikuyeretsa nyumba zawo, chifukwa ndi pamene angelo amatsikira pansi ndipo ayenera kukomana bwino. Fano la Buddha limayikidwa pamalo olemekezeka kwambiri m'nyumba - guwa. Liyenera kukongoletsedwa ndi maluwa, makandulo, kuika chakudya ndi zakumwa patsogolo pake, ndi kusuta ndi zakumwa zonunkhira. Kwa amonke ndi ansembe, chakudya chapadera chimakonzedwera tsiku limenelo, zomwe zimaperekedwa kwaulere.

Tsiku lachiwiri la chikondwererochi amatchedwa Vanabot. Ngati lero muli ku Cambodia , tsatirani chitsanzo cha anthu akumeneko ndikupatseni mphatso kwa okondedwa, ndikupereka zopereka kwa osowa. Anthu ena a ku Cambodia m'mwezi wa Epulo amalimbikitsanso maboma awo a ndalama.

Tsiku lachitatu la Chaka chatsopano limatchedwa Leung Sakk. Ndiye akuyenera kusamba mafano a Buddha ndi madzi oyera kotero kuti chaka chamawa padzakhala zokolola zabwino ndipo zidzakhala mvula yambiri. Mwambo umenewu umatchedwa Pithi Srang Preah. Ndichizoloŵezi chowonetsa ulemu waukulu kwa akulu: monga chizindikiro cha kumvera, achichepere a m'banjamo amatsuka mapazi awo ndi madzi opatulika, kulandira mpikisano mdalitso wa makolo.

Chaka Chatsopano cha Cambodia, nyengo yatsopano imayamba, ndipo kukolola kwatha. Mwachikhalidwe, anthu onse okhulupilira amaloŵa kukachisi, komwe amadalitsidwa ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo. Kawirikawiri m'kachisi patsikuli, kumangidwa phiri la mchenga, lokongoletsedwa ndi mbendera zisanu zachipembedzo. Iwo amaimira ophunzira asanu omwe amawakonda a Buddha. Mwambo wokonkha madzi opatulika uli ndi zochitika zake zokha: umatsitsimula nkhope m'mawa, m'mawere - madzulo, ndipo mapazi amatsanulira madzulo. Madzi amakhalanso ojambula m'mithunzi zosiyanasiyana: pinki, chikasu, buluu. Izi zimachitika pofuna kukopa mwayi ndi chitukuko mu chaka chomwe chikubwera. Kumapeto kwa zikondwerero zachipembedzo, masewera achichepere achichepere ndi osiyanasiyana amaletsedwanso.