Mafupa akhala akudziwika kwa anthu kwa nthawi yaitali. Matendawa anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama m'nthaŵi ya kulemera kwa Greece wakale. Ndiye iyo imatchedwa "kutopa". Masiku ano matendawa sanawonekenso, koma m'malo mwake, adatulukira mwatsopano ndipo anasintha. Mmodzi mwa mitundu yambiri ya matendawa ndi atopic bronchial asthma. Kukula kwake kuli kwakukulu kwambiri.
Kodi atopic bronchial mphumu imatanthauza chiyani?
Matendawa ndi zotsatira za thupi la hypersensitivity ndi zina zowonjezera. Izi ndizo zomwe zimakhudza zochitikazo. Chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu chimakhala ndi pathogenesis yovuta. Njirayi imakhudzidwa ndi zifukwa zonse zakunja ndi zamkati. Maselo otsatirawa amathandizira kupanga mapangidwe ake:
- basophils ;
- maselo akuluakulu;
- leukocyte;
- maselo a epithelial;
- macrophages.
Pambuyo pa kumeza kwa allergen, kuyamwa kwa anaphylactic kumaonekera m'thupi. Patapita nthawi izi zikhoza kuchitika mu 2 mphindi kapena maola awiri. Mitundu yotere ya asthma imakhala yamtundu wotere:
- Dusty (komanso nyumba). Kawirikawiri imawonetsedwa nthawi yotentha, koma nthawi zina imapezeka ngakhale m'chilimwe. Matendawa amadziwika bwino ndi thanzi la wodwalayo. Ndi munthu woti achoke mnyumbamo, ndipo mphindi chabe palibe vuto.
- Matenda a fungal, omwe amawonekera ndi sporulation a tizilombo bowa. Mavuto omwe ali ndi vutoli amapezeka nthawi yamadzulo, pamene spores imakula.
- Matenda owopsya ndi mungu. Ikhoza kuwonetseredwa mutadya zakudya zakutchire kapena kudzipezera pafupi ndi "otsutsa".
- Mawonekedwe a epidermal ndi osowa kwambiri. Mtundu uwu wa mphumu yowonongeka ndi matenda a akatswiri a ogwira ntchito m'ma laboratories ofufuza. Pali nthenda yotereyi mu obereketsa ng'ombe.
Chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu - zitukuko
Choloŵa cholowa chimathandiza kwambiri pakuyambika kwa matendawa. Ngati mmodzi wa makolo ali ndi matendawa, mwayi woti udzawoneka mwa mwanayo ndi oposa 40%. Komanso, kuwonjezereka kwa mphumu ya mphuno yamatumbo kumachitika m'milandu yotsatirayi:
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yaitali;
- chilengedwe choipa;
- mikhalidwe yovulaza;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zokhala ndi zakudya zam'madzi, mankhwala ndi zina zowonjezereka;
- utsi wa ndudu;
- chitani kwa mafuta onunkhira.
Zizindikiro za allergic asthma
Kukhalapo kwa matendawa kukhoza kuweruzidwa pazifukwa zambiri. Zizindikiro za mphumu yothamanga yapamadzi ingakhale ndi zotsatirazi:
- mpweya wochepa;
- mpweya wochepa;
- chifuwa cha paroxysmal;
- ululu m'chifuwa.
Mphamvu ya kuwonetsekera kwa zizindikiro izi zimadalira kuopsa kwa njira ya matenda. Ndi mtundu wautali wa matendawa, pali kuwonjezeka kwachithupi cha chamoyo cholimbikitsa. Kukhumudwa kungawononge zinthu izi:
- Khalani m'nyumba, komwe kuli pfumbi ndi zonyansa;
- kukhudzana ndi nyama ndi zomera-provocateurs;
- zochitika zolimbitsa thupi.
Chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu ndi chifuwa chokhazikika
Panthawiyi, matendawa amadzimva ngati 2-3 pa mwezi. Usiku, kuzunzidwa pafupifupi sikuvutitsa. Chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu chimawonetsedwa paziwonetsero izi za zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- kuwomba;
- chifuwa;
- mpweya wochepa ;
- kuwonjezereka kosavomerezeka kwa pulmonary.
Chifuwa chachikulu chotchedwa asthma chakuda kwambiri
Panthawi imeneyi, matendawa amavuta kwambiri moyo. Mphuno yamatope ya atopic yovuta kwambiri imawonetseredwa motere:
- kupweteka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku;
- chisokonezo chagona;
- kudziwika kosavomerezeka kwa pulmonary.
Chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu - matenda
Kuyezetsa koyenera kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi wodziteteza komanso wodwalayo. Ntchito yaikulu yomwe akuyang'aniridwa ndi akatswiriwa ndi kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa komanso kudziwa momwe chitukuko chimayendera. Nthenda yotupa yamphongo - mawotchi - amapezeka ndi njira zotsatirazi:
- mpweya wabwino (komanso spirometry);
- kusanthula kamadzi;
- mayeso a khungu chifukwa chowopsa.
Kuthamanga kwa asthma - mankhwala
Nkhondo yolimbana ndi matendawa iyenera kukhala yeniyeni. Chithandizo cha kutupa kwa mphutsi kumaphatikizapo masitepe 4. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, opaleshoni imasankhidwa kulingalira za siteji ya matendawa:
- Mu wofatsa mawonekedwe - kuyambira kwa matenda - atopic bronchial mphumu amalamulidwa ndi leukotriene modifiers.
- Panthawi yofatsa, matendawa amachiritsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito corticosteroids.
- Odwala omwe ali ndi siteji yowonongeka kwambiri amalamulidwa kuti avomereze a agonist aatali.
- Ndi mtundu wovuta wa matendawa, kuyendetsa pamlomo kwa corticosteroids ndilololedwa.
Kuchiza kwa mphumu yotchedwa asthma yotchedwa bronchial brinma kumafuna zovuta. Zili ndi mbali izi:
- Kutaya kwathunthu kwa kukhudzana ndi zolimbikitsa. Izi zingaphatikizepo ntchito yosinthana (ngati zovuta zogwirira ntchito), zotsutsana ndi bowa, zakudya ndi zina zotero. Zochita zonsezi zimatchedwa kuyeretsa mankhwala.
- Pamene wodwala sangathe kudziteteza yekha kuti asagwirizane ndi allergen, ndibwino kuti ikhale yosakanizidwa.
- Mankhwala motsutsana ndi matendawa amatha kulembedwa pazigawo zoyambirira komanso zoopsa za matendawa.
Kukonzekera kovuta kwa atopic bronchial asthma kumaphatikizapo kukonzekera magulu otere:
- adrenoreceptor blockers yaitali;
- posachedwa;
- cromones;
- glucocorticosteroids;
- chithunzi;
- methylxanthini ndi zina zotero.
Kudya mu chifuwa chachikulu
Chifukwa cha matendawa ali ndi matenda osatha, kotero kulimbana nawo kumatha kwa zaka zambiri, komanso kwa moyo wanu wonse. Pa nthawiyi, mankhwala olembedwa bwino ndi ofunikira, komanso zakudya zabwino. Kuthandizira pano kumabwera chakudya chapadera. Cholinga cha pulogalamu imeneyi ndi izi:
- chizoloŵezi cha njira zamagetsi;
- mpumulo wa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo;
- kuchepetsa kugwa kwa mtsogolo.
Wodwala, amene amapezeka kuti ali ndi mphumu yowonongeka, sayenera kutengera zakudya zake monga mankhwala:
- Zakudya zamakaka zophikidwa ndi ufa woyera zoyera kwambiri;
- mafuta ndi broths olemera;
- khofi;
- chokoleti ndi kaka;
- mowa;
- wokondedwa;
- kuphika mafuta (margarine, kufalitsa);
- zouma ndi mchere wa mchere ndi mankhwala a nsomba;
- zakumwa zotsekemera;
- zosuta;
- kusamalira;
- Zipatso zomwe zingayambitse matenda;
- viniga, mpiru, mayonesi, zonunkhira, zonunkhira.
Chakudyacho chiyenera kukhala chowotcha, chophika kapena chophika. Nthaŵi zina wodwala akhoza kuphika mphodza. Palibe zakudya zokazinga. Chakudya choyenera ndi ma 5-6 pa tsiku. Ndikofunika kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito mchere wamchere, chifukwa sodium yomwe ilipo imapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lovuta. Sodium ikhoza kusunga chinyezi, chomwe chingayambitse kutupa kwa minofu ya mucous, ndipo mphumu yowonongeka yowonongeka sikuti imangobwerera, koma idzayamba kuwonetsa molimba kwambiri.