Mwana ndi chipatso cha chikondi cha mwamuna ndi mkazi, ndipo n'zosadabwitsa kuti maselo awiri ogonana amalumikizana, kuchulukitsa, kusintha ndikusandulika chozizwitsa chachikulu chomwe chili padziko lapansi - mwa munthu. Mayi aliyense ali ndi chidwi ndi chitukuko cha intrauterine cha munthu yemwe amanyamula pansi pa mtima wake.
Nthaŵi za chitukuko cha intrauterine
Pali nthawi zingapo za intrauterine kukula kwa mwanayo. Nthawi yoyamba ndi mapangidwe a zygote, pamene nthawi ya chiwerewere imalowa mumaliseche, kenako mu chiberekero ndi mazira, komwe amakumana ndi dzira ndipo spermatozoon yamphamvu imalowetsa mmenemo ndipo kusakanikirana kwa mitima yawo kumachitika. Zotsatira zake zimayamba kugawa ndikupita ku chiberekero cha mimba chifukwa cha kusemphana kwa mazira. Chifukwa cha kugawidwa mu dzira la fetal, masamba 3 a embryonic amapangidwa, omwe ziwalo ndi ziphuphu zimapanga. Pa tsiku lachisanu ndichisanu ndichisanu ndi chimodzi, mimba imayikidwa mu chiberekero. Nthawi yachiwiri imatchedwa fetal ndipo imatha mpaka masabata 12. Panthawi imeneyi, kamwana kameneka kamakumbidwa ndi villi, ena mwa iwo amakula mu khoma la uterine ndipo amasandulika kukhala placenta. Ndondomeko ya pulasitiki imatha ndi miyezi inayi. Kuchokera pa sabata la 12 chiberekero cha fetus chimayamba, chifukwa kuyambira tsopano pa umberewu amatchedwa mwana. Nthaŵi ya kuikidwa ndi malo otukuka amaonedwa kuti ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri ya intrauterine, popeza panthaŵiyi mluza umakhala wovuta kwambiri kwa owononga
Kupititsa patsogolo mwachindunji sabata
Pakati pa mimba yonse ndi fetus, kusintha kwakukulu kukuchitika komwe kumayambitsa kupanga ziwalo ndi kusiyana kwa ziphuphu. Gawo lofunika kwambiri la chitukuko cha intrauterine ndilo:
- pa masabata anayi, kamwana kakang'ono kamalowa mu chiberekero;
- Kwa masabata 12, ndondomekoyi ikutha;
- pa sabata 13 mukhoza kudziwa kugonana kwa mwana wosabadwa;
- pa sabata lachisanu ndi chinayi chiwalo chakumvetsera chimapangidwa ndipo mwanayo amva kale mawu a mayi, amadziwa nyimbo;
- pa sabata 16, mwanayo ayamba kusuntha;
- pa sabata 18, makina opangira intrauterine amapangidwa. Mwanayo akhoza kumeza amniotic madzi, kuyamwa chala, kutseka maso ake ku kuwala kowala ndi kusakanikirana kwa khungu la diso;
- pa sabata lachisanu ndi chiwiri mwanayo amakula msinkhu waukulu, kuti amayi ake ayambe kumverera zokondweretsa;
- Pa sabata la makumi awiri ndi awiri (24) sabata mwanayo wapangidwa kunja, koma ziwalo zake sizinakwanire mokwanira, ndipo ngati mwana akubadwa, mwanayo sangathe kugwira ntchito;
- pa sabata lachisanu ndi chiwiri, chiwalo cha masomphenya ndi mwanayo chinakhazikitsidwa, ngakhale kukhala mutero kuti athe kuchitapo kanthu pazowunikira;
- Mwana yemwe wabadwa pa sabata la 28 popereka chithandizo chamankhwala amatha akhoza kukhala ndi moyo. Kuchokera pa sabata la 28, kukula kwa mwana m'mimba kumatchulidwa ndipo mapangidwe a ziwalo amkati akutha;
- ndi masabata 37 a mimba amalingalira kuti ndi amphumphu ndipo mwanayo ali wokonzeka kukhala wodziimira payekha.
Kuphunzira za intrauterine fetal development - ultrasound
Ultrasound ndi njira yothandizira kuti muyang'ane kukula kwa intrauterine kwa masabata. Mphungu imayamba kuyang'aniridwa kumapeto kwa sabata 5, pamene idasamukira ku chiberekero cha uterine. Pa masabata 6-7 mukhoza kuona kugunda kwa mtima. Mu 9-13 ndi masabata 19-22, kuyendetsa ultrasound kumachitika, komwe mapangidwe a ziwalo zenizeni, ntchito yawo ndi miyeso yawo zatsimikiziridwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, ultrasound ikhoza kubwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi zonse kusintha kwa mimba kumakhalapo komanso kusamvana kwa thupi la mayi (matenda, zizoloŵezi zoipa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi) zingasokoneze mapangidwe a mwana wamtsogolo.