Kutaya mtima kwa mtima

Matenda omwe mtima, pazifukwa zilizonse, umasiya kupopera magazi ndi mphamvu yeniyeni, umatchedwa mtima wosagonjetsedwa (CHF) - ndi ofala kwambiri pakati pa okalamba. Chifukwa mtima, ngati mpope wolakwika, sungathe kupopera magazi, ziwalo zonse za thupi ndi ziphuphu zimayamba kukhala zochepa mu oxygen ndi zakudya.

Zizindikiro za Kulephera kwa Mtima Wosatha

Pamene CHF ikudziwika ndi zodandaula za:

• mpweya wochepa ;
• kawirikawiri pulse;
• ululu mu hypochondrium yolondola;
• kutopa kwakukulu;
• malingaliro a milomo, zala, zala;
• edema (makamaka kumapeto kwenikweni).

Madokotala adatengera njira zotsatirazi za kulephera kwa mtima, kuwonetsa kuopsa kwa matendawa:

1. I FC (gulu logwira ntchito) - wodwalayo amatsogolera njira yamoyo, osati kuchepetsa ntchito yake; sichimawona dyspnea ndi mutu wautali pansi pa katundu wamba.
2. II FC - wodwala amamva bwino pamtima nthawi zonse (kuthamanga kwa mtima, kufooka, dyspnea), chifukwa chake ayenera kuwaletsa; pa mpumulo, munthu amamva bwino.
3. FC FC - wodwalayo amakhala makamaka mu mpumulo, tk. ngakhale zochepa zazing'ono zimayambitsa zizindikiro za matenda a mtima osalimba.
4. IV FC - ngakhale mpumulo wodwalayo akuyamba kumva kuti akulephera; Katundu wochepa chabe umangowonjezera mavuto.

Kuzindikira kwa kulephera kwa mtima kosatha

Kawirikawiri, CHF ndi zotsatira za kunyalanyaza chithandizo cha matenda a mtima. Zimayambira, monga lamulo, motsutsana ndi matenda a ischemic (nthawi zambiri amuna), amayamba kuthamanga kwambiri (nthawi zambiri mwa amayi), matenda a mtima, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy , shuga, kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.

Anthu achikulire amakana kukaonana ndi dokotala, pozindikira kuti sangakwanitse kukhala ndi mtima wamtima monga chikhalidwe chosakanikizika cha ukalamba wawo. Ndipotu, kukayikira koyamba kwa CHF kuyenera kutumizidwa kwa katswiri wa zamoyo.

Dokotala adzaphunzira anamnesis, akulamula ECG ndi echocardiogram, komanso x-ray ya ziwalo zamkati ndi kuyesa magazi, mkodzo. Ntchito yaikulu ya matendawa ndikutulukira matenda a mtima omwe amachititsa kulephera, ndipo ayamba kuchiza.

Kuchiza kwa matenda osagwira mtima

Mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito a CHF akuwunikira:

• kuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa mawonetseredwe a ziwalo zomwe zimapweteka wodwala;
• chitetezo cha mitsempha ya magazi, impso, ubongo, mtima (wotchedwa ziwalo zogwiritsira ntchito);
• kuwonjezeka kwa moyo wa munthu amene ali ndi CHF;
• kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha zipatala.

Mankhwala amachiritso amaikidwa motere:

• mankhwala othandiza - ACE inhibitors, diuretics, beta-blockers, glycosides mtima;
• mankhwala othandizira ena - ochizira chithandizo cha calcium, aldosterone antagonist ndi angiotensin II receptors;
• mankhwala othandizira - pulogalamu ya vasodilators, antigregregants, antiarrhymics, corticosteroids, antiticoagulants, statins.

Chakudya chokwanira kwa mtima kosatha

Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala amapereka chithandizo chopanda mankhwala cha CHF, chomwe chimatanthauza zakudya. Odwala amalimbikitsidwa kumwa madzi okwana magalamu 750, ndi kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere mu zakudya zowonjezera 1.2 - 1.8 g. Pa milandu yoopsa (IV FK), zimaloledwa kudya 1 g mchere tsiku lililonse.

Pokhala ndi vuto la mtima, wodwalayo amalandira zoyamikira zokhudzana ndi zochitika. Zothandiza pa nkhani imeneyi ndi njinga yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kuyenda kwa mphindi 20 patsiku ndikulamulira bwino.